Proverbs 21:1
The king’s heart is a waterway in the hand of the LORD; He directs it where He pleases. This verse underscores God's sovereignty over the hearts of rulers, as seen in King Xerxes' response to Esther.

Romans 8:28
And we know that God works all things together for the good of those who love Him, who are called according to His purpose. This connects to the overarching theme of God's providence in Esther's story.

Psalm 37:12-13
The wicked scheme against the righteous and gnash their teeth at them, but the Lord laughs, seeing that their day is coming. This passage parallels Haman's fate and God's ultimate justice.Divine Timing and Courage
Esther's approach to King Xerxes is a testament to her bravery and the divine timing orchestrated by God. Esther 7:3-4 shows her courage as she reveals her identity and pleads for her people: If I have found favor in your sight, O king, and if it pleases the king, grant me my life as my petition and my people as my request.

The Unveiling of Evil
Esther exposes Haman's plot, highlighting the theme of hidden evil being brought to light. In Esther 7:6, she identifies Haman as the adversary: The adversary and enemy is this wicked Haman.

Justice Executed
The chapter concludes with Haman's downfall, illustrating the biblical principle that those who plot evil will ultimately face justice. Esther 7:10 states, So they hanged Haman on the gallows he had prepared for Mordecai.Stand for Righteousness
Like Esther, we are called to stand for what is right, even when it requires great personal risk.

Trust in God's Timing
We should trust that God’s timing is perfect, even when we cannot see the full picture.

Expose Injustice
We are encouraged to bring hidden injustices to light, trusting that God will use our actions for His purposes.1. King Ahasuerus (Xerxes)
The Persian king who is hosting the banquet. In the Hebrew text, his name is אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ (Achashverosh). He is a central figure in the Book of Esther, known for his authority and decision-making power.

2. Queen Esther
The Jewish queen of Persia, who bravely approaches the king to plead for the lives of her people. Her Hebrew name is אֶסְתֵּר (Esther), and she is known for her courage and wisdom.

3. Haman
The antagonist of the story, who is the king's advisor and has plotted to destroy the Jews. His name in Hebrew is הָמָן (Haman), and he is depicted as prideful and vengeful.1. The Banquet of Wine
This is the setting for the events of Esther 7. The chapter describes a banquet hosted by Queen Esther for King Xerxes and Haman. In the Hebrew text, the term used for "banquet" is "מִשְׁתֶּה" (mishteh), which refers to a feast or a drinking party. This setting is significant as it is where Esther reveals her Jewish identity and accuses Haman of plotting against her people, leading to Haman's downfall. The intimate and private nature of the banquet allows Esther to speak directly to the king, highlighting the strategic importance of the setting in the narrative.1. The Banquet of Esther
Esther 7 begins with Esther hosting a banquet for King Xerxes and Haman. This is the second banquet she has prepared, as mentioned in Esther 7:1, "So the king and Haman went to dine with Queen Esther."

2. The King's Inquiry
During the banquet, the king asks Esther what her petition is, promising to grant it up to half the kingdom. Esther 7:2 states, "And as they drank their wine on the second day, the king asked again, 'Queen Esther, what is your petition? It will be given to you. What is your request? Even up to half the kingdom, it will be fulfilled.'"

3. Esther's Plea for Her People
Esther reveals her request to the king, asking for her life and the lives of her people to be spared. In Esther 7:3, she says, "If I have found favor in your sight, O king, and if it pleases the king, grant me my life—this is my petition. And spare my people—this is my request."

4. Revelation of the Plot
Esther exposes Haman's plot to annihilate the Jews, identifying herself as one of the people targeted. Esther 7:4 explains, "For my people and I have been sold to destruction, death, and annihilation. If we had merely been sold as male and female slaves, I would have kept silent, for such distress would not be worth disturbing the king."

5. The King's Anger
King Xerxes, upon hearing Esther's plea, demands to know who is responsible for this plot. Esther 7:5 records, "King Xerxes asked Queen Esther, 'Who is he, and where is the man who has dared to do this?'"

6. Haman's Exposure
Esther identifies Haman as the adversary and enemy. Esther 7:6 states, "Esther replied, 'The adversary and enemy is this vile Haman.' Then Haman was terrified before the king and queen."

7. The King's Wrath and Haman's Plea
The king, in his anger, leaves the banquet to the palace garden, while Haman stays behind to beg Esther for his life. Esther 7:7 describes, "The king arose in his anger and left his wine and went to the palace garden. But Haman, realizing that the king had determined his doom, stayed behind to beg Queen Esther for his life."

8. Haman's Downfall
Upon returning, the king finds Haman falling on the couch where Esther is reclining, which further enrages him. Esther 7:8 notes, "Just as the king returned from the palace garden to the banquet hall, Haman was falling on the couch where Esther was reclining. 'Will he even molest the queen while she is with me in the house?' the king exclaimed. As soon as the word left the king’s mouth, they covered Haman’s face."

9. Haman's Execution
Harbona, one of the eunuchs, informs the king about the gallows Haman had prepared for Mordecai. The king orders Haman to be hanged on it. Esther 7:9-10 concludes, "Then Harbona, one of the eunuchs attending the king, said, 'Look, the gallows 50 cubits high stands by Haman’s house. He had it made for Mordecai, who spoke up to help the king.' The king said, 'Hang him on it!' So they hanged Haman on the gallows he had prepared for Mordecai. Then the king’s fury subsided."1. The Banquet of Esther
Esther 7 begins with Esther hosting a banquet for King Xerxes and Haman. This setting is crucial as it provides Esther the opportunity to present her petition to the king. The Hebrew word for banquet, "מִשְׁתֶּה" (mishteh), indicates a feast or a drinking party, highlighting the significance of hospitality and celebration in Persian culture.

2. Esther's Plea for Her People
Esther courageously reveals her Jewish identity and pleads for the lives of her people. In Esther 7:3, she says, "If I have found favor in your sight, O king, and if it pleases the king, let my life be given me at my petition, and my people at my request." The Hebrew root for "favor" is "חֵן" (chen), emphasizing grace and acceptance.

3. The Accusation Against Haman
Esther accuses Haman of plotting to destroy her people. In Esther 7:6, she identifies Haman as "the adversary and enemy." The Hebrew word for adversary, "צָר" (tsar), conveys the idea of an oppressor or foe, underscoring Haman's role as the antagonist in the narrative.

4. Haman's Downfall
Haman's reaction to Esther's accusation is one of terror. Esther 7:6 states, "Haman stood terrified before the king and queen." The Hebrew word for terrified, "בָּעַת" (ba'at), suggests a sudden fear or panic, illustrating Haman's realization of his impending doom.

5. The King's Wrath
King Xerxes' anger is kindled against Haman. In Esther 7:7, the king rises in his wrath and leaves the banquet. The Hebrew word for wrath, "חֵמָה" (chemah), indicates a burning anger, reflecting the king's intense emotional response to Esther's revelation.

6. Haman's Plea for Mercy
Haman begs Esther for his life, recognizing that the king has already decided his fate. Esther 7:7 describes Haman as "falling on the couch where Esther was reclining." The Hebrew verb "נָפַל" (naphal) means to fall or prostrate oneself, symbolizing Haman's desperation and submission.

7. The King's Misinterpretation
King Xerxes returns to find Haman pleading with Esther and misinterprets the scene as an assault. In Esther 7:8, the king exclaims, "Will he even assault the queen while I am in the house?" The Hebrew word for assault, "כָּבַשׁ" (kabash), can mean to subdue or violate, highlighting the king's protective instincts toward Esther.

8. Haman's Execution
Haman is executed on the gallows he had prepared for Mordecai. Esther 7:10 concludes, "So they hanged Haman on the gallows he had prepared for Mordecai." The Hebrew term for gallows, "עֵץ" (etz), literally means tree or wood, indicating the method of execution and the poetic justice served.1. Divine Providence and Timing
Esther 7 highlights the theme of divine providence, where God's timing is crucial. Esther's request to King Xerxes comes at the perfect moment, illustrating how God orchestrates events for His purposes. The Hebrew root for "time" (עֵת, 'et) underscores the significance of timing in God's plan.

2. Courage and Advocacy
Esther demonstrates courage by advocating for her people. In Esther 7:3, she pleads, "If I have found favor in your sight, O king, and if it pleases the king, let my life be given me at my petition, and my people at my request." Her bravery is a testament to standing up for justice and truth.

3. Reversal of Fortunes
The chapter illustrates a dramatic reversal of fortunes, a common biblical theme. Haman, who plotted against the Jews, faces the consequences of his actions. This theme is rooted in the Hebrew concept of "measure for measure" (מִדָּה כְּנֶגֶד מִדָּה, middah k'neged middah).

4. Justice and Retribution
Justice is served as Haman is punished for his wickedness. Esther 7:10 states, "So they hanged Haman on the gallows he had prepared for Mordecai." This reflects the biblical principle that evil deeds ultimately lead to one's downfall.

5. The Power of Influence
Esther's influence over King Xerxes is evident as she sways his decision. Her ability to impact the king's judgment highlights the power of influence and persuasion, especially when aligned with righteousness and truth.

6. Identity and Solidarity
Esther's identification with her people is crucial. By revealing her Jewish identity, she aligns herself with their fate, demonstrating solidarity and the importance of standing with one's community in times of crisis.1. Esther 7:4 – How credible is it that a royal decree ordering genocide could be issued and then so quickly reversed without any historical records corroborating it?

2. Esther 7:5–6 – Is there archaeological or extra-biblical evidence to confirm the existence and high position of Haman in the Persian Empire?

3. Esther 7:7 – Why would King Ahasuerus suddenly abandon the feast in anger without prior indications of Haman’s treachery in earlier records of Persian court life?

4. Esther 7:8 – How plausible is it, historically and culturally, that Haman would be instantly condemned to death merely from being seen near the queen’s couch?

5. Esther 7 – Why does this chapter, like the rest of the book, omit any direct mention of God, and how does that omission fit with the broader biblical narrative?

1. How does Esther demonstrate courage in this chapter?

2. What can we learn from the sudden reversal of Haman's fortune?

3. How does this chapter highlight the theme of justice?

4. How does King Xerxes react to Esther's revelation? What does this tell us about his character?

5. What is the significance of Esther revealing her Jewish identity at this point in the narrative?

6. How can the act of standing up against injustice, as Esther did, be applied to modern-day situations?

7. What lessons can be derived from the way Haman reacted when faced with his downfall?

8. How did Haman's own actions contribute to his downfall?

9. How does this chapter depict the concept of poetic justice?

10. How might Esther’s courage inspire you to confront injustices in your own life?

11. What role does faith play in Esther's actions?

12. How can Esther's courage be modeled in today's society where standing against oppression is needed?

13. How do you think Esther felt during her banquet knowing she was about to reveal her secret?

14. If you were in Esther's position, how would you have approached the situation?

15. Can you think of a time when you were forced to reveal a difficult truth? How does Esther’s story influence your perspective on such situations?

16. How does Esther 7 underscore the importance of speaking out even when it's difficult?

17. How does the downfall of Haman serve as a cautionary tale in modern times?

18. How can you apply the themes of courage, justice, and faith in your personal or professional life?

19. How does the narrative of Esther 7 inspire you to have faith in the ultimate triumph of good over evil?

20. What steps can you take to be courageous like Esther when facing a challenging situation that requires standing up for justice?