Ezekiel 1:23
New International Version
Under the vault their wings were stretched out one toward the other, and each had two wings covering its body.

New Living Translation
Beneath this surface the wings of each living being stretched out to touch the others’ wings, and each had two wings covering its body.

English Standard Version
And under the expanse their wings were stretched out straight, one toward another. And each creature had two wings covering its body.

Berean Standard Bible
And under the expanse, their wings stretched out toward one another. Each one also had two wings covering its body.

King James Bible
And under the firmament were their wings straight, the one toward the other: every one had two, which covered on this side, and every one had two, which covered on that side, their bodies.

New King James Version
And under the firmament their wings spread out straight, one toward another. Each one had two which covered one side, and each one had two which covered the other side of the body.

New American Standard Bible
Under the expanse their wings were stretched out straight, one toward the other; each one also had two wings covering its body on the one side and on the other.

NASB 1995
Under the expanse their wings were stretched out straight, one toward the other; each one also had two wings covering its body on the one side and on the other.

NASB 1977
And under the expanse their wings were stretched out straight, one toward the other; each one also had two wings covering their bodies on the one side and on the other.

Legacy Standard Bible
And underneath the expanse their wings were stretched out straight, one toward the other; each one also had two wings covering its body on the one side and on the other.

Amplified Bible
Under the expanse their wings were stretched out straight, one toward another. Every living being had two wings which covered its body on one side and on the other side.

Christian Standard Bible
and under the expanse their wings extended one toward another. They each also had two wings covering their bodies.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
And under the expanse their wings extended one toward another. Each of them also had two wings covering their bodies.

American Standard Version
And under the firmament were their wings straight, the one toward the other: every one had two which covered on this side, and every one had two which covered on that side, their bodies.

English Revised Version
And under the firmament were their wings straight, the one toward the other: every one had two which covered on this side, and every one had two which covered on that side, their bodies.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Under the dome, each creature had two wings that were stretched out straight, touching one another. Each creature had two wings that covered its body.

Good News Translation
There under the dome stood the creatures, each stretching out two wings toward the ones next to it and covering its body with the other two wings.

International Standard Version
and underneath the canopy, their wings spread out straight over their heads toward each other. They each also had two wings with which they covered themselves, one wing covering its body on one side and one wing covering itself on the other side.

Majority Standard Bible
And under the expanse, their wings stretched out toward one another. Each one also had two wings covering its body.

NET Bible
Under the platform their wings were stretched out, each toward the other. Each of the beings also had two wings covering its body.

New Heart English Bible
Under the expanse their wings were straight, the one toward the other: each one had two which covered on this side, and every one had two which covered on that side, their bodies.

Webster's Bible Translation
And under the firmament were their wings straight, the one towards the other: every one had two, which covered on this side, and every one had two, which covered on that side, their bodies.

World English Bible
Under the expanse, their wings were straight, one toward the other. Each one had two which covered on this side, and each one had two which covered their bodies on that side.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And under the expanse their wings [are] straight, one toward [its] sister; two [wings] of each are covering them, and two [wings] of each are covering their bodies.

Young's Literal Translation
And under the expanse their wings are straight, one toward the other, to each are two covering on this side, and to each are two covering on that side -- their bodies.

Smith's Literal Translation
And under the expansion their wings straight each to the other: to each, two, covering upon them, to each two covering to them their bodies.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And under the firmament were their wings straight, the one toward the other, every one with two wings covered his body, and the other was covered in like manner.

Catholic Public Domain Version
And their wings were straight under the firmament, one toward the other. One of them was covered by two wings on his body, and the other was covered similarly.

New American Bible
Beneath the firmament their wings stretched out toward one another; each had two wings covering the body.

New Revised Standard Version
Under the dome their wings were stretched out straight, one toward another; and each of the creatures had two wings covering its body.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And under the firmament were their wings straight, the one toward the other; over and under; two of them covering their faces and two covering their bodies.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And under it their wings were straight, each against each from above, and from beneath, two covered them and two covered their bodies
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
And under the firmament were their wings conformable the one to the other; this one of them had two which covered, and that one of them had two which covered, their bodies.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And their wings were spread out under the firmament, reaching one to the other; two wings to each, covering their bodies.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Divine Glory
22Spread out above the heads of the living creatures was the likeness of an awesome expanse, gleaming like crystal. 23And under the expanse, their wings stretched out toward one another. Each one also had two wings covering its body. 24When the creatures moved, I heard the sound of their wings like the roar of many waters, like the voice of the Almighty, like the tumult of an army. When they stood still, they lowered their wings.…

Cross References
Revelation 4:6-8
And before the throne was something like a sea of glass, as clear as crystal. In the center, around the throne, were four living creatures, covered with eyes in front and back. / The first living creature was like a lion, the second like a calf, the third had a face like a man, and the fourth was like an eagle in flight. / And each of the four living creatures had six wings and was covered with eyes all around and within. Day and night they never stop saying: “Holy, Holy, Holy, is the Lord God Almighty, who was and is and is to come!”

Isaiah 6:2
Above Him stood seraphim, each having six wings: With two wings they covered their faces, with two they covered their feet, and with two they were flying.

Revelation 1:13-16
and among the lampstands was One like the Son of Man, dressed in a long robe, with a golden sash around His chest. / The hair of His head was white like wool, as white as snow, and His eyes were like a blazing fire. / His feet were like polished bronze refined in a furnace, and His voice was like the roar of many waters. ...

Exodus 25:20
And the cherubim are to have wings that spread upward, overshadowing the mercy seat. The cherubim are to face each other, looking toward the mercy seat.

Revelation 19:11-14
Then I saw heaven standing open, and there before me was a white horse. And its rider is called Faithful and True. With righteousness He judges and wages war. / He has eyes like blazing fire, and many royal crowns on His head. He has a name written on Him that only He Himself knows. / He is dressed in a robe dipped in blood, and His name is The Word of God. ...

Daniel 10:5-6
I lifted up my eyes, and behold, there was a certain man dressed in linen, with a belt of fine gold from Uphaz around his waist. / His body was like beryl, his face like the brilliance of lightning, his eyes like flaming torches, his arms and legs like the gleam of polished bronze, and his voice like the sound of a multitude.

Revelation 15:6-8
And out of the temple came the seven angels with the seven plagues, dressed in clean and bright linen and girded with golden sashes around their chests. / Then one of the four living creatures gave the seven angels seven golden bowls full of the wrath of God, who lives forever and ever. / And the temple was filled with smoke from the glory of God and from His power; and no one could enter the temple until the seven plagues of the seven angels were completed.

1 Kings 6:27
And he placed the cherubim inside the innermost room of the temple. Since their wings were spread out, the wing of the first cherub touched one wall, while the wing of the second cherub touched the other wall, and in the middle of the room their wingtips touched.

Revelation 5:6-8
Then I saw a Lamb who appeared to have been slain, standing in the center of the throne, encircled by the four living creatures and the elders. The Lamb had seven horns and seven eyes, which represent the seven spirits of God sent out into all the earth. / And He came and took the scroll from the right hand of the One seated on the throne. / When He had taken the scroll, the four living creatures and the twenty-four elders fell down before the Lamb. Each one had a harp, and they were holding golden bowls full of incense, which are the prayers of the saints.

Isaiah 37:16
“O LORD of Hosts, God of Israel, enthroned above the cherubim, You alone are God over all the kingdoms of the earth. You made the heavens and the earth.

Revelation 7:11
And all the angels stood around the throne and around the elders and the four living creatures. And they fell facedown before the throne and worshiped God,

Exodus 37:9
And the cherubim had wings that spread upward, overshadowing the mercy seat. The cherubim faced each other, looking toward the mercy seat.

Revelation 14:14-16
And I looked and saw a white cloud, and seated on the cloud was One like the Son of Man, with a golden crown on His head and a sharp sickle in His hand. / Then another angel came out of the temple, crying out in a loud voice to the One seated on the cloud, “Swing Your sickle and reap, because the time has come to harvest, for the crop of the earth is ripe.” / So the One seated on the cloud swung His sickle over the earth, and the earth was harvested.

2 Chronicles 3:11-13
The total wingspan of the cherubim was twenty cubits. One wing of the first cherub was five cubits long and touched the wall of the temple, and its other wing was five cubits long and touched the wing of the other cherub. / The wing of the second cherub also measured five cubits and touched the wall of the temple, while its other wing measured five cubits and touched the wing of the first cherub. / So the total wingspan of these cherubim was twenty cubits. They stood on their feet, facing the main room.

Revelation 8:2-4
And I saw the seven angels who stand before God, and they were given seven trumpets. / Then another angel, who had a golden censer, came and stood at the altar. He was given much incense to offer, along with the prayers of all the saints, on the golden altar before the throne. / And the smoke of the incense, together with the prayers of the saints, rose up before God from the hand of the angel.


Treasury of Scripture

And under the firmament were their wings straight, the one toward the other: every one had two, which covered on this side, and every one had two, which covered on that side, their bodies.

their wings

Ezekiel 1:12,24
And they went every one straight forward: whither the spirit was to go, they went; and they turned not when they went…

which

Ezekiel 1:11
Thus were their faces: and their wings were stretched upward; two wings of every one were joined one to another, and two covered their bodies.

Job 4:18
Behold, he put no trust in his servants; and his angels he charged with folly:

Psalm 89:7
God is greatly to be feared in the assembly of the saints, and to be had in reverence of all them that are about him.

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Ezekiel 1
1. The time of Ezekiel's prophecy at Chebar.
4. His vision of four cherubim;
15. of the four wheels;
26. and of the glory of God.














And under the expanse
The term "expanse" in Hebrew is "raqia," which refers to a vast, stretched-out space or firmament. In the context of Ezekiel's vision, this expanse represents the separation between the divine and earthly realms. It is reminiscent of the creation account in Genesis, where God creates the firmament to divide the waters. This imagery underscores God's transcendence and the heavenly nature of the vision Ezekiel is witnessing. The expanse serves as a boundary, highlighting the holiness and otherness of God's presence.

their wings stretched out one toward another
The wings of the living creatures, or cherubim, symbolize their readiness to serve and their unity in purpose. The Hebrew word for "stretched out" is "pashat," which conveys the idea of extending or spreading out. This action signifies the cherubim's active role in God's service, always prepared to move at His command. The imagery of the wings touching or reaching toward one another suggests a harmonious and coordinated effort among the heavenly beings, reflecting the perfect order and unity in God's creation.

Each one also had two wings covering its body
The covering of the body with wings indicates a sense of reverence and humility before the divine presence. In Hebrew, the word for "covering" is "kasah," which means to conceal or hide. This act of covering can be seen as a gesture of modesty and respect, acknowledging the overwhelming glory of God. It echoes the seraphim in Isaiah 6:2, who cover their faces and feet with their wings in the presence of the Lord. This covering signifies the creatures' awareness of their position before a holy God, emphasizing the theme of divine majesty and the appropriate response of worship and awe.

(23) Two, which covered on this side.--The excessive literalness of this translation obscures the sense, for it seems to imply that each cherub used four wings to cover his body; whereas the true meaning is that "each had two wings covering his body on either side." The other two wings of each cherub were "straight," extended when they were in motion, but let down when at rest (Ezekiel 1:25).

Verse 23. - Under the firmament, etc. The description must be read as completing that of ver. 11. The two upper wings of the "living creatures" were not only stretched out, but they pointed to the azure canopy above them, not as sustaining it, but in the attitude of adoration. Nature, in all her life phenomena, adores the majesty of the Eternal.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
And under
וְתַ֙חַת֙ (wə·ṯa·ḥaṯ)
Conjunctive waw | Preposition
Strong's 8478: The bottom, below, in lieu of

the expanse,
הָרָקִ֔יעַ (hā·rā·qî·a‘)
Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 7549: An expanse, the firmament, visible arch of the sky

their wings
כַּנְפֵיהֶ֣ם (kan·p̄ê·hem)
Noun - feminine plural construct | third person masculine plural
Strong's 3671: An edge, extremity, a wing, a flap, a quarter, a pinnacle

stretched out
יְשָׁר֔וֹת (yə·šā·rō·wṯ)
Adjective - feminine plural
Strong's 3477: Straight, right

toward
אֶל־ (’el-)
Preposition
Strong's 413: Near, with, among, to

one
אִשָּׁ֖ה (’iš·šāh)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 802: Woman, wife, female

another.
אֲחוֹתָ֑הּ (’ă·ḥō·w·ṯāh)
Noun - feminine singular construct | third person feminine singular
Strong's 269: Sister -- a sister

Each one
לְאִ֗ישׁ (lə·’îš)
Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 376: A man as an individual, a male person

also had two
שְׁתַּ֤יִם (šə·ta·yim)
Number - fd
Strong's 8147: Two (a cardinal number)

wings covering
מְכַסּוֹת֙ (mə·ḵas·sō·wṯ)
Verb - Piel - Participle - feminine plural
Strong's 3680: To plump, fill up hollows, to cover

its body.
גְּוִיֹּתֵיהֶֽם׃ (gə·wî·yō·ṯê·hem)
Noun - feminine plural construct | third person masculine plural
Strong's 1472: A body, corpse


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OT Prophets: Ezekiel 1:23 Under the expanse were their wings straight (Ezek. Eze Ezk)
Ezekiel 1:22
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