Psalm 97:2
New International Version
Clouds and thick darkness surround him; righteousness and justice are the foundation of his throne.

New Living Translation
Dark clouds surround him. Righteousness and justice are the foundation of his throne.

English Standard Version
Clouds and thick darkness are all around him; righteousness and justice are the foundation of his throne.

Berean Standard Bible
Clouds and darkness surround Him; righteousness and justice are His throne’s foundation.

King James Bible
Clouds and darkness are round about him: righteousness and judgment are the habitation of his throne.

New King James Version
Clouds and darkness surround Him; Righteousness and justice are the foundation of His throne.

New American Standard Bible
Clouds and thick darkness surround Him; Righteousness and justice are the foundation of His throne.

NASB 1995
Clouds and thick darkness surround Him; Righteousness and justice are the foundation of His throne.

NASB 1977
Clouds and thick darkness surround Him; Righteousness and justice are the foundation of His throne.

Legacy Standard Bible
Clouds and thick darkness are all around Him; Righteousness and justice are the foundation of His throne.

Amplified Bible
Clouds and thick darkness surround Him [as at Sinai]; Righteousness and justice are the foundation of His throne.

Christian Standard Bible
Clouds and total darkness surround him; righteousness and justice are the foundation of his throne.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Clouds and thick darkness surround Him; righteousness and justice are the foundation of His throne.

American Standard Version
Clouds and darkness are round about him: Righteousness and justice are the foundation of his throne.

Contemporary English Version
Dark clouds surround him, and his throne is supported by justice and fairness.

English Revised Version
Clouds and darkness are round about him: righteousness and judgment are the foundation of his throne.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Clouds and darkness surround him. Righteousness and justice are the foundations of his throne.

Good News Translation
Clouds and darkness surround him; he rules with righteousness and justice.

International Standard Version
Thick clouds are all around him; righteousness and justice are his throne's foundation.

Majority Standard Bible
Clouds and darkness surround Him; righteousness and justice are His throne?s foundation.

NET Bible
Dark clouds surround him; equity and justice are the foundation of his throne.

New Heart English Bible
Clouds and darkness are around him. Righteousness and justice are the foundation of his throne.

Webster's Bible Translation
Clouds and darkness surround him: righteousness and judgment are the habitation of his throne.

World English Bible
Clouds and darkness are around him. Righteousness and justice are the foundation of his throne.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
Cloud and darkness [are] around Him, "" Righteousness and judgment the basis of His throne.

Young's Literal Translation
Cloud and darkness are round about Him, Righteousness and judgment the basis of His throne.

Smith's Literal Translation
A cloud and darkness round about him: justice and judgment the preparing of his throne.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
Clouds and darkness are round about him: justice and judgment are the establishment of his throne.

Catholic Public Domain Version
Clouds and mist are all around him. Justice and judgment are corrections from his throne.

New American Bible
Cloud and darkness surround him; justice and right are the foundation of his throne.

New Revised Standard Version
Clouds and thick darkness are all around him; righteousness and justice are the foundation of his throne.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
Clouds and darkness are round about him; righteousness and judgment are the foundation of his throne.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
Clouds and thick darkness surround him; his throne is established in righteousness and in judgment.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
Clouds and darkness are round about Him; Righteousness and justice are the foundation of His throne.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
Cloud, and darkness are round about him; righteousness and judgment are the establishment of his throne.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Let the Earth Rejoice
1The LORD reigns, let the earth rejoice; let the distant shores be glad. 2Clouds and darkness surround Him; righteousness and justice are His throne’s foundation. 3Fire goes before Him and consumes His foes on every side.…

Cross References
Exodus 19:16-18
On the third day, when morning came, there was thunder and lightning. A thick cloud was upon the mountain, and a very loud blast of the ram’s horn went out, so that all the people in the camp trembled. / Then Moses brought the people out of the camp to meet with God, and they stood at the foot of the mountain. / Mount Sinai was completely enveloped in smoke, because the LORD had descended on it in fire. And the smoke rose like the smoke of a furnace, and the whole mountain quaked violently.

1 Kings 8:10-12
And when the priests came out of the Holy Place, the cloud filled the house of the LORD / so that the priests could not stand there to minister because of the cloud. For the glory of the LORD filled the house of the LORD. / Then Solomon declared: “The LORD has said that He would dwell in the thick cloud.

Isaiah 45:7
I form the light and create the darkness; I bring prosperity and create calamity. I, the LORD, do all these things.

Exodus 20:21
And the people stood at a distance as Moses approached the thick darkness where God was.

2 Chronicles 6:1
Then Solomon declared: “The LORD has said that He would dwell in the thick cloud.

Isaiah 60:2
For behold, darkness covers the earth, and thick darkness is over the peoples; but the LORD will rise upon you, and His glory will appear over you.

Job 38:9
when I made the clouds its garment and thick darkness its blanket,

Ezekiel 30:3
For the day is near, the Day of the LORD is near. It will be a day of clouds, a time of doom for the nations.

Joel 2:2
a day of darkness and gloom, a day of clouds and blackness. Like the dawn overspreading the mountains a great and strong army appears, such as never was of old, nor will ever be in ages to come.

Nahum 1:3
The LORD is slow to anger and great in power; the LORD will by no means leave the guilty unpunished. His path is in the whirlwind and storm, and clouds are the dust beneath His feet.

Matthew 24:30
At that time the sign of the Son of Man will appear in heaven, and all the tribes of the earth will mourn. They will see the Son of Man coming on the clouds of heaven with power and great glory.

Revelation 1:7
Behold, He is coming with the clouds, and every eye will see Him—even those who pierced Him. And all the tribes of the earth will mourn because of Him. So shall it be! Amen.

Matthew 17:5
While Peter was still speaking, a bright cloud enveloped them, and a voice from the cloud said, “This is My beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased. Listen to Him!”

Mark 9:7
Then a cloud appeared and enveloped them, and a voice came from the cloud: “This is My beloved Son. Listen to Him!”

Luke 21:27
At that time they will see the Son of Man coming in a cloud with power and great glory.


Treasury of Scripture

Clouds and darkness are round about him: righteousness and judgment are the habitation of his throne.

clouds

Psalm 18:11,12
He made darkness his secret place; his pavilion round about him were dark waters and thick clouds of the skies…

Psalm 77:19
Thy way is in the sea, and thy path in the great waters, and thy footsteps are not known.

Exodus 20:21
And the people stood afar off, and Moses drew near unto the thick darkness where God was.

righteousness

Psalm 45:6,7
Thy throne, O God, is for ever and ever: the sceptre of thy kingdom is a right sceptre…

Psalm 89:14
Justice and judgment are the habitation of thy throne: mercy and truth shall go before thy face.

Psalm 99:4
The king's strength also loveth judgment; thou dost establish equity, thou executest judgment and righteousness in Jacob.

habitation.

Proverbs 16:12
It is an abomination to kings to commit wickedness: for the throne is established by righteousness.

Jump to Previous
Based Basis Cloud Clouds Dark Darkness Foundation Habitation Judging Judgment Justice Kingdom Right Righteousness Round Surround Thick Throne
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Based Basis Cloud Clouds Dark Darkness Foundation Habitation Judging Judgment Justice Kingdom Right Righteousness Round Surround Thick Throne
Psalm 97
1. The majesty of God's kingdom
7. The church rejoices at God's judgments upon idolaters
10. An exhortation to godliness and gladness














Clouds and darkness surround Him;
This phrase evokes the imagery of God's majesty and mystery. In biblical context, clouds often symbolize God's presence and divine glory, as seen in Exodus 19:9, where God descends on Mount Sinai in a thick cloud. Darkness can represent the unknowable aspects of God, emphasizing His transcendence and the awe He inspires. This imagery is consistent with the theophany at Mount Sinai, where God's presence was accompanied by thunder, lightning, and a thick cloud (Exodus 19:16). The use of clouds and darkness also reflects the idea that God's ways and judgments are beyond human understanding, as seen in Job 38:1-2, where God speaks to Job out of a whirlwind.

righteousness and justice are His throne’s foundation.
Righteousness and justice are central attributes of God's character and are foundational to His rule. In the ancient Near Eastern context, a king's throne symbolized his authority and governance. For God, His throne is established on righteousness and justice, indicating that His rule is perfect and fair. This is echoed in Psalm 89:14, which states, "Righteousness and justice are the foundation of Your throne; steadfast love and faithfulness go before You." These attributes are also prophetic of the Messianic reign of Jesus Christ, who embodies perfect righteousness and justice (Isaiah 9:7). The emphasis on these qualities assures believers of God's moral integrity and the ultimate triumph of His just rule over the earth.

Persons / Places / Events
1. God (Yahweh)
The central figure in this verse, depicted as being surrounded by clouds and darkness, symbolizing His majesty and mystery.

2. Throne of God
Represents God's sovereign rule, established on the principles of righteousness and justice.

3. Clouds and Darkness
Symbolic elements that convey the awe-inspiring and sometimes incomprehensible nature of God's presence.
Teaching Points
The Majesty of God
God's presence is often depicted with elements like clouds and darkness, which remind us of His majesty and the reverence due to Him. We should approach God with awe and respect, acknowledging His greatness.

The Mystery of God
The imagery of darkness suggests that there are aspects of God that are beyond human understanding. We must trust in His wisdom and sovereignty, even when we do not fully comprehend His ways.

Righteousness and Justice
These are foundational to God's rule. As believers, we are called to reflect these attributes in our lives, striving to live righteously and uphold justice in our communities.

God's Sovereignty
The throne imagery underscores God's ultimate authority over the universe. We can find comfort in knowing that His rule is perfect and just, even amidst the chaos of the world.(2) Clouds and darkness.--Comp. Psalm 18:10-12. The imagery in the first instance is borrowed from the Theophany at Sinai. (Exodus 19:9; Exodus 19:16; Exodus 20:21; Deuteronomy 4:11; Deuteronomy 5:22-23.) . . . Verse 2. - Clouds and darkness are round about him (comp. Exodus 19:16, 18; Deuteronomy 4:11; Deuteronomy 5:22:1 Kings 8:12). The "darkness" does not belong to the nature of God, who "is Light, and in him is no darkness at all" (1 John 1:5), but to the interrelationship between God and man, in which are involved problems that man cannot solve. Righteousness and judgment are the habitation of his throne; rather, the foundation of his throne - the firm basis on which it is immovably fixed.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
Clouds
עָנָ֣ן (‘ā·nān)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 6051: A cloud, the nimbus, thunder-cloud

and darkness
וַעֲרָפֶ֣ל (wa·‘ă·rā·p̄el)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 6205: Cloud, heavy cloud

surround Him;
סְבִיבָ֑יו (sə·ḇî·ḇāw)
Adverb | third person masculine singular
Strong's 5439: A circle, neighbour, environs, around

righteousness
צֶ֥דֶק (ṣe·ḏeq)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 6664: The right, equity, prosperity

and justice
וּ֝מִשְׁפָּ֗ט (ū·miš·pāṭ)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 4941: A verdict, a sentence, formal decree, divine law, penalty, justice, privilege, style

are His throne’s
כִּסְאֽוֹ׃ (kis·’ōw)
Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 3678: Seat of honor, throne

foundation.
מְכ֣וֹן (mə·ḵō·wn)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 4349: A fixture, a basis, a place, as an abode


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OT Poetry: Psalm 97:2 Clouds and darkness are around him (Psalm Ps Psa.)
Psalm 97:1
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