Lexical Summary proschusis: Pouring out, libation Original Word: προσχύσις Strong's Exhaustive Concordance sprinkling. From a comparative of pros and cheo (to pour); a shedding forth, i.e. Affusion -- sprinkling. see GREEK pros NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Originfrom a comp. of pros and cheó (to pour) Definition a pouring upon NASB Translation sprinkling (1). Thayer's Greek Lexicon STRONGS NT 4378: πρόσχυσιςπρόσχυσις, προσχυσεως, ἡ (προσχέω to pour on), a pouring or sprinkling upon, affusion: τοῦ αἵματος, Hebrews 11:28. (Ecclesiastical writings (e. g. Justin Martyr, Apology 2, 12, p. 50 d.).) Topical Lexicon Definition and Core Idea Strong’s Greek 4378 denotes the ritual “sprinkling” or “application” of blood in a sacrificial context. It conveys an act performed to secure divine protection or covenantal cleansing—never a casual gesture, but a deliberate, faith-filled ministry action that places the worshiper under God’s covering. Old Testament Background 1. Exodus 12:1-13 records Israel’s first Passover, where lamb’s blood was applied to doorposts. The Hebrew verb occurs in the Septuagint as a cognate of 4378, linking the New Testament noun to the foundational act of deliverance. New Testament Usage Hebrews 11:28 is the sole occurrence of 4378 in the Greek New Testament: “By faith he kept the Passover and the sprinkling of the blood, so that the destroyer of the firstborn would not touch their firstborn.” The verse presents Moses’ obedience as faith in action—he trusted God’s word that blood, properly applied, would avert judgment. Passover Typology and Christ’s Sacrifice Scripture consistently portrays the Passover lamb as a type of Christ (John 1:29; 1 Corinthians 5:7). The Hebrews 11 reference to sprinkling stands as a bridge from the Exodus night to Calvary. Believers now trust not in animal blood but in “the precious blood of Christ, a lamb without blemish or spot” (1 Peter 1:19). The once-for-all offering (Hebrews 9:12) fulfills the Passover pattern; the original act of applying blood foreshadows personal appropriation of Christ’s redemptive work. Sprinkling and Covenant Imagery Hebrews develops three layers of sprinkling imagery: Theological Implications 1. Substitutionary Protection – The destroyer passed over households marked by blood. In Christ, judgment passes over those under His atoning sacrifice (Romans 5:9). Pastoral and Ministry Applications • Assurance of Salvation: Teaching on 4378 reassures believers that God honors the application of Christ’s blood, silencing condemnation. Contemporary Relevance In pluralistic cultures, 4378 reminds the church that deliverance from judgment rests on a distinct, divinely prescribed means: faith in the shed blood of God’s chosen Lamb. It calls modern Christians to bold witness, clear proclamation of atonement, and worship that centers on Christ’s sacrifice rather than self-effort. Related Scriptures Exodus 12; Exodus 24:3-8; Leviticus 16; Isaiah 52:15; Ezekiel 36:25-27; Matthew 26:28; John 1:29; Romans 3:25; Hebrews 9:11-28; Hebrews 10:19-22; Hebrews 12:24; 1 Peter 1:2, 18-19; 1 John 1:7 Forms and Transliterations προσεχώρησαν προσχυσιν πρόσχυσιν πρόσχωμα προσχωρήσαι proschusin proschysin próschysinLinks Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel Texts |
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