2560. chamar
Lexicon
chamar: To boil up, ferment, foam

Original Word: חָמַר
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: chamar
Pronunciation: khaw-mar'
Phonetic Spelling: (khaw-mar')
Definition: To boil up, ferment, foam
Meaning: to boil up, to ferment, to glow, to smear with pitch

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance
daub, befoul, be red, trouble

A primitive root; properly, to boil up; hence, to ferment (with scum); to glow (with redness); as denominative (from chemar) to smear with pitch -- daub, befoul, be red, trouble.

see HEBREW chemar

Brown-Driver-Briggs
I. חָמַר verb ferment, boil or foam up (Arabic ferment, leaven, , noun leaven; see LagBN 207); —

Qal Perfect3masculine singular ׳וְיַיִן ח Psalm 75:9 and wine which foams, (others from IV. חמר be red); 3 plural חָֽמְרוּ is suggested by We as possible Habakkuk 3:15 (for ᵑ0 חֹמֶר q. v.) the great waters foamed; Imperfect3masculine plural יֶחֱמוּ יֶחְמְרוּ מֵימָיו Psalm 46:4 let its water roar and foam.

Pe`al`al Perfect passive3plural מֵעַי חֳמַרְמָ֑רוּ Lamentations 1:20 my bowels are in a ferment ("" נֶהְמַּךְ לִבִּי), of distressat calamities of Jerusalem; so חֳמַרְמְרוּ מֵעַי Lamentations 2:11. — Job 16:16 see IV. חמר.

II. [חָמַר] verb denominative cover or smear with asphalt, only

Qal Imperfect3feminine singular suffix וַתַּחְמְרָה Exodus 2:3 (E); on form of suffix see Ges§ 58, 3, R, 1.

III. חמר (√ of following; Late Hebrew חָמַר, heap up; Aramaic חַמֵּר make a ruin-heap; Arabic great mass of stone, heap of stones).

IV. [חמר] verb be red (Arabic II. dye red, redness, reddish brown (apparently skin-colour) so Thes MV BaNB 192 and others) — only

Pe`al`al Perfect passive מָּנַי חֳמַרְמְרֻ֯ה Job 16:16 my face is reddened from weeping. — Lamentations 1:20; Lamentations 2:11 see I. חמר.

Topical Lexicon
Word Origin: A primitive root

Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: G5015 (ταράσσω, tarassō): While not a direct translation, G5015 shares a conceptual link with חָמַר (chamar) in terms of causing agitation or stirring up. In the Greek New Testament, ταράσσω (tarassō) is used to describe the stirring or troubling of waters, emotions, or situations, paralleling the dynamic and transformative nature of חָמַר (chamar).

Usage: The verb חָמַר (chamar) is used in the Hebrew Bible to describe processes such as boiling, fermenting, glowing, and smearing with pitch. It conveys the idea of a substance undergoing a transformation, often involving heat or a change in state.

Context: The Hebrew verb חָמַר (chamar) appears in various contexts within the Old Testament, illustrating its diverse applications. It is often associated with natural processes and human activities that involve transformation or covering.

Boiling/Fermenting: The term is used to describe the process of fermentation, as seen in the making of wine or other substances that undergo a chemical change. This transformation is often linked to the idea of bubbling or boiling up, indicating an active and dynamic process.

Glowing: חָמַר (chamar) can also refer to the glowing or burning of materials, such as metals or other substances exposed to heat. This usage highlights the visual and physical changes that occur when a material is subjected to high temperatures.

Smearing with Pitch: The verb is notably used in the context of construction or sealing, where pitch or bitumen is applied to surfaces to create a waterproof or protective layer. This application is seen in the story of Noah's Ark, where pitch is used to seal the ark's exterior.

In the Berean Standard Bible, the nuances of חָמַר (chamar) are captured in passages that reflect these varied meanings, emphasizing the transformative and protective qualities of the actions described.

Forms and Transliterations
וַתַּחְמְרָ֥ה ותחמרה חֳ֭מַרְמְרוּ חֳמַרְמְר֣וּ חֳמַרְמָ֔רוּ חָמַ֨ר ׀ חמר חמרמרו יֶחְמְר֣וּ יחמרו chaMar chomarMaru Chomarmeru ḥā·mar ḥāmar ḥo·mar·mā·rū ḥo·mar·mə·rū ḥomarmārū ḥomarmərū vattachmeRah wat·taḥ·mə·rāh wattaḥmərāh yechmeRu yeḥ·mə·rū yeḥmərū
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Interlinear GreekInterlinear HebrewStrong's NumbersEnglishman's Greek ConcordanceEnglishman's Hebrew ConcordanceParallel Texts
Englishman's Concordance
Exodus 2:3
HEB: תֵּ֣בַת גֹּ֔מֶא וַתַּחְמְרָ֥ה בַחֵמָ֖ר וּבַזָּ֑פֶת
NAS: basket and covered it over with tar
KJV: of bulrushes, and daubed it with slime
INT: basket A wicker and covered tar and pitch

Job 16:16
HEB: [חֳמַרְמְרָה כ] (חֳ֭מַרְמְרוּ ק) מִנִּי־
NAS: My face is flushed from weeping,
KJV: My face is foul with weeping,
INT: my face daub from weeping

Psalm 46:3
HEB: יֶהֱמ֣וּ יֶחְמְר֣וּ מֵימָ֑יו יִֽרְעֲשֽׁוּ־
NAS: roar [and] foam, Though the mountains
KJV: thereof roar [and] be troubled, [though] the mountains
INT: roar foam waters quake

Psalm 75:8
HEB: יְהוָ֡ה וְיַ֤יִן חָמַ֨ר ׀ מָ֥לֵא מֶסֶךְ֮
NAS: and the wine foams; It is well
KJV: and the wine is red; it is full
INT: of the LORD and the wine foams is well mixed

Lamentations 1:20
HEB: לִי֙ מֵעַ֣י חֳמַרְמָ֔רוּ נֶהְפַּ֤ךְ לִבִּי֙
NAS: My spirit is greatly troubled; My heart
KJV: my bowels are troubled; mine heart
INT: adversary my spirit is greatly is overturned my heart

Lamentations 2:11
HEB: בַדְּמָע֤וֹת עֵינַי֙ חֳמַרְמְר֣וּ מֵעַ֔י נִשְׁפַּ֤ךְ
NAS: My spirit is greatly troubled; My heart
KJV: my bowels are troubled, my liver
INT: of tears my eyes is greatly my spirit is poured

6 Occurrences

Strong's Hebrew 2560
6 Occurrences


ḥā·mar — 1 Occ.
ḥo·mar·mā·rū — 1 Occ.
ḥo·mar·mə·rū — 2 Occ.
wat·taḥ·mə·rāh — 1 Occ.
yeḥ·mə·rū — 1 Occ.















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