4103. mehumah

Lexicon

mehumah: Confusion, tumult, panic, discomfiture

Original Word: מְהוּמָה
Part of Speech: Noun Feminine
Transliteration: mhuwmah
Pronunciation: meh-hoo-mah
Phonetic Spelling: (meh-hoo-maw')
Definition: Confusion, tumult, panic, discomfiture
Meaning: confusion, uproar

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance

destruction, discomfiture, trouble, tumult, vexation, vexed

From huwm; confusion or uproar -- destruction, discomfiture, trouble, tumult, vexation, vexed.

see HEBREW huwm

NAS Exhaustive Concordance

Word Origin
from hum
Definition
tumult, confusion, disquietude, discomfiture
NASB Translation
confusion (5), disturbances (1), panic (2), tumult (1), tumults (1), turmoil (2).

Brown-Driver-Briggs

מְהוּמָה noun feminine tumult, confusion, disquietde, discomfiture — absolute ׳מ Deuteronomy 7:23 7t.; construct מְהוּמַת 1 Samuel 5:11; Ezekiel 22:5; plural absolute מְהוּמוֺת2Chronicles 15:5, מְהוּמֹת Amos 3:9; —

1 tumult, confusion Amos 3:9 ("" עֲשׁוּקִים oppression), disturbance, turmoil (opposed to peace) 2 Chronicles 15:5 ("" verb המם 2 Chronicles 15:6), compare Ezekiel 22:5; disquietude (of mind) Proverbs 15:16; especially tumult & confusion, panic, as due to divine judgment ׳מְהוּמַתיֿ Zechariah 14:13 compare Ezekiel 7:7; also 1 Samuel 5:9 and מְהוּמַת מָוֶת 1 Samuel 5:11.

2 discomfiture, (due to ׳י) in war 1 Samuel 14:20 (compare 1 Samuel 14:15; 1 Samuel 14:22); Deuteronomy 7:23 (accusative of congnate meaning with verb with הום q. v.), Deuteronomy 28:20 ("" מְאֵרָה, מִגְעֶרֶת); compare ׳יוֺם מ 1 Samuel 22:5 ("" מְבוּסָה, מְבוּכָה) a day of discomfiture & down-treading & confusion.

Topical Lexicon

Word Origin: Derived from the root הוּם (hum), which conveys the idea of noise or confusion.

Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: • G684 (ἀπορία, aporia): Refers to a state of perplexity or being at a loss.
• G1611 (ἐκστασις, ekstasis): Denotes a state of amazement or trance, often involving confusion.
• G2298 (θαμβός, thambos): Indicates astonishment or amazement, sometimes with an element of confusion.
• G2351 (θόρυβος, thorybos): Refers to noise, uproar, or tumult.
• G4799 (συγχέω, syncheo): Means to confound or confuse.
• G5016 (ταραχή, tarache): Describes disturbance or trouble, often involving confusion.
• G5017 (ταράσσω, tarasso): To disturb or agitate, leading to confusion or turmoil.

These Greek terms reflect similar themes of confusion and disorder, paralleling the Hebrew concept of מְהוּמָה in various New Testament contexts.

Usage: The word מְהוּמָה appears in various contexts within the Hebrew Bible, often describing situations of panic, confusion, or tumult. It is used to depict both physical uproar and emotional or psychological turmoil.

Context: • מְהוּמָה is a noun feminine in Hebrew, frequently used in the Old Testament to describe chaotic or tumultuous situations. It is often associated with divine intervention where God causes confusion among enemies, leading to their defeat. For example, in 1 Samuel 14:20, the Israelites find the Philistines in a state of confusion, which aids in their victory: "Then Saul and all the troops with him assembled and went to the battle, and indeed every man’s sword was against his neighbor, and there was very great confusion."
• The term also appears in contexts of societal or personal disorder, as seen in Deuteronomy 7:23, where God promises to deliver Israel's enemies into confusion: "But the LORD your God will deliver them over to you, throwing them into great confusion until they are destroyed."
• מְהוּמָה can also describe the emotional state of individuals, as in Job 3:25, where Job speaks of his inner turmoil: "For the thing I feared has overtaken me, and what I dreaded has happened to me."
• The word is used to convey the idea of a divinely induced panic, often leading to the downfall of those who oppose God's people. It underscores the power of God to disrupt the plans of the wicked through confusion and disorder.

Forms and Transliterations

הַמְּהוּמָֽה׃ הַמְּהוּמָה֙ המהומה המהומה׃ וּמְה֥וּמָה ומהומה מְהֽוּמַת־ מְהוּמָ֖ה מְהוּמָ֣ה מְהוּמָ֨ה מְהוּמָה֙ מְהוּמֹ֣ת מְהוּמֹ֤ת מהומה מהומת מהומת־ ham·mə·hū·māh hammehuMah hamməhūmāh mə·hū·māh mə·hū·maṯ- mə·hū·mōṯ mehuMah məhūmāh mehumat məhūmaṯ- mehuMot məhūmōṯ ū·mə·hū·māh umeHumah ūməhūmāh

Englishman's Concordance

Deuteronomy 7:23
HEB: לְפָנֶ֑יךָ וְהָמָם֙ מְהוּמָ֣ה גְדֹלָ֔ה עַ֖ד
NAS: them into great confusion until
KJV: them with a mighty destruction, until they be destroyed.
INT: before break confusion great until

Deuteronomy 28:20
HEB: הַמְּאֵרָ֤ה אֶת־ הַמְּהוּמָה֙ וְאֶת־ הַמִּגְעֶ֔רֶת
NAS: upon you curses, confusion, and rebuke,
KJV: upon thee cursing, vexation, and rebuke,
INT: the LORD curses confusion and rebuke all

1 Samuel 5:9
HEB: יְהוָ֤ה ׀ בָּעִיר֙ מְהוּמָה֙ גְּדוֹלָ֣ה מְאֹ֔ד
NAS: great confusion; and He smote
KJV: great destruction: and he smote
INT: of the LORD the city confusion great very

1 Samuel 5:11
HEB: כִּֽי־ הָיְתָ֤ה מְהֽוּמַת־ מָ֙וֶת֙ בְּכָל־
NAS: For there was a deadly confusion throughout
KJV: for there was a deadly destruction throughout all the city;
INT: for become confusion A deadly throughout

1 Samuel 14:20
HEB: אִישׁ֙ בְּרֵעֵ֔הוּ מְהוּמָ֖ה גְּדוֹלָ֥ה מְאֹֽד׃
NAS: [and there was] very great confusion.
KJV: great discomfiture.
INT: every his fellow confusion great very

2 Chronicles 15:5
HEB: וְלַבָּ֑א כִּ֚י מְהוּמֹ֣ת רַבּ֔וֹת עַ֥ל
NAS: in, for many disturbances afflicted
KJV: but great vexations [were] upon all the inhabitants
INT: came for disturbances many afflicted

Proverbs 15:16
HEB: מֵאוֹצָ֥ר רָ֝֗ב וּמְה֥וּמָה בֽוֹ׃
NAS: great treasure and turmoil with it.
KJV: treasure and trouble therewith.
INT: treasure great and turmoil

Isaiah 22:5
HEB: כִּ֣י יוֹם֩ מְהוּמָ֨ה וּמְבוּסָ֜ה וּמְבוּכָ֗ה
NAS: has a day of panic, subjugation
KJV: For [it is] a day of trouble, and of treading down,
INT: has a day of panic subjugation and confusion

Ezekiel 7:7
HEB: קָר֛וֹב הַיּ֥וֹם מְהוּמָ֖ה וְלֹא־ הֵ֥ד
NAS: is near-- tumult rather than
KJV: the day of trouble [is] near,
INT: is near the day of trouble rather joyful

Ezekiel 22:5
HEB: הַשֵּׁ֔ם רַבַּ֖ת הַמְּהוּמָֽה׃
NAS: repute, full of turmoil.
KJV: [and] much vexed.
INT: repute full of turmoil

Amos 3:9
HEB: שֹׁמְר֔וֹן וּרְא֞וּ מְהוּמֹ֤ת רַבּוֹת֙ בְּתוֹכָ֔הּ
NAS: [the] great tumults within
KJV: the great tumults in the midst
INT: of Samaria and see tumults great within

Zechariah 14:13
HEB: הַה֔וּא תִּֽהְיֶ֧ה מְהֽוּמַת־ יְהוָ֛ה רַבָּ֖ה
NAS: that a great panic from the LORD
KJV: [that] a great tumult from the LORD
INT: he will fall panic the LORD A great

12 Occurrences

Strong's Hebrew 4103
12 Occurrences

ham·mə·hū·māh — 2 Occ.
mə·hū·māh — 5 Occ.
mə·hū·maṯ- — 2 Occ.
mə·hū·mōṯ — 2 Occ.
ū·mə·hū·māh — 1 Occ.