5461. sagan

Lexicon

sagan: Deputy, Governor, Ruler, Official

Original Word: סָגָן
Part of Speech: Noun Masculine
Transliteration: cagan
Pronunciation: sah-GAHN
Phonetic Spelling: (saw-gawn')
Definition: Deputy, Governor, Ruler, Official
Meaning: a prefect of a, province

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance

prince, ruler

From an unused root meaning to superintend; a prefect of a province -- prince, ruler.

NAS Exhaustive Concordance

Word Origin
of foreign origin
Definition
a prefect, ruler
NASB Translation
officials (11), prefects (3), rulers (3).

Brown-Driver-Briggs

[סָגָן, סֶ֫גֶן] noun masculine prefect, ruler (loan-word from Assyrian šaknu, prefect of conquered city or province (√ šakânu, set, appoint Dl^{HWB 659}, compare Schr^{COT Isaiah 41:25}; apparently = Late Hebrew סָגָן, סֶגֶן, Aramaic סִגְנָא a superior (not high) priest; Mandean אשגאנדא WBrandt^{Mand. Schriften 169} a candidate for priesthood; compare Jen in Brandt^ib.; hence perhaps Greek ζωγάνης, compare Lewy^{Fremdw. 129}); — only plural סְגָנִים Ezekiel 23:6 14t.; suffix סְגָנֶיהָ Jeremiah 51:57 + Jeremiah 51:58 (where read probably סְגָנָיו ᵐ5 Gie); —

1 prefects of Assyr. and Babylonian Ezekiel 23:6,12,23; Jeremiah 51:23,57 (all + מַּחוֺת), Isaiah 41:25, of king of Medes Jeremiah 51:28 (+ מַּחוֺת).

2 petty rulers, officials of Judah (only Nehemiah Ezra in sources): distinguished from חֹרִים nobles Nehemiah 2:16; Nehemiah 4:8; Nehemiah 4:13; Nehemiah 5:7; Nehemiah 7:5; alone, Nehemiah 2:16; Nehemiah 12:40; Nehemiah 13:11; + יְהוּדִים Nehemiah 5:17 (see also Nehemiah 2:16); + שָׂרִים Ezra 9:2. compare Biblical Aramaic סְגַן.

Topical Lexicon

Word Origin: Derived from an unused root meaning to superintend.

Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: • G758 (ἄρχων, archōn): A ruler or magistrate, often used in the New Testament to denote leaders or officials.
• G935 (βασιλεύς, basileus): A king or sovereign, indicating the highest level of authority.
• G2233 (ἡγέομαι, hēgeomai): To lead or consider, often used in the context of leadership or governance.
• G4755 (στρατηγός, stratēgos): A military leader or governor, reflecting a role of command and authority.
• G4755 (στρατηγός, stratēgos): Repeated for emphasis on the role of a military or civil leader, highlighting the administrative and authoritative aspects of the position.

The term "sāgān" thus encapsulates the concept of leadership and governance within the biblical narrative, illustrating the structured nature of ancient political systems and the importance of administrative roles in maintaining societal order.

Usage: The term "sāgān" is used in the Hebrew Bible to refer to officials or governors who hold significant authority, often under the rule of a king or higher authority. These individuals are responsible for overseeing various administrative functions within a province or region.

Context: • The term "sāgān" appears in several contexts within the Hebrew Bible, primarily in the books of Daniel, Ezra, and Nehemiah. It denotes a position of authority and governance, often in a provincial or regional capacity.
• In the book of Daniel, "sāgān" is used to describe officials who are summoned by King Nebuchadnezzar to witness the dedication of the golden image (Daniel 3:2-3, BSB). These officials are part of the administrative hierarchy of the Babylonian empire.
• In the post-exilic period, as seen in the books of Ezra and Nehemiah, "sāgān" refers to leaders who play a crucial role in the rebuilding efforts of Jerusalem and the re-establishment of the Jewish community. For example, Nehemiah 2:16 (BSB) mentions the "officials" who were unaware of Nehemiah's plans to rebuild the walls of Jerusalem.
• The role of a "sāgān" is significant in maintaining order and implementing the decrees of higher authorities, reflecting a structured and hierarchical governance system in ancient Near Eastern societies.

Forms and Transliterations

הַסְּגָנִ֔ים הַסְּגָנִ֖ים הַסְּגָנִ֛ים הַסְּגָנִים֙ הסגנים וְהַסְּגָנִ֗ים וְהַסְּגָנִ֜ים וְלַסְּגָנִ֗ים וּסְגָנִ֔ים וּסְגָנִ֤ים וּסְגָנִֽים׃ וּסְגָנִים֙ וּסְגָנֶ֙יהָ֙ והסגנים ולסגנים וסגניה וסגנים וסגנים׃ סְגָנִים֙ סְגָנֶ֑יהָ סגניה סגנים has·sə·ḡā·nîm hassegaNim hassəḡānîm sə·ḡā·ne·hā sə·ḡā·nîm səḡānehā segaNeiha segaNim səḡānîm ū·sə·ḡā·ne·hā ū·sə·ḡā·nîm ūsəḡānehā usegaNeiha usegaNim ūsəḡānîm vehassegaNim velassegaNim wə·has·sə·ḡā·nîm wə·las·sə·ḡā·nîm wəhassəḡānîm wəlassəḡānîm

Englishman's Concordance

Ezra 9:2
HEB: וְיַ֧ד הַשָּׂרִ֣ים וְהַסְּגָנִ֗ים הָ֥יְתָ֛ה בַּמַּ֥עַל
NAS: of the princes and the rulers have been
KJV: of the princes and rulers hath been chief
INT: the hands of the princes and the rulers have been unfaithfulness

Nehemiah 2:16
HEB: וְהַסְּגָנִ֗ים לֹ֤א יָדְעוּ֙
NAS: The officials did not know where
KJV: And the rulers knew
INT: the officials nor know

Nehemiah 2:16
HEB: וְלַכֹּהֲנִ֜ים וְלַחֹרִ֣ים וְלַסְּגָנִ֗ים וּלְיֶ֙תֶר֙ עֹשֵׂ֣ה
NAS: the nobles, the officials or the rest
KJV: nor to the nobles, nor to the rulers, nor to the rest
INT: the priests the nobles the officials the rest did

Nehemiah 4:14
HEB: הַחֹרִ֤ים וְאֶל־ הַסְּגָנִים֙ וְאֶל־ יֶ֣תֶר
NAS: to the nobles, the officials and the rest
KJV: unto the nobles, and to the rulers, and to the rest
INT: the nobles about the officials and to the rest

Nehemiah 4:19
HEB: הַחֹרִ֤ים וְאֶל־ הַסְּגָנִים֙ וְאֶל־ יֶ֣תֶר
NAS: to the nobles, the officials and the rest
KJV: unto the nobles, and to the rulers, and to the rest
INT: the nobles about the officials and to the rest

Nehemiah 5:7
HEB: הַחֹרִ֣ים וְאֶת־ הַסְּגָנִ֔ים וָאֹמְרָ֣ה לָהֶ֔ם
NAS: with the nobles and the rulers and said
KJV: the nobles, and the rulers, and said
INT: and contended the nobles and the rulers and said debt

Nehemiah 5:17
HEB: וְהַיְּהוּדִ֨ים וְהַסְּגָנִ֜ים מֵאָ֧ה וַחֲמִשִּׁ֣ים
NAS: Jews and officials, besides those who came
KJV: of the Jews and rulers, beside those that came
INT: Jews and officials hundred and fifty

Nehemiah 7:5
HEB: הַחֹרִ֧ים וְאֶת־ הַסְּגָנִ֛ים וְאֶת־ הָעָ֖ם
NAS: the nobles, the officials and the people
KJV: the nobles, and the rulers, and the people,
INT: to assemble the nobles the officials and the people to be enrolled

Nehemiah 12:40
HEB: וַאֲנִ֕י וַחֲצִ֥י הַסְּגָנִ֖ים עִמִּֽי׃
NAS: So did I and half of the officials with me;
KJV: and I, and the half of the rulers with me:
INT: I half of the officials with

Nehemiah 13:11
HEB: וָאָרִ֙יבָה֙ אֶת־ הַסְּגָנִ֔ים וָאֹ֣מְרָ֔ה מַדּ֖וּעַ
NAS: So I reprimanded the officials and said,
KJV: Then contended I with the rulers, and said,
INT: reprimanded for the officials and said Why

Isaiah 41:25
HEB: בִשְׁמִ֑י וְיָבֹ֤א סְגָנִים֙ כְּמוֹ־ חֹ֔מֶר
NAS: And he will come upon rulers as [upon] mortar,
KJV: and he shall come upon princes as [upon] morter,
INT: my name will come rulers according to as mortar

Jeremiah 51:23
HEB: בְךָ֔ פַּח֖וֹת וּסְגָנִֽים׃
NAS: governors and prefects.
KJV: captains and rulers.
INT: shatter governors and prefects

Jeremiah 51:28
HEB: וְאֶת־ כָּל־ סְגָנֶ֑יהָ וְאֵ֖ת כָּל־
NAS: and all their prefects, And every
KJV: the captains thereof, and all the rulers thereof, and all the land
INT: their governors and all their prefects and every land

Jeremiah 51:57
HEB: וַחֲכָמֶ֜יהָ פַּחוֹתֶ֤יהָ וּסְגָנֶ֙יהָ֙ וְגִבּוֹרֶ֔יהָ וְיָשְׁנ֥וּ
NAS: Her governors, her prefects and her mighty men,
KJV: [men], her captains, and her rulers, and her mighty men:
INT: wise her governors her prefects mighty may sleep

Ezekiel 23:6
HEB: תְכֵ֙לֶת֙ פַּח֣וֹת וּסְגָנִ֔ים בַּח֥וּרֵי חֶ֖מֶד
NAS: governors and officials, all
KJV: captains and rulers, all of them desirable
INT: purple governors and officials young desirable

Ezekiel 23:12
HEB: עָגָ֜בָה פַּח֨וֹת וּסְגָנִ֤ים קְרֹבִים֙ לְבֻשֵׁ֣י
NAS: governors and officials, the ones near,
KJV: captains and rulers clothed
INT: lusted governors and officials the ones dressed

Ezekiel 23:23
HEB: חֶ֜מֶד פַּח֤וֹת וּסְגָנִים֙ כֻּלָּ֔ם שָֽׁלִשִׁים֙
NAS: governors and officials all
KJV: captains and rulers, great lords
INT: desirable governors and officials all officers

17 Occurrences

Strong's Hebrew 5461
17 Occurrences

has·sə·ḡā·nîm — 6 Occ.
sə·ḡā·ne·hā — 1 Occ.
sə·ḡā·nîm — 1 Occ.
ū·sə·ḡā·ne·hā — 1 Occ.
ū·sə·ḡā·nîm — 4 Occ.
wə·has·sə·ḡā·nîm — 3 Occ.
wə·las·sə·ḡā·nîm — 1 Occ.