7970. sheloshim

Lexical Summary

sheloshim: Thirty

Original Word: שְׁלוֹשִׁים
Part of Speech: Noun Masculine
Transliteration: shlowshiym
Pronunciation: sheh-loh-SHEEM
Phonetic Spelling: (shel-o-sheem')
KJV: thirty, thirtieth
NASB: thirty, 30, thirtieth
Word Origin: [multiple of H7969 (שָׁלוֹשׁ שָׁלוֹשׁ שְׁלוֹשָׁה שְׁלוֹשָׁה - three)]

1. thirty
2. or (ordinal) thirtieth

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance

thirty, thirtieth

Or shloshiym {shel-o-sheem'}; multiple of shalowsh; thirty; or (ordinal) thirtieth -- thirty, thirtieth. Compare shaliysh.

see HEBREW shalowsh

see HEBREW shaliysh

NAS Exhaustive Concordance

Word Origin
from the same as shalosh
Definition
thirty
NASB Translation
1,335* (1), 130* (1), 138* (1), 139* (1), 2,630* (1), 22,034* (1), 232* (1), 3,630* (1), 3,930* (1), 30 (4), 30,000* (5), 30,500* (2), 32* (1), 32,000* (2), 32,200* (2), 32,500* (1), 337,500* (2), 35,400* (2), 36,000* (3), 37,000* (1), 38,000* (1), 43,730* (1), 435* (2), 530* (1), 601,730* (1), 7,337* (2), 730* (1), 736* (2), 832* (1), thirtieth (1), thirty (88), thirty-eight* (1), thirty-eighth* (2), thirty-fifth* (1), thirty-first* (1), thirty-five* (4), thirty-four* (1), thirty-ninth* (3), thirty-one* (3), thirty-second* (2), thirty-seven* (4), thirty-seventh* (3), thirty-six* (1), thirty-sixth* (1), thirty-three* (7), thirty-two* (7).

Brown-Driver-Briggs

שְׁלשִׁים (very seldom שְׁלשִׁפ, שְׁלוֺשִׁים):174

noun indeclinable thirty; —

1 before singular noun: אַמָּה Genesis 6:15 3t., +, with בָּאַמָּה Exodus 26:8 3t.; שָׁנָה 2 Samuel 5:4 12t. (age of paternity, of Levitical or royal duty, etc.), אִישׁ Judges 14:19 3t., etc.; before plural noun בָּנִים Judges 10:4; Judges 12:9, אֲנְשִׁים Jeremiah 38:10 (read here probably שְׁלשָׁהּ Ew Hi Gf and others), less common words Ezekiel 40:17; Ezra 1:9,10, etc.; after plural noun Genesis 32:16, מְּעָמִים ׳שׁ Ezekiel 41:6; אֶלֶף ׳שׁ 1 Chronicles 23:3 +, אֲלָפִים ׳שׁ Ezra 2:35; Nehemiah 7:38; ׳שׁ following units Genesis 11:12 14t., precedes 1 Kings 22:42 29t.; ׳שׁ following 100 (1000, etc.) Genesis 5:5 15t., precedes Genesis 5:3 21t.

2 as ordinal ׳וְאַחַת שָׁנְה לְ שָׁנָה לְ (בִּ) שְׁנַת שׁ 1 Kings 16:23, compare 1 Kings 16:29 4t.; שָׁנְה omitted Nehemiah 5:14 4t.; שְׁנַת omitted 2 Kings 25:27 = Jeremiah 52:31; שָׁנָךְ ׳בִּשׁ alone Ezekiel 1:1. — 1 Samuel 13:5 read שְׁלשֶׁת ᵐ5^L We Dr and others; 2 Samuel 23:13 read שְׁלשָׁה Qr Vrss Th and modern; 1 Chronicles 11:11 read הַשְּׁלשֶׁת, הַשְּׁלשָׁה ᵐ5^L Kit Benz and others (so "" 2 Samuel 23:8 for הַשָּׁלִשִׁי).

Topical Lexicon

Overview

שְׁלֹשִׁים (thirty) appears about one-hundred-seventy-four times in the Hebrew Scriptures. Beyond functioning as a cardinal number, “thirty” repeatedly marks transition, maturity, valuation, and prophetic foreshadowing.

Distribution

Genesis–Deuteronomy: 42

Historical Books: 61

Poetic & Wisdom Books: 12

Major Prophets: 26

Minor Prophets: 33

Thirty as the Number of Maturity and Readiness

• Joseph was “thirty years old when he entered the service of Pharaoh king of Egypt” (Genesis 41:46).
• “David was thirty years old when he began to reign, and he reigned forty years” (2 Samuel 5:4).
• Priestly service began “from thirty years old up to fifty” (Numbers 4:3; 4:23; 4:30). The threshold underscored physical vigor and spiritual preparedness.
• Ezekiel “was thirty years old” when the heavens opened and he received visions of God (Ezekiel 1:1).

Together these texts establish thirty as the biblical age of full strength, qualified leadership, and prophetic commissioning. The New Testament mirrors the pattern when “Jesus Himself was about thirty years old when He began His ministry” (Luke 3:23).

Thirty in Periods of Mourning and Transition

• Israel mourned Moses “thirty days” (Deuteronomy 34:8), and likewise Aaron (Numbers 20:29).

The duration signaled a complete, but not excessive, season of grief before advancing to new stages in the redemptive story.

Thirty in Valuation, Compensation, and Redemption

• The goring of a slave required restitution of “thirty shekels of silver” (Exodus 21:32).
• Zechariah prophetically weighed out “thirty pieces of silver” as the “handsome price” for his shepherd wages (Zechariah 11:12–13). Matthew 26:15 cites the identical sum for Judas’s betrayal, revealing divine foreknowledge and continuity between Testaments.
• Hosea purchased Gomer “for fifteen shekels of silver and a homer and a lethek of barley” (Hosea 3:2)—a total value reckoned at thirty pieces—illustrating redeeming love.

Thirty in Military Contexts

• David’s elite warriors were famed as “The Thirty” (2 Samuel 23:13, 2 Samuel 23:23-24; 1 Chronicles 11:11). Their designation conveys completeness in strength and loyalty around God’s chosen king.
• Gideon’s son Jair “had thirty sons who rode thirty donkeys and controlled thirty towns” (Judges 10:4), and Samson selected “thirty companions” (Judges 14:11), associating the number with organized, though sometimes flawed, martial fellowship.

Thirty in Construction and Measurement

• “The ark shall be three hundred cubits long, fifty cubits wide, and thirty cubits high” (Genesis 6:15), giving the vessel perfect proportions for preservation.
• The tabernacle’s curtains were each “thirty cubits long” (Exodus 26:8), ensuring full coverage of the holy structure.
• Solomon set columns “thirty cubits high” in the temple portico (1 Kings 7:15), a height mirrored in Ezekiel’s visionary temple (Ezekiel 40:14), reflecting stability and splendor.

Thirty in Genealogies and Chronology

Genealogical notices often cite thirty-year increments (Genesis 11:12–14; 46:27), marking generational succession and covenant faithfulness. Several kings reigned thirty or thirty-plus years (e.g., Azariah, Hezekiah), hinting at a divinely governed fullness of time in Israel’s monarchy.

Thirty as Prophetic and Typological Pointer to Christ

The recurring association of thirty with qualification, service, and redemptive payment converges in Jesus: mature at thirty, valued at thirty silver pieces, and surrounded by discipleship imagery reminiscent of David’s Thirty. The harmony underscores Scripture’s unified testimony to the Messiah.

Ministry Implications

1. God appoints seasons of preparation; ministry flourishes after maturity.
2. The Lord places measurable value on human life and redemption—fulfilled supremely in Christ’s atonement.
3. Numbers carry theological weight without promoting numerology; they encourage confidence in Scripture’s precision.

Summary

שְׁלֹשִׁים signifies more than the integer 30. Throughout the Old Testament it consistently marks completeness in service, measurement, mourning, and redemption, culminating in the life and work of Jesus Christ, whose ministry began at thirty and whose betrayal price of thirty silver pieces accomplished God’s sovereign plan of salvation.

Forms and Transliterations

בִּשְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים בִשְׁלֹשִׁ֨ים בַּשְּׁלֹשִׁ֑ים בַּשְּׁלֹשִׁ֖ים בשלשים הַשְּׁלֹשִֽׁים׃ הַשְּׁלֹשִׁ֑ים הַשְּׁלֹשִׁ֖ים הַשְּׁלֹשִׁ֣ים הַשְּׁלוֹשִׁ֗ים הַשְּׁלוֹשִׁ֨ים הַשָּׁ֣לִישִׁ֔ים הַשָּׁלִישִׁים֒ השלושים השלישים השלשים השלשים׃ וּשְׁלֹשִֽׁים׃ וּשְׁלֹשִׁ֑ים וּשְׁלֹשִׁ֖ים וּשְׁלֹשִׁ֛ים וּשְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים וּשְׁלֹשִׁ֤ים וּשְׁלֹשִׁ֥ים וּשְׁלֹשִׁ֨ים וּשְׁלֹשִׁים֙ ושלשים ושלשים׃ כִּשְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים כִּשְׁלֹשִׁ֤ים כִּשְׁלֹשִׁ֥ים כשלשים מֵהַשְּׁלֹשִׁ֣ים מהשלשים שְׁלֹשִֽׁים־ שְׁלֹשִֽׁים׃ שְׁלֹשִׁ֑ים שְׁלֹשִׁ֔ים שְׁלֹשִׁ֖ים שְׁלֹשִׁ֗ים שְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים שְׁלֹשִׁ֤ים שְׁלֹשִׁ֥ים שְׁלֹשִׁ֨ים שְׁלֹשִׁים֙ שְׁלֹשִׁים֩ שְׁלוֹשִֽׁים׃ שְׁלוֹשִׁ֥ים שְׁלוֹשִׁ֨ים שְׁלֹשָׁ֜ה שלושים שלושים׃ שלשה שלשים שלשים־ שלשים׃ baš·šə·lō·šîm bashsheloShim baššəlōšîm biš·lō·šîm ḇiš·lō·šîm bishloShim bišlōšîm ḇišlōšîm haš·šā·lî·šîm haš·šə·lō·šîm haš·šə·lō·wō·šîm hashShaliShim hashsheloShim haššālîšîm haššəlōšîm haššəlōwōšîm kiš·lō·šîm kishloShim kišlōšîm mê·haš·šə·lō·šîm mehashsheloShim mêhaššəlōšîm šə·lō·šāh šə·lō·šîm šə·lō·šîm- šə·lō·wō·šîm šəlōšāh šəlōšîm šəlōšîm- šəlōwōšîm sheloShah sheloShim ū·šə·lō·šîm ūšəlōšîm usheloShim vishloShim

Englishman's Concordance

Genesis 5:3
HEB: וַֽיְחִ֣י אָדָ֗ם שְׁלֹשִׁ֤ים וּמְאַת֙ שָׁנָ֔ה
NAS: one hundred and thirty years,
KJV: an hundred and thirty years,
INT: had lived Adam and thirty hundred years

Genesis 5:5
HEB: מֵאוֹת֙ שָׁנָ֔ה וּשְׁלֹשִׁ֖ים שָׁנָ֑ה וַיָּמֹֽת׃
NAS: hundred and thirty years,
KJV: hundred and thirty years:
INT: hundred years and thirty years died

Genesis 5:16
HEB: אֶת־ יֶ֔רֶד שְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים שָׁנָ֔ה וּשְׁמֹנֶ֥ה
NAS: eight hundred and thirty years after
KJV: hundred and thirty years,
INT: became of Jared and thirty years eight

Genesis 6:15
HEB: אַמָּה֙ רָחְבָּ֔הּ וּשְׁלֹשִׁ֥ים אַמָּ֖ה קוֹמָתָֽהּ׃
NAS: cubits, and its height thirty cubits.
KJV: and the height of it thirty cubits.
INT: cubits breadth thirty cubits height

Genesis 11:12
HEB: חַ֔י חָמֵ֥שׁ וּשְׁלֹשִׁ֖ים שָׁנָ֑ה וַיּ֖וֹלֶד
NAS: lived thirty-five years,
KJV: lived five and thirty years, and begat
INT: lived five and thirty years and became

Genesis 11:14
HEB: וְשֶׁ֥לַח חַ֖י שְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים שָׁנָ֑ה וַיּ֖וֹלֶד
NAS: lived thirty years,
KJV: lived thirty years,
INT: Shelah lived thirty years and became

Genesis 11:16
HEB: עֵ֕בֶר אַרְבַּ֥ע וּשְׁלֹשִׁ֖ים שָׁנָ֑ה וַיּ֖וֹלֶד
NAS: lived thirty-four years,
KJV: lived four and thirty years, and begat
INT: Eber four and thirty years and became

Genesis 11:17
HEB: אֶת־ פֶּ֔לֶג שְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים שָׁנָ֔ה וְאַרְבַּ֥ע
NAS: four hundred and thirty years after
KJV: hundred and thirty years,
INT: became of Peleg and thirty years four

Genesis 11:18
HEB: וַֽיְחִי־ פֶ֖לֶג שְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים שָׁנָ֑ה וַיּ֖וֹלֶד
NAS: lived thirty years,
KJV: lived thirty years,
INT: lived Peleg thirty years and became

Genesis 11:20
HEB: רְע֔וּ שְׁתַּ֥יִם וּשְׁלֹשִׁ֖ים שָׁנָ֑ה וַיּ֖וֹלֶד
NAS: lived thirty-two years,
KJV: lived two and thirty years, and begat
INT: Reu two and thirty years and became

Genesis 11:22
HEB: וַיְחִ֥י שְׂר֖וּג שְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים שָׁנָ֑ה וַיּ֖וֹלֶד
NAS: lived thirty years,
KJV: lived thirty years,
INT: lived Serug thirty years and became

Genesis 18:30
HEB: יִמָּצְא֥וּן שָׁ֖ם שְׁלֹשִׁ֑ים וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ לֹ֣א
NAS: suppose thirty are found
KJV: and I will speak: Peradventure there shall thirty be found
INT: are found there thirty said I will not

Genesis 18:30
HEB: אֶמְצָ֥א שָׁ֖ם שְׁלֹשִֽׁים׃
NAS: [it] if I find thirty there.
KJV: [it], if I find thirty there.
INT: find there thirty

Genesis 25:17
HEB: מְאַ֥ת שָׁנָ֛ה וּשְׁלֹשִׁ֥ים שָׁנָ֖ה וְשֶׁ֣בַע
NAS: one hundred and thirty-seven years;
INT: hundred years thirty years and seven

Genesis 32:15
HEB: מֵינִיק֛וֹת וּבְנֵיהֶ֖ם שְׁלֹשִׁ֑ים פָּר֤וֹת אַרְבָּעִים֙
NAS: thirty milking camels
KJV: Thirty milch camels
INT: milking and their colts thirty cows forty

Genesis 41:46
HEB: וְיוֹסֵף֙ בֶּן־ שְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים שָׁנָ֔ה בְּעָמְד֕וֹ
NAS: Now Joseph was thirty years old
KJV: And Joseph [was] thirty years old
INT: now Joseph old was thirty years stood

Genesis 46:15
HEB: בָּנָ֛יו וּבְנוֹתָ֖יו שְׁלֹשִׁ֥ים וְשָׁלֹֽשׁ׃
NAS: and his daughters [numbered] thirty-three.
KJV: and his daughters [were] thirty and three.
INT: his sons and his daughters thirty and three

Genesis 47:9
HEB: שְׁנֵ֣י מְגוּרַ֔י שְׁלֹשִׁ֥ים וּמְאַ֖ת שָׁנָ֑ה
NAS: are one hundred and thirty; few
KJV: [are] an hundred and thirty years:
INT: the years of my sojourning and thirty hundred the years

Exodus 6:16
HEB: לֵוִ֔י שֶׁ֧בַע וּשְׁלֹשִׁ֛ים וּמְאַ֖ת שָׁנָֽה׃
NAS: was one hundred and thirty-seven years.
KJV: [were] an hundred thirty and seven
INT: of Levi's and seven thirty hundred years

Exodus 6:18
HEB: קְהָ֔ת שָׁלֹ֧שׁ וּשְׁלֹשִׁ֛ים וּמְאַ֖ת שָׁנָֽה׃
NAS: was one hundred and thirty-three years.
KJV: [were] an hundred thirty and three
INT: of Kohath's and three thirty hundred years

Exodus 6:20
HEB: עַמְרָ֔ם שֶׁ֧בַע וּשְׁלֹשִׁ֛ים וּמְאַ֖ת שָׁנָֽה׃
NAS: was one hundred and thirty-seven years.
KJV: [were] an hundred and thirty and seven
INT: of Amram's and seven and thirty hundred years

Exodus 12:40
HEB: יָשְׁב֖וּ בְּמִצְרָ֑יִם שְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים שָׁנָ֔ה וְאַרְבַּ֥ע
NAS: was four hundred and thirty years.
KJV: [was] four hundred and thirty years.
INT: lived Egypt and thirty years was four

Exodus 12:41
HEB: וַיְהִ֗י מִקֵּץ֙ שְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים שָׁנָ֔ה וְאַרְבַּ֥ע
NAS: hundred and thirty years,
KJV: hundred and thirty years,
INT: and at the end and thirty years of four

Exodus 21:32
HEB: אָמָ֑ה כֶּ֣סֶף ׀ שְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים שְׁקָלִ֗ים יִתֵּן֙
NAS: his [or her] master thirty shekels
KJV: unto their master thirty shekels
INT: female of silver thirty shekels shall give

Exodus 26:8
HEB: הַיְרִיעָ֣ה הָֽאַחַ֗ת שְׁלֹשִׁים֙ בָּֽאַמָּ֔ה וְרֹ֙חַב֙
NAS: curtain [shall be] thirty cubits,
KJV: curtain [shall be] thirty cubits,
INT: curtain of each thirty cubits and the width

174 Occurrences

Strong's Hebrew 7970
174 Occurrences

baš·šə·lō·šîm — 2 Occ.
biš·lō·šîm — 1 Occ.
haš·šā·lî·šîm — 2 Occ.
haš·šə·lō·šîm — 6 Occ.
kiš·lō·šîm — 4 Occ.
mê·haš·šə·lō·šîm — 1 Occ.
šə·lō·šāh — 1 Occ.
šə·lō·šîm — 107 Occ.
ū·šə·lō·šîm — 48 Occ.
ḇiš·lō·šîm — 2 Occ.