Numbers 33:40
New International Version
The Canaanite king of Arad, who lived in the Negev of Canaan, heard that the Israelites were coming.

New Living Translation
At that time the Canaanite king of Arad, who lived in the Negev in the land of Canaan, heard that the people of Israel were approaching his land.

English Standard Version
And the Canaanite, the king of Arad, who lived in the Negeb in the land of Canaan, heard of the coming of the people of Israel.

Berean Standard Bible
Now the Canaanite king of Arad, who lived in the Negev in the land of Canaan, heard that the Israelites were coming.

King James Bible
And king Arad the Canaanite, which dwelt in the south in the land of Canaan, heard of the coming of the children of Israel.

New King James Version
Now the king of Arad, the Canaanite, who dwelt in the South in the land of Canaan, heard of the coming of the children of Israel.

New American Standard Bible
Now the Canaanite, the king of Arad who lived in the Negev in the land of Canaan, heard about the coming of the sons of Israel.

NASB 1995
Now the Canaanite, the king of Arad who lived in the Negev in the land of Canaan, heard of the coming of the sons of Israel.

NASB 1977
Now the Canaanite, the king of Arad who lived in the Negev in the land of Canaan, heard of the coming of the sons of Israel.

Legacy Standard Bible
Now the Canaanite, the king of Arad who lived in the Negev in the land of Canaan, heard when the sons of Israel were coming.

Amplified Bible
The Canaanite king of Arad, who lived in the Negev (the South country) in the land of Canaan, heard that the sons of Israel were coming.

Christian Standard Bible
At that time the Canaanite king of Arad, who lived in the Negev in the land of Canaan, heard the Israelites were coming.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
At that time the Canaanite king of Arad, who lived in the Negev in the land of Canaan, heard the Israelites were coming.

American Standard Version
And the Canaanite, the king of Arad, who dwelt in the South in the land of Canaan, heard of the coming of the children of Israel.

Contemporary English Version
It was then that the Canaanite king of Arad, who lived in the Southern Desert of Canaan, heard that Israel was headed that way.

English Revised Version
And the Canaanite, the king of Arad, which dwelt in the South in the land of Canaan, heard of the coming of the children of Israel.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
(The Canaanite king of Arad, who lived in the Negev, which was in Canaan, heard that the Israelites were coming.)

Good News Translation
The king of Arad in southern Canaan heard that the Israelites were coming.

International Standard Version
Meanwhile, the Canaanite king of Arad, who lived in the Negev in the land of Canaan, heard of the approach of the Israelis,

Majority Standard Bible
Now the Canaanite king of Arad, who lived in the Negev in the land of Canaan, heard that the Israelites were coming.

NET Bible
The king of Arad, the Canaanite king who lived in the south of the land of Canaan, heard about the approach of the Israelites.

New Heart English Bible
The Canaanite, the king of Arad, who lived in the Negev in the land of Canaan, heard of the coming of the children of Israel.

Webster's Bible Translation
And king Arad the Canaanite who dwelt in the south in the land of Canaan, heard of the coming of the children of Israel.

World English Bible
The Canaanite king of Arad, who lived in the South in the land of Canaan, heard of the coming of the children of Israel.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And the Canaanite, king of Arad, who is dwelling in the south in the land of Canaan, hears of the coming of the sons of Israel.

Young's Literal Translation
And the Canaanite -- king Arad -- who is dwelling in the south, in the land of Canaan, heareth of the coming of the sons of Israel.

Smith's Literal Translation
And the Canaanite, king Arad, will hear, and he will dwell in the south in the land Canaan, in the coming of the sons of Israel.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And king Arad the Chanaanite, who dwelt towards the south, heard that the children of Israel were come to the land of Chanaan.

Catholic Public Domain Version
And king Arad the Canaanite, who lived toward the south, heard that the sons of Israel had arrived in the land of Canaan.

New American Bible
When the Canaanite, the king of Arad, who ruled over the Negeb in the land of Canaan, heard that the Israelites were coming. . ..

New Revised Standard Version
The Canaanite, the king of Arad, who lived in the Negeb in the land of Canaan, heard of the coming of the Israelites.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And the king of Gadar the Canaanite, who dwelt in the south in the land of Canaan, heard of the coming of the children of Israel.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And the Canaanite King of Gadar who dwelt in the south in the land of Canaan heard when the children of Israel came.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
And the Canaanite, the king of Arad, who dwelt in the South in the land of Canaan, heard of the coming of the children of Israel.--

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And Arad the Chananitish king (he too dwelt in the land of Chanaan) having heard when the children of Israel were entering the land -

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Forty-Two Journeys of the Israelites
39Aaron was 123 years old when he died on Mount Hor. 40Now the Canaanite king of Arad, who lived in the Negev in the land of Canaan, heard that the Israelites were coming. 41And the Israelites set out from Mount Hor and camped at Zalmonah.…

Cross References
Joshua 12:7-8
And these are the kings of the land that Joshua and the Israelites conquered beyond the Jordan to the west, from Baal-gad in the Valley of Lebanon to Mount Halak, which rises toward Seir (according to the allotments to the tribes of Israel, Joshua gave them as an inheritance / the hill country, the foothills, the Arabah, the slopes, the wilderness, and the Negev—the lands of the Hittites, Amorites, Canaanites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites):

Deuteronomy 2:24-25
“Arise, set out, and cross the Arnon Valley. See, I have delivered into your hand Sihon the Amorite, king of Heshbon, and his land. Begin to take possession of it and engage him in battle. / This very day I will begin to put the dread and fear of you upon all the nations under heaven. They will hear the reports of you and tremble in anguish because of you.”

Joshua 13:21
all the cities of the plateau and all the kingdom of Sihon king of the Amorites, who reigned in Heshbon until Moses killed him and the chiefs of Midian (Evi, Rekem, Zur, Hur, and Reba), the princes of Sihon who lived in the land.

Deuteronomy 3:1-3
Then we turned and went up the road to Bashan, and Og king of Bashan and his whole army came out to meet us in battle at Edrei. / But the LORD said to me, “Do not fear him, for I have delivered him into your hand, along with all his people and his land. Do to him as you did to Sihon king of the Amorites, who lived in Heshbon.” / So the LORD our God also delivered Og king of Bashan and his whole army into our hands. We struck them down until no survivor was left.

Joshua 24:8
Later, I brought you to the land of the Amorites who lived beyond the Jordan. They fought against you, but I delivered them into your hand, that you should possess their land when I destroyed them before you.

Judges 11:19-21
And Israel sent messengers to Sihon king of the Amorites, who ruled in Heshbon, and said to him, ‘Please let us pass through your land into our own place.’ / But Sihon would not trust Israel to pass through his territory. So he gathered all his people, encamped in Jahaz, and fought with Israel. / Then the LORD, the God of Israel, delivered Sihon and all his people into the hand of Israel, who defeated them. So Israel took possession of all the land of the Amorites who inhabited that country,

Deuteronomy 2:32-33
So Sihon and his whole army came out for battle against us at Jahaz. / And the LORD our God delivered him over to us, and we defeated him and his sons and his whole army.

Joshua 2:9-11
and said to them, “I know that the LORD has given you this land and that the fear of you has fallen on us, so that all who dwell in the land are melting in fear of you. / For we have heard how the LORD dried up the waters of the Red Sea before you when you came out of Egypt, and what you did to Sihon and Og, the two kings of the Amorites across the Jordan, whom you devoted to destruction. / When we heard this, our hearts melted and everyone’s courage failed because of you, for the LORD your God is God in the heavens above and on the earth below.

Joshua 9:1-2
Now when news of this reached all the kings west of the Jordan—those in the hill country, the foothills, and all along the coast of the Great Sea toward Lebanon (the Hittites, Amorites, Canaanites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites)— / they came together to wage war against Joshua and Israel.

Joshua 11:1-5
Now when Jabin king of Hazor heard about these things, he sent word to Jobab king of Madon; to the kings of Shimron and Achshaph; / to the kings of the north in the mountains, in the Arabah south of Chinnereth, in the foothills, and in Naphoth-dor to the west; / to the Canaanites in the east and west; to the Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, and Jebusites in the hill country; and to the Hivites at the foot of Hermon in the land of Mizpah. ...

Psalm 83:6-8
the tents of Edom and the Ishmaelites, of Moab and the Hagrites, / of Gebal, Ammon, and Amalek, of Philistia with the people of Tyre. / Even Assyria has joined them, lending strength to the sons of Lot. Selah

Amos 2:9-10
Yet it was I who destroyed the Amorite before them, though his height was like that of the cedars, and he was as strong as the oaks. Yet I destroyed his fruit above and his roots below. / And I brought you up from the land of Egypt and led you forty years in the wilderness, that you might take possession of the land of the Amorite.

1 Kings 4:19
Geber son of Uri in the land of Gilead, including the territories of Sihon king of the Amorites and of Og king of Bashan. There was also one governor in the land of Judah.

1 Chronicles 5:11
The descendants of Gad lived next to the Reubenites in the land of Bashan, as far as Salecah:

1 Chronicles 5:23
Now the people of the half-tribe of Manasseh were numerous. They settled in the land from Bashan to Baal-hermon (that is, Senir, also known as Mount Hermon).


Treasury of Scripture

And king Arad the Canaanite, which dwelled in the south in the land of Canaan, heard of the coming of the children of Israel.

Numbers 21:1-3
And when king Arad the Canaanite, which dwelt in the south, heard tell that Israel came by the way of the spies; then he fought against Israel, and took some of them prisoners…

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Numbers 33
1. The forty-two journeys of the Israelites
50. The Canaanites are to be destroyed














Now
The use of "Now" serves as a transitional word, indicating a shift in the narrative. It connects the previous events with the current situation, emphasizing the continuity of God's unfolding plan for the Israelites. This word reminds us of the ever-present nature of God's guidance and the unfolding of His divine will in the lives of His people.

the Canaanite king of Arad
The "Canaanite king of Arad" refers to a specific ruler among the Canaanites, a group of people inhabiting the land promised to the Israelites. The Canaanites were known for their fortified cities and advanced culture. Arad was a city located in the southern part of Canaan. The mention of this king highlights the opposition and challenges the Israelites faced as they journeyed towards the Promised Land. It serves as a reminder of the spiritual battles believers face and the need for reliance on God's strength.

who lived in the Negev
The "Negev" is a desert region in the southern part of modern-day Israel. It was a significant area during the Israelites' journey, representing both physical and spiritual challenges. The harsh conditions of the Negev symbolize the trials and testing of faith that believers may encounter. Yet, it is also a place where God's provision and faithfulness are demonstrated, as He sustains His people through difficult times.

heard
The word "heard" indicates that the king of Arad was informed about the movements of the Israelites. This suggests the widespread reputation of the Israelites and the fear they instilled in the surrounding nations due to God's mighty acts on their behalf. It underscores the importance of testimony and the impact of God's work in the lives of His people, which can influence and challenge those who oppose His purposes.

that the Israelites were coming
The phrase "that the Israelites were coming" signifies the approach of God's chosen people towards the land He promised them. It highlights the fulfillment of God's covenant and the forward momentum of His divine plan. The Israelites' journey is a powerful metaphor for the Christian walk, moving towards the promises of God with faith and obedience. It serves as an encouragement to believers to persevere in their spiritual journey, trusting in God's promises and His ultimate victory.

(40) And King Arad . . . --See Numbers 21:1, and Note.

Verse 40. - And king Arad... heard of the coming. See on chapter Numbers 21:1. The introduction of this notice, for which there seems no motive, and which has no assignable connection with the context, is extremely perplexing. It is not simply a fragment which has slipped in by what we call accident (like Deuteronomy 10:6, 7), for the longer statement in chapter Numbers 21:1-3 occupies the same position in the historical narrative immediately after the death of Aaron. It is difficult to suppose that Moses wrote this verse and left it as it stands; it would rather seem as if a later hand had begun to copy out a statement from some earlier document - in which it had itself perhaps become misplaced - and had not gone on with it.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
Now the Canaanite
הַֽכְּנַעֲנִי֙ (hak·kə·na·‘ă·nî)
Article | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3669: Canaanite -- inhabitant of Canaan

king
מֶ֣לֶךְ (me·leḵ)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 4428: A king

of Arad,
עֲרָ֔ד (‘ă·rāḏ)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 6166: Arad -- a Canaanite city in the Negev

who lived
יֹשֵׁ֥ב (yō·šêḇ)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 3427: To sit down, to dwell, to remain, to settle, to marry

in the Negev
בַּנֶּ֖גֶב (ban·ne·ḡeḇ)
Preposition-b, Article | Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 5045: South country, the Negeb, south

in the land
בְּאֶ֣רֶץ (bə·’e·reṣ)
Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct
Strong's 776: Earth, land

of Canaan,
כְּנָ֑עַן (kə·nā·‘an)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3667: Canaan -- a son of Ham, also his descendants and their land West of the Jordan

heard
וַיִּשְׁמַ֗ע (way·yiš·ma‘)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 8085: To hear intelligently

that the Israelites
בְּנֵ֥י (bə·nê)
Noun - masculine plural construct
Strong's 1121: A son

were coming.
בְּבֹ֖א (bə·ḇō)
Preposition-b | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct
Strong's 935: To come in, come, go in, go


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OT Law: Numbers 33:40 The Canaanite the king of Arad who (Nu Num.)
Numbers 33:39
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