For this command
The Hebrew word for "command" is "מִצְוָה" (mitzvah), which often refers to a directive or ordinance given by God. In the context of Proverbs, it emphasizes the divine authority and moral obligation inherent in God's instructions. The "command" serves as a guiding principle, much like a lamp that illuminates the path of righteousness. Historically, the Jewish tradition holds the mitzvot in high regard, seeing them as essential to living a life that is pleasing to God.

is a lamp
The imagery of a "lamp" in ancient times is significant, as lamps were essential for providing light in the darkness. The Hebrew word "נֵר" (ner) is used here, symbolizing guidance and clarity. In a spiritual sense, the "lamp" represents the wisdom and insight that God's commandments provide, helping believers navigate the moral complexities of life. The lamp metaphor is also found in Psalm 119:105, reinforcing the idea that God's word is a source of illumination and direction.

this teaching
The term "teaching" is translated from the Hebrew "תּוֹרָה" (torah), which can mean law, instruction, or doctrine. In the broader biblical context, Torah refers to the first five books of the Bible, but here it signifies the broader scope of divine instruction. This teaching is not merely academic but is intended to transform the heart and mind, aligning the believer's life with God's will.

is a light
The word "light" in Hebrew is "אוֹר" (or), which conveys the idea of enlightenment and truth. Light dispels darkness, symbolizing the clarity and understanding that comes from adhering to God's teachings. In the New Testament, Jesus is referred to as the "light of the world" (John 8:12), drawing a parallel between the wisdom of Proverbs and the revelation of Christ.

and correction and instruction
The Hebrew words for "correction" (תּוֹכַחַת, tokhahat) and "instruction" (מוּסָר, musar) suggest discipline and guidance. Correction implies a redirection from error, while instruction involves teaching and training in righteousness. Together, they form a comprehensive approach to spiritual growth, emphasizing the importance of both learning and applying God's principles.

are the way to life
The phrase "the way to life" underscores the ultimate goal of following God's commandments and teachings. The Hebrew word for "way" is "דֶּרֶךְ" (derekh), which can mean path or journey. This suggests that living according to God's wisdom is not a static state but an ongoing journey toward spiritual vitality and eternal life. In the New Testament, Jesus refers to Himself as "the way, the truth, and the life" (John 14:6), indicating that the path to life is found in Him.

(23) For the commandment is a lamp . . .--Comp. Psalm 19:8, and Psalm 119:98-100; Psalm 119:104-105. The servant of God may often feel much perplexity as to his duty, darkness may seem to have settled down upon his path. But there is always some "commandment," or positive order, about which he can have no doubt, calling for his immediate obedience; there is always some "law," or rather "instruction" in God's Word offering itself as his guide; there are always some "reproofs of discipline," that is, he knows he has certain things to shun, others to follow, for the purpose of self-discipline. It is by following out these parts of his duty that he does know, which are, as it were, a "light shining in a dark place "(2Peter 1:19), that man prepares himself for more light and clearer vision; then God "opens his eyes" that he may "behold wondrous things out of His law" (Psalm 119:18); because he has some knowledge of God's will and desire to do it, more is given unto him (Matthew 13:12), and his path becomes continually clearer, shining "more and more unto the perfect day" (Proverbs 4:18). . . . Verse 23. - For the commandment is a lamp; and the law is light. The teacher takes up the words "commandment" (Hebrew, mitzrah) and "law" (Hebrew, torah) from ver. 20, which he describes respectively as "a lamp" and "light" The "commandment" is any special or particular commandment which harmonizes with God's will, and commands what is to be done and forbids what is to be left undone. The "law" is the whole law of God in its entirety; not here the Law of Moses technically, but the whole system of generalized instruction; They stand, therefore, in the same relation to each other as "a lamp" and "light," the one being particular, and the other general. "Light" (Hebrew, or) is light in general, as the light of the day and the sun, while "a lamp" (Hebrew, ner, from nur, "to shine) is a particular light like that of a candle, which is enkindled at some other source. The "commandment" and the "law" alike enlighten the conscience and enable one to walk in his way of life. On this passage Le Clerc remarks, "Ut in tenebris lucerna, aut fax ostendit nobis, qua eundam sit: in ignorantiae humanae caligine, quae nos per hanc totam vitam cingit, revelatio divina nos docet, quid sit faciendum, quid vitandum." So the psalmist says in Psalm 19:8, "The commandment of the Lord is pure, enlightening the eyes;" and again in Psalm 119:105, "Thy Word is a lamp unto my feet, and a light unto my path;" i.e. they direct and show the true way of faith and life (Gejerus). The "commandment" and the "law" may stand for the whole revelation of God without reference to any particular precept (as Scott), but they have here a specific bearing on a particular form of human conduct, as appears from the following verses. And reproofs of instruction are the way of life. Reproofs of instruction; Hebrew, tok'khoth musar, disciplinary reproofs, i.e. reproofs whose object is the discipline of the soul and the moral elevation of the character. The LXX. reads, καὶ ἔλεγχος καὶ παιδεία; thus connecting it with education in its highest sense. Such reproofs are a way of life (Hebrew, derek khayyim), i.e. they lead to life; they conduce to the prolongation of life. This view of the subject, so prominent in the mind of the teacher in other passages (cf. Proverbs 3:2 and 19), must not be lost sight of, though the words are susceptible of another interpretation, as indicating that the severest reproofs, inasmuch as they correct errors and require obedience, conduce to the greatest happiness (Patrick). Or again, it may mean that disciplinary reproofs are necessary to life. The soul to arrive at perfection must undergo them as part of the conditions of its existence, and, consequently, they are to be submitted to with the consciousness that, however irksome they may be, they are imposed for its eventual benefit (cf. Hebrews 12:5). But this interpretation is unlikely from what follows.

Parallel Commentaries ...


For
כִּ֤י (kî)
Conjunction
Strong's 3588: A relative conjunction

this commandment
מִ֭צְוָה (miṣ·wāh)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 4687: Commandment

is a lamp,
נֵ֣ר (nêr)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 5216: A lamp, light

this teaching
וְת֣וֹרָה (wə·ṯō·w·rāh)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 8451: Direction, instruction, law

[is] a light,
א֑וֹר (’ō·wr)
Noun - common singular
Strong's 216: Illumination, luminary

and the reproofs
תּוֹכְח֥וֹת (tō·wḵ·ḥō·wṯ)
Noun - feminine plural construct
Strong's 8433: Chastisement, correction, refutation, proof

of discipline
מוּסָֽר׃ (mū·sār)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 4148: Chastisement, reproof, warning, instruction, restraint

are the way
וְדֶ֥רֶךְ (wə·ḏe·reḵ)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - common singular construct
Strong's 1870: A road, a course of life, mode of action

to life,
חַ֝יִּ֗ים (ḥay·yîm)
Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 2416: Alive, raw, fresh, strong, life


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OT Poetry: Proverbs 6:23 For the commandment is a lamp (Prov. Pro Pr)