1 Chronicles 2:48
Caleb's concubine Maacah was the mother of Sheber and Tirhanah.
Caleb’s concubine Maacah
In the genealogies of 1 Chronicles, Caleb is a prominent figure, known for his faithfulness and courage as one of the two spies who trusted in God's promise to give Israel the land of Canaan (Numbers 13-14). The mention of a concubine, Maacah, reflects the cultural practices of the time, where concubinage was a socially accepted means of expanding one's family line. Maacah, a common name in the Old Testament, may indicate a woman of Aramean or Canaanite origin, as the name appears in various contexts associated with these groups (2 Samuel 3:3, 1 Kings 15:2). This highlights the diverse ethnic backgrounds present in Israel's history.

was the mother of Sheber and Tirhanah
The genealogical records in Chronicles serve to establish the lineage and tribal affiliations of the Israelites. Sheber and Tirhanah, though not widely mentioned elsewhere in the Bible, are part of Caleb's extended family, contributing to the understanding of the clan's growth and influence. The inclusion of these names underscores the importance of family heritage and the fulfillment of God's promise to multiply Abraham's descendants (Genesis 22:17). The chronicler's focus on genealogy emphasizes the continuity of God's covenant with His people through successive generations.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Caleb
A prominent figure in the tribe of Judah, known for his faithfulness and courage. He was one of the twelve spies sent by Moses to explore Canaan and later received Hebron as his inheritance.

2. Maacah
A concubine of Caleb. In the context of ancient Israel, concubines were women who had a recognized relationship with a man but held a lower status than a wife.

3. Sheber
A son of Caleb and Maacah. Little is known about him beyond his mention in this genealogical record.

4. Tirhanah
Another child of Caleb and Maacah. Like Sheber, Tirhanah is primarily known through this genealogical listing.
Teaching Points
Faithfulness in the Midst of Challenges
Caleb's life exemplifies steadfast faith and trust in God, even when faced with opposition. Believers are encouraged to remain faithful to God's promises, regardless of circumstances.

The Role of Genealogies in Scripture
Genealogies, like the one in 1 Chronicles, serve to connect individuals to God's larger account. They remind us of God's faithfulness across generations and His attention to each person's role in His plan.

Understanding Biblical Relationships
The mention of concubines in the Bible reflects cultural practices of the time. It's important to understand these relationships within their historical context while recognizing the dignity and value of all individuals in God's eyes.

God's Sovereignty in Family Lines
The inclusion of various family members, regardless of their status, in biblical genealogies underscores God's sovereignty and His ability to work through all people to accomplish His purposes.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does Caleb's faithfulness in the face of adversity inspire you in your own walk with God?

2. What can we learn from the genealogical records in the Bible about God's faithfulness to His promises?

3. How do the roles and relationships described in the Bible, such as those of concubines, inform our understanding of God's view of human dignity and worth?

4. In what ways can you see God's sovereignty at work in your own family history or personal life?

5. How can the account of Caleb and his descendants encourage you to trust in God's promises, even when the fulfillment seems distant?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Numbers 13-14
These chapters provide the background of Caleb's faithfulness when he, along with Joshua, brought back a positive report from the land of Canaan, demonstrating his trust in God's promises.

Joshua 14:6-15
This passage highlights Caleb's inheritance of Hebron, emphasizing his unwavering faith and the fulfillment of God's promise to him.

Genesis 16
The account of Hagar, another concubine, provides context for understanding the role and status of concubines in biblical times.
The Human FamilyW. Clarkson 1 Chronicles 2:1-55
On the Genealogical TablesR. Glover 1 Chronicles 1-6
GenealogiesJ.R. Thomson 1 Chronicles 1-9
People
Abiah, Abigail, Abihail, Abijah, Abinadab, Abishai, Abishur, Achan, Achar, Achsa, Achsah, Ahban, Ahijah, Ahlai, Amasa, Amminadab, Appaim, Aram, Ardon, Asahel, Asher, Ashur, Atarah, Attai, Azariah, Azubah, Bathshua, Benjamin, Bezaleel, Boaz, Bunah, Calcol, Caleb, Carmi, Chelubai, Dan, Dara, Darda, David, Eker, Elasah, Eleasah, Eliab, Elishama, Ephah, Ephlal, Ephratah, Ephrath, Er, Eshtaolites, Eshtaulites, Ethan, Gad, Gazez, Gesham, Geshem, Hamul, Haran, Hareph, Haroeh, Hazi-hammana-hethites, Helez, Heman, Hemath, Hezron, Hur, Ishi, Issachar, Ithrites, Jabez, Jada, Jahdai, Jair, Jamin, Jarha, Jehu, Jekamiah, Jerahmeel, Jerioth, Jesher, Jesse, Jether, Jithrites, Joab, Jonathan, Joseph, Jotham, Kenites, Korah, Levi, Maacah, Maachah, Maaz, Machir, Manahathites, Manahethites, Maon, Menahethites, Mesha, Mishraites, Molid, Moza, Nadab, Nahshon, Naphtali, Nathan, Nethaneel, Netophathites, Obed, Onam, Onan, Oren, Ozem, Pelet, Peleth, Perez, Pharez, Puhites, Puthites, Raddai, Raham, Rechab, Regem, Rekem, Reuben, Salma, Salmon, Segub, Seled, Shaaph, Shallum, Shammai, Sheber, Shelah, Shema, Sheshan, Sheva, Shimea, Shimeathites, Shimma, Shobab, Shobal, Shua, Shumathites, Simeon, Sisamai, Sucathites, Suchathites, Tamar, Tappuah, Tirathites, Tireathites, Tirhanah, Uri, Zabad, Zareathites, Zaza, Zebulun, Zerah, Zereathites, Zeruiah, Zimri, Zorathites, Zoreathites, Zorites, Zur
Places
Aram, Edom, Geshur, Gilead, Hammath, Havvoth-jair, Jabez, Kenath
Topics
Bare, Bore, Caleb, Caleb's, Concubine, Maacah, Ma'acah, Maachah, Servant-wife, Sheber, Tirhanah, Tir'hanah
Dictionary of Bible Themes
1 Chronicles 2:46-48

     5672   concubines

Library
Canaan
Canaan was the inheritance which the Israelites won for themselves by the sword. Their ancestors had already settled in it in patriarchal days. Abraham "the Hebrew" from Babylonia had bought in it a burying-place near Hebron; Jacob had purchased a field near Shechem, where he could water his flocks from his own spring. It was the "Promised Land" to which the serfs of the Pharaoh in Goshen looked forward when they should again become free men and find a new home for themselves. Canaan had ever been
Archibald Sayce—Early Israel and the Surrounding Nations

The Quotation in Matt. Ii. 6.
Several interpreters, Paulus especially, have asserted that the interpretation of Micah which is here given, was that of the Sanhedrim only, and not of the Evangelist, who merely recorded what happened and was said. But this assertion is at once refuted when we consider the object which Matthew has in view in his entire representation of the early life of Jesus. His object in recording the early life of Jesus is not like that of Luke, viz., to communicate historical information to his readers.
Ernst Wilhelm Hengstenberg—Christology of the Old Testament

Chronicles
The comparative indifference with which Chronicles is regarded in modern times by all but professional scholars seems to have been shared by the ancient Jewish church. Though written by the same hand as wrote Ezra-Nehemiah, and forming, together with these books, a continuous history of Judah, it is placed after them in the Hebrew Bible, of which it forms the concluding book; and this no doubt points to the fact that it attained canonical distinction later than they. Nor is this unnatural. The book
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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