The title "King of Bela" refers to the ruler of the city of Bela, which is also known as Zoar. This city is mentioned in the context of the narrative of the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah in the Book of Genesis. Bela is one of the five cities of the plain, often referred to as the "cities of the plain" or "Pentapolis," which included Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah, Zeboiim, and Bela (Zoar).

Biblical References:

1. Genesis 14:2 · The first mention of Bela is in the context of the war of the kings. "These kings went to war against Bera king of Sodom, Birsha king of Gomorrah, Shinab king of Admah, Shemeber king of Zeboiim, and the king of Bela (that is, Zoar)." This passage highlights the political alliances and conflicts in the region during the time of Abraham. The king of Bela is listed among the coalition of kings who rebelled against Chedorlaomer, king of Elam.

2. Genesis 19:20-22 · The city of Bela, later called Zoar, is significant in the narrative of Lot's escape from the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah. Lot pleads with the angels to allow him to flee to this small city for refuge. "Look, this town is near enough for me to flee to, and it is small. Let me flee there—is it not a small place? Then my life will be saved." The angels grant his request, and the city is spared from destruction, underscoring its role as a place of refuge.

Historical and Theological Context:

The city of Bela, or Zoar, holds a unique place in biblical history as a city that was spared from the divine judgment that befell its neighboring cities. The sparing of Zoar is often seen as a testament to God's mercy and willingness to preserve the righteous, as Lot and his daughters found refuge there. The narrative underscores the themes of judgment and mercy, illustrating the consequences of sin while also highlighting God's provision for those who seek His protection.

The identity of the king of Bela is not detailed in the biblical text, and his name remains unknown. However, his inclusion in the list of kings in Genesis 14 suggests that Bela was a recognized city-state with its own governance and political significance during the patriarchal period.

Archaeological and Geographical Considerations:

The exact location of ancient Bela/Zoar is a subject of debate among scholars and archaeologists. Traditionally, it is thought to have been situated near the southern end of the Dead Sea. The region's geography, characterized by its proximity to the Dead Sea and its arid climate, aligns with the biblical description of the area surrounding Sodom and Gomorrah.

In summary, the King of Bela represents a minor yet significant figure within the broader narrative of the Pentapolis cities. His city, Bela, serves as a symbol of divine mercy amidst judgment, providing a refuge for Lot and his family during a time of great peril.