Topical Bible: Linen: Mosaic Law Forbade Its Being Interwoven With Wool

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Topical Encyclopedia

Linen, a textile made from the fibers of the flax plant, holds significant importance in biblical history and religious practice. It is frequently mentioned in the Scriptures, often associated with purity, holiness, and the priestly garments. The Mosaic Law, as given to the Israelites, contains specific instructions regarding the use of linen, particularly in its prohibition against mixing it with wool.

Biblical References and Instructions

The prohibition against mixing linen and wool is explicitly stated in the Mosaic Law. In Leviticus 19:19, the Israelites are commanded: "You must keep My statutes. You shall not breed your livestock with different kinds, nor sow your field with two kinds of seed, nor wear a garment of cloth made of two kinds of material." Similarly, Deuteronomy 22:11 reiterates this command: "Do not wear clothes of wool and linen woven together."

These instructions are part of a broader set of laws that emphasize the importance of separation and distinction, reflecting God's holiness and the call for His people to be set apart. The prohibition against mixing linen and wool is understood to symbolize the need for purity and the avoidance of syncretism, both in worship and daily life.

Symbolism and Significance

Linen, due to its natural properties, was considered a symbol of purity and righteousness. It was used extensively in the construction of the Tabernacle and the garments of the priests. Exodus 28:39 describes the priestly garments: "You are to weave the tunic with fine linen, make the turban of fine linen, and fashion the sash with embroidery." The use of pure linen in these sacred contexts underscores its association with holiness and divine service.

The prohibition against mixing linen with wool can also be seen as a metaphor for maintaining spiritual integrity. Wool, derived from animals, and linen, from plants, represent different realms of creation. Their separation in garments serves as a reminder of the distinct roles and functions ordained by God.

Cultural and Historical Context

In the ancient Near East, textiles were not only functional but also carried cultural and religious significance. The Israelites, living among nations with diverse religious practices, were called to maintain distinctiveness in their worship and daily conduct. The prohibition against mixing linen and wool can be viewed as part of this broader mandate to avoid the practices of surrounding nations and to remain faithful to the covenant with Yahweh.

Theological Implications

From a theological perspective, the command to keep linen and wool separate can be seen as an early expression of the principle of holiness, which is central to the biblical narrative. Holiness involves being set apart for God's purposes, and the physical separation of materials in clothing serves as a tangible reminder of this spiritual truth.

In the New Testament, while the ceremonial laws of the Old Covenant are fulfilled in Christ, the underlying principles of holiness and separation from sin continue to hold relevance for believers. The call to purity and distinctiveness remains a vital aspect of Christian discipleship, echoing the ancient command to live as a people set apart for God.

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Leviticus 19:19
You shall keep my statutes. You shall not let your cattle engender with a diverse kind: you shall not sow your field with mingled seed: neither shall a garment mingled of linen and woolen come on you.
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