Topical Bible: Scribe(s): Instructors in the Law

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Topical Encyclopedia

In the biblical context, scribes were individuals who held a significant role in Jewish society, particularly during the time of the Old and New Testaments. They were primarily known as scholars and teachers of the Law, responsible for copying, preserving, and interpreting the Scriptures. Their expertise in the Law made them influential figures in religious and legal matters.

Old Testament Context

The role of the scribe can be traced back to ancient Israel, where they were initially responsible for administrative tasks, such as recording events and managing official documents. Over time, their role evolved to include the study and teaching of the Law. In the Old Testament, scribes are often associated with wisdom and learning. For example, Ezra is a prominent figure described as "a scribe skilled in the Law of Moses" (Ezra 7:6). Ezra's dedication to studying and teaching the Law was instrumental in the spiritual renewal of the Jewish people after the Babylonian exile.

New Testament Context

By the time of the New Testament, scribes had become a distinct group within Jewish society, often associated with the Pharisees. They were regarded as experts in the Mosaic Law and were frequently consulted on legal and religious matters. The scribes were responsible for teaching the Law in synagogues and were often involved in the interpretation and application of the Scriptures.

The Gospels frequently mention scribes in the context of their interactions with Jesus. They are often portrayed as opponents of Jesus, challenging His teachings and authority. For instance, in the Gospel of Mark, the scribes question Jesus' authority to forgive sins (Mark 2:6-7). Jesus, in turn, criticizes the scribes for their hypocrisy and legalism, as seen in His rebuke in Matthew 23:2-3 : "The scribes and Pharisees sit in Moses’ seat. So practice and observe everything they tell you, but do not do what they do, for they do not practice what they preach."

Role and Influence

Scribes were highly respected for their knowledge of the Law and their ability to interpret it. They played a crucial role in the religious education of the Jewish people, ensuring that the Law was taught and adhered to. Their influence extended to various aspects of daily life, including legal disputes, religious rituals, and moral conduct.

Despite their esteemed position, the New Testament highlights the dangers of their legalistic approach, which often prioritized tradition over the heart of the Law. Jesus' interactions with the scribes serve as a reminder of the importance of genuine faith and obedience to God's commandments, rather than mere outward conformity.

Legacy

The legacy of the scribes is evident in the preservation and transmission of the biblical texts. Their meticulous work in copying the Scriptures ensured the accuracy and continuity of the biblical record. The scribes' dedication to the Law laid the foundation for the development of Jewish religious thought and practice, influencing subsequent generations of scholars and teachers.

In summary, scribes were pivotal figures in biblical history, serving as instructors in the Law and shaping the religious landscape of their time. Their contributions to the study and preservation of the Scriptures continue to be recognized and valued in the Christian tradition.

Nave's Topical Index

Matthew 7:29
For he taught them as one having authority, and not as the scribes.
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Matthew 13:52
Then said he to them, Therefore every scribe which is instructed to the kingdom of heaven is like to a man that is an householder, which brings forth out of his treasure things new and old.
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Matthew 17:10
And his disciples asked him, saying, Why then say the scribes that Elias must first come?
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Matthew 23:2,3
Saying The scribes and the Pharisees sit in Moses' seat:
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Library

Funeral Oration on the Great S. Basil, Bishop of C??sarea in ...
... probably delivered on the anniversary of S. Basil's death. ... For our instructors were
known to all who knew ... sickness: the hand of the wicked scribe was restrained ...
/.../cyril/lectures of s cyril of jerusalem/oration xliii funeral oration on.htm