The term "Shewbread," also known as "Showbread" or "Hallowed Bread," refers to the sacred bread that was continually placed on a special table in the Holy Place of the Tabernacle and later in the Temple in Jerusalem. This bread held significant religious and symbolic importance in the worship practices of ancient Israel.

Biblical Description and Instructions

The instructions for the preparation and presentation of the Shewbread are detailed in the Old Testament. According to Exodus 25:30 , "And place the Bread of the Presence on the table before Me at all times." This command was part of the broader instructions given to Moses regarding the construction and furnishing of the Tabernacle.

The Shewbread consisted of twelve loaves made from fine flour, representing the twelve tribes of Israel. These loaves were arranged in two rows or piles on a table made of acacia wood overlaid with pure gold, as described in Leviticus 24:5-6 : "You are to take fine flour and bake twelve loaves, using two-tenths of an ephah for each loaf. Arrange them in two rows—six per row—on the table of pure gold before the LORD."

Symbolism and Significance

The Shewbread symbolized God's provision and sustenance for His people. It served as a continual reminder of the covenant relationship between God and the Israelites. The bread's presence in the Holy Place signified the perpetual fellowship and communion between God and His chosen people.

The bread was considered holy, and only the priests were permitted to eat it. Leviticus 24:9 states, "It belongs to Aaron and his sons, who are to eat it in a holy place, because it is a most holy portion for him from the food offerings to the LORD, a perpetual share."

Historical and Theological Context

The practice of placing the Shewbread in the Tabernacle and Temple continued throughout the history of Israel until the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 AD. The bread was replaced every Sabbath, and the old loaves were consumed by the priests, emphasizing the sacred nature of this offering.

In the New Testament, the Shewbread is referenced in the context of Jesus' teachings. In Matthew 12:3-4 , Jesus refers to an incident involving David: "He entered the house of God, and he and his companions ate the consecrated bread, which was not lawful for them to eat, but only for the priests." This reference highlights the Shewbread's sanctity and the broader principle of mercy over ritual.

Conclusion

The Shewbread, or Hallowed Bread, remains a profound symbol of God's provision and the sacred relationship between the divine and His people. Its presence in the Tabernacle and Temple underscored the importance of holiness, sustenance, and fellowship in the worship of God. Through its rich symbolism, the Shewbread continues to offer insights into the covenantal faithfulness of God and the spiritual nourishment He provides to His followers.1 Samuel 21:6
So the priest gave him hallowed bread: for there was no bread there but the show bread, that was taken from before the LORD, to put hot bread in the day when it was taken away.
Nave's Topical Index

What was the bread of the Presence (Exodus 25:30)? | GotQuestions.org

Shewbread: Dictionary and Thesaurus | Clyx.com

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