Topical Bible: Jerusalem: Calamities of, Mentioned: Taken and Plundered by Shishak

◄ Jerusalem: Calamities of, Mentioned: Taken and Plundered by Shishak ►

Topical Encyclopedia

Jerusalem, the ancient and sacred city, has been the focal point of numerous historical and biblical events, including times of great calamity. One such event is the plundering of Jerusalem by Shishak, the king of Egypt. This event is a significant moment in the history of Israel and is recorded in the biblical narrative, highlighting the consequences of disobedience and the shifting political dynamics of the ancient Near East.

Historical Context

The plundering of Jerusalem by Shishak occurred during the reign of Rehoboam, the son of Solomon and the first king of the southern kingdom of Judah following the division of the united monarchy. This division came as a result of Solomon's idolatry and the subsequent judgment pronounced by God, leading to the rise of Jeroboam as king over the northern tribes of Israel.

Biblical Account

The account of Shishak's invasion is found in 1 Kings 14:25-26 and 2 Chronicles 12:2-9. According to the biblical narrative, in the fifth year of King Rehoboam's reign, Shishak, the king of Egypt, came up against Jerusalem. This invasion was a direct consequence of Judah's unfaithfulness to the LORD, as they had abandoned the law of God and engaged in idolatrous practices.

1 Kings 14:25-26 states: "In the fifth year of Rehoboam’s reign, Shishak king of Egypt came up and attacked Jerusalem. He seized the treasures of the house of the LORD and of the royal palace. He took everything, including all the gold shields that Solomon had made."

2 Chronicles 12:2-9 provides additional details, noting that Shishak's campaign was a vast military endeavor, involving numerous chariots and horsemen. The chronicler emphasizes that this calamity was a result of Judah's abandonment of the LORD, and it served as a divine chastisement. The text also records that Rehoboam and the leaders of Judah humbled themselves, acknowledging the LORD's righteousness, which led to a measure of deliverance, though the city was still plundered.

Theological Implications

The plundering of Jerusalem by Shishak serves as a poignant reminder of the covenantal relationship between God and His people. The calamity underscores the principle that disobedience and idolatry lead to divine judgment, while humility and repentance can mitigate the severity of such judgment. This event also illustrates the vulnerability of even the most fortified cities when the protection of the LORD is withdrawn due to unfaithfulness.

Archaeological and Historical Corroboration

The historical existence of Shishak, identified as Pharaoh Shoshenq I, is corroborated by Egyptian records and archaeological findings. The Bubastite Portal at Karnak in Egypt contains a relief depicting Shishak's campaign in Palestine, listing numerous conquered cities, although Jerusalem is not explicitly mentioned. This absence is not uncommon in ancient records, which often highlighted victories without detailing every aspect of a campaign.

Conclusion

The plundering of Jerusalem by Shishak is a significant event in biblical history, reflecting the spiritual and political challenges faced by the kingdom of Judah. It serves as a testament to the consequences of turning away from God and the importance of faithfulness to His covenant.

Torrey's Topical Textbook

1 Kings 14:25,26
And it came to pass in the fifth year of king Rehoboam, that Shishak king of Egypt came up against Jerusalem:
Torrey's Topical Textbook

2 Chronicles 12:1-4
And it came to pass, when Rehoboam had established the kingdom, and had strengthened himself, he forsook the law of the LORD, and all Israel with him.
Torrey's Topical Textbook