Topical Bible: Reviling and Reproaching: Goliath

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Topical Encyclopedia

Introduction

Goliath, a central figure in the biblical narrative of 1 Samuel 17, is often remembered for his role as the Philistine giant who defied the armies of Israel and was ultimately defeated by the young shepherd David. His actions and words provide a vivid example of reviling and reproaching, as he openly mocked and challenged the Israelites and their God. This entry explores the nature of Goliath's reviling and reproaching, its implications, and its significance within the biblical context.

Biblical Account

The account of Goliath is found in 1 Samuel 17. Goliath is described as a champion from Gath, standing over nine feet tall, clad in heavy armor, and wielding formidable weapons. His physical stature and military prowess made him a fearsome opponent. For forty days, Goliath came forward every morning and evening to challenge the Israelites, issuing a call for single combat to decide the outcome of the conflict between the Philistines and Israel.

Goliath's words are characterized by arrogance and disdain. He taunts the Israelites, questioning their ability to produce a worthy opponent: "Why do you come out to line up in battle formation? Am I not a Philistine, and are you not the servants of Saul? Choose a man for yourselves, and let him come down to me" (1 Samuel 17:8). His challenge is not merely a call to battle but a reproach against the entire nation of Israel and their God.

Reviling and Reproaching

Reviling, in the biblical sense, involves speaking abusively or contemptuously, often with the intent to insult or demean. Goliath's words exemplify this as he defies the armies of Israel, saying, "I defy the ranks of Israel this day. Give me a man, so we can fight each other" (1 Samuel 17:10). His reproach is directed not only at the soldiers but also at their faith and trust in God.

The act of reproaching God and His people is a serious offense in the biblical narrative. Goliath's defiance is not merely a personal affront but a challenge to the sovereignty and power of the God of Israel. This is highlighted by David's response when he confronts Goliath: "You come against me with sword and spear and javelin, but I come against you in the name of the LORD of Hosts, the God of the armies of Israel, whom you have defied" (1 Samuel 17:45). David's words underscore the spiritual dimension of Goliath's reviling, framing it as a direct challenge to God's authority.

Theological Implications

Goliath's reviling and reproaching serve as a backdrop for the demonstration of God's power and faithfulness. The narrative illustrates the futility of human arrogance and the ultimate triumph of divine strength over worldly might. Goliath's defeat at the hands of David, a young shepherd armed only with a sling and stones, underscores the biblical theme that God exalts the humble and brings down the proud.

The account of Goliath also serves as a cautionary tale about the dangers of pride and the consequences of defying God. It reinforces the biblical principle that those who revile and reproach God and His people will ultimately face judgment and defeat. This theme resonates throughout Scripture, reminding believers of the importance of humility and reverence before God.

Conclusion

The account of Goliath's reviling and reproaching in 1 Samuel 17 provides a powerful illustration of the conflict between human pride and divine authority. Through the narrative, the Bible emphasizes the importance of faith, humility, and reliance on God, while warning against the dangers of arrogance and defiance.

Torrey's Topical Textbook

1 Samuel 17:43
And the Philistine said to David, Am I a dog, that you come to me with staves? And the Philistine cursed David by his gods.
Torrey's Topical Textbook