Ecclesiastes 1:17
New International Version
Then I applied myself to the understanding of wisdom, and also of madness and folly, but I learned that this, too, is a chasing after the wind.

New Living Translation
So I set out to learn everything from wisdom to madness and folly. But I learned firsthand that pursuing all this is like chasing the wind.

English Standard Version
And I applied my heart to know wisdom and to know madness and folly. I perceived that this also is but a striving after wind.

Berean Standard Bible
So I set my mind to know wisdom and madness and folly; I learned that this, too, is a pursuit of the wind.

King James Bible
And I gave my heart to know wisdom, and to know madness and folly: I perceived that this also is vexation of spirit.

New King James Version
And I set my heart to know wisdom and to know madness and folly. I perceived that this also is grasping for the wind.

New American Standard Bible
And I applied my mind to know wisdom and to know insanity and foolishness; I realized that this also is striving after wind.

NASB 1995
And I set my mind to know wisdom and to know madness and folly; I realized that this also is striving after wind.

NASB 1977
And I set my mind to know wisdom and to know madness and folly; I realized that this also is striving after wind.

Legacy Standard Bible
And I gave my heart to know wisdom and to know madness and simpleminded folly; I came to know that this also is striving after wind.

Amplified Bible
And I set my mind to know [practical] wisdom and to discern [the character of] madness and folly [in which men seem to find satisfaction]; I realized that this too is a futile grasping and chasing after the wind.

Christian Standard Bible
I applied my mind to know wisdom and knowledge, madness and folly; I learned that this too is a pursuit of the wind.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
I applied my mind to know wisdom and knowledge, madness and folly; I learned that this too is a pursuit of the wind.

American Standard Version
And I applied my heart to know wisdom, and to know madness and folly: I perceived that this also was a striving after wind.

Contemporary English Version
Then I decided to find out all I could about wisdom and foolishness. Soon I realized that this too was as senseless as chasing the wind.

English Revised Version
And I applied my heart to know wisdom, and to know madness and folly: I perceived that this also was a striving after wind.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
I've used my mind to understand wisdom and knowledge as well as madness and stupidity. [Now] I know that this is [like] trying to catch the wind.

Good News Translation
I was determined to learn the difference between knowledge and foolishness, wisdom and madness. But I found out that I might as well be chasing the wind.

International Standard Version
So I dedicated myself to learn about wisdom and knowledge, and about insanity and foolishness. And I discovered that this is also like chasing after the wind.

Majority Standard Bible
So I set my mind to know wisdom and madness and folly; I learned that this, too, is a pursuit of the wind.

NET Bible
So I decided to discern the benefit of wisdom and knowledge over foolish behavior and ideas; however, I concluded that even this endeavor is like trying to chase the wind!

New Heart English Bible
I applied my heart to know wisdom, and to know madness and folly. I perceived that this also was a chasing after wind.

Webster's Bible Translation
And I gave my heart to know wisdom, and to know madness and folly: I perceived that this also is vexation of spirit.

World English Bible
I applied my heart to know wisdom, and to know madness and folly. I perceived that this also was a chasing after wind.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And I give my heart to know wisdom, and to know madness and folly: I have known that even this [is] distress of spirit;

Young's Literal Translation
And I give my heart to know wisdom, and to know madness and folly: I have known that even this is vexation of spirit;

Smith's Literal Translation
And I will give my heart to know wisdom, and the knowledge of praise and understanding: I knew this also it is the striving of the spirit.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And I have given my heart to know prudence, and learning, and errors, and folly: and I have perceived that in these also there was labour, and vexation of spirit,

Catholic Public Domain Version
And I have dedicated my heart, so that I may know prudence and doctrine, and also error and foolishness. Yet I recognize that, in these things also, there is hardship, and affliction of the spirit.

New American Bible
yet when I applied my mind to know wisdom and knowledge, madness and folly, I learned that this also is a chase after wind.

New Revised Standard Version
And I applied my mind to know wisdom and to know madness and folly. I perceived that this also is but a chasing after wind.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And I gave my heart to know wisdom and proverbs and understanding; but I have perceived that this also is vexation of spirit

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And I gave my heart to know wisdom and knowledge, proverbs and understanding, and I have known that this is also agitation of spirit
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
And I applied my heart to know wisdom, and to know madness and folly--I perceived that this also was a striving after wind.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And my heart knew much - wisdom, and knowledge, parables and understanding: I perceived that this also is waywardness of spirit.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
With Wisdom Comes Sorrow
16I said to myself, “Behold, I have grown and increased in wisdom beyond all those before me who were over Jerusalem, and my mind has observed a wealth of wisdom and knowledge.” 17So I set my mind to know wisdom and madness and folly; I learned that this, too, is a pursuit of the wind. 18For with much wisdom comes much sorrow, and as knowledge grows, grief increases.…

Cross References
Proverbs 1:7
The fear of the LORD is the beginning of knowledge, but fools despise wisdom and discipline.

Proverbs 3:13-18
Blessed is the man who finds wisdom, the man who acquires understanding, / for she is more profitable than silver, and her gain is better than fine gold. / She is more precious than rubies; nothing you desire compares with her. ...

Proverbs 4:7
Wisdom is supreme; so acquire wisdom. And whatever you may acquire, gain understanding.

Proverbs 9:10
The fear of the LORD is the beginning of wisdom, and knowledge of the Holy One is understanding.

Proverbs 14:6
A mocker seeks wisdom and finds none, but knowledge comes easily to the discerning.

Proverbs 24:14
Know therefore that wisdom is sweet to your soul. If you find it, there is a future for you, and your hope will never be cut off.

Job 28:28
And He said to man, ‘Behold, the fear of the Lord, that is wisdom, and to turn away from evil is understanding.’”

Daniel 2:21
He changes the times and seasons; He removes kings and establishes them. He gives wisdom to the wise and knowledge to the discerning.

Isaiah 29:14
Therefore I will again confound these people with wonder upon wonder. The wisdom of the wise will vanish, and the intelligence of the intelligent will be hidden.”

Jeremiah 8:9
The wise will be put to shame; they will be dismayed and trapped. Since they have rejected the word of the LORD, what wisdom do they really have?

1 Corinthians 1:18-25
For the message of the cross is foolishness to those who are perishing, but to us who are being saved it is the power of God. / For it is written: “I will destroy the wisdom of the wise; the intelligence of the intelligent I will frustrate.” / Where is the wise man? Where is the scribe? Where is the philosopher of this age? Has not God made foolish the wisdom of the world? ...

1 Corinthians 3:18-20
Let no one deceive himself. If any of you thinks he is wise in this age, he should become a fool, so that he may become wise. / For the wisdom of this world is foolishness in God’s sight. As it is written: “He catches the wise in their craftiness.” / And again, “The Lord knows that the thoughts of the wise are futile.”

Colossians 2:8
See to it that no one takes you captive through philosophy and empty deception, which are based on human tradition and the spiritual forces of the world rather than on Christ.

James 1:5
Now if any of you lacks wisdom, he should ask God, who gives generously to all without finding fault, and it will be given to him.

James 3:13-17
Who is wise and understanding among you? Let him show it by his good conduct, by deeds done in the humility that comes from wisdom. / But if you harbor bitter jealousy and selfish ambition in your hearts, do not boast in it or deny the truth. / Such wisdom does not come from above, but is earthly, unspiritual, demonic. ...


Treasury of Scripture

And I gave my heart to know wisdom, and to know madness and folly: I perceived that this also is vexation of spirit.

i gave

Ecclesiastes 1:13
And I gave my heart to seek and search out by wisdom concerning all things that are done under heaven: this sore travail hath God given to the sons of man to be exercised therewith.

Ecclesiastes 2:3,12
I sought in mine heart to give myself unto wine, yet acquainting mine heart with wisdom; and to lay hold on folly, till I might see what was that good for the sons of men, which they should do under the heaven all the days of their life…

Ecclesiastes 7:23-25
All this have I proved by wisdom: I said, I will be wise; but it was far from me…

i perceived

Ecclesiastes 2:10,11
And whatsoever mine eyes desired I kept not from them, I withheld not my heart from any joy; for my heart rejoiced in all my labour: and this was my portion of all my labour…

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Applied Chasing Folly Foolish Getting Heart Learned Madness Mind Perceived Realized Spirit Striving Understanding Vexation Ways Wind Wisdom
Ecclesiastes 1
1. the preacher shows that all human courses are vain
4. because the creatures are restless in their courses
9. they bring forth nothing new, and all old things are forgotten
12. and because he has found it so in the studies of wisdom














So I set my mind
The phrase "set my mind" indicates a deliberate and intentional effort. In the Hebrew text, the word used here is "נתתי" (natati), which conveys the idea of giving or placing one's heart or mind towards something. This reflects a conscious decision by the author, traditionally understood to be Solomon, to engage deeply with the subjects of his inquiry. In a spiritual context, this suggests the importance of intentionality in our pursuit of understanding and truth, reminding us that wisdom requires dedication and focus.

to know wisdom
The Hebrew word for "wisdom" is "חכמה" (chokmah), which encompasses not only knowledge but also the skillful application of knowledge in life. In the biblical context, wisdom is often associated with a godly perspective, implying that true wisdom begins with the fear of the Lord (Proverbs 9:10). Solomon's quest to know wisdom reflects a desire to understand life from a divine viewpoint, seeking insights that transcend mere human understanding.

and madness and folly
The terms "madness" (שגעון, shega'on) and "folly" (סכלות, siklut) represent the opposite of wisdom. Madness can imply irrationality or senselessness, while folly suggests foolishness or a lack of good judgment. By exploring these concepts, Solomon is acknowledging the full spectrum of human experience and understanding. This exploration highlights the futility of human endeavors apart from God, as madness and folly lead to chaos and meaninglessness.

I learned that this, too
The phrase "I learned" indicates a process of discovery and realization. The Hebrew root "ידע" (yada) means to know or perceive, often through experience. Solomon's journey is not merely academic; it is experiential, suggesting that true understanding often comes through living and reflecting on life's complexities. The phrase "this, too" implies that even the pursuit of wisdom, when done apart from God, can lead to the same emptiness as folly.

is a pursuit of the wind
The imagery of "a pursuit of the wind" (רעיון רוח, re'ayon ruach) conveys the idea of chasing something elusive and unattainable. Wind, in its nature, cannot be caught or held, symbolizing the futility and transience of human efforts without divine purpose. This metaphor serves as a powerful reminder of the limitations of human wisdom and the need for reliance on God. It underscores the theme of Ecclesiastes: that life, when lived solely under the sun and apart from God, is ultimately meaningless.

(17) Madness and folly are words we should not expect to find in this context, and accordingly some interpreters have attempted by variations of reading to substitute for them words of the same nature as "wisdom and knowledge," but see Ecclesiastes 2:12; Ecclesiastes 7:25. Taking the text as it stands, it means to know wisdom and knowledge fully by a study of their contraries. The word for "madness" is peculiar to this book, but the corresponding verb occurs frequently in other books.

Verse 17. - And I gave my heart. He reiterates the expression in order to emphasize his earnestness and energy in the pursuit of wisdom. And knowing, as St. Jerome says, that "contrariis contraria inteiliguntur," he studies the opposite of wisdom, and learns the truth by contrasting it with error. And to know madness and folly (Ecclesiastes 2:12). The former word, holeloth (intensive plural), by its etymology points to a confusion of thought, i.e. an unwisdom which deranges all ideas of order and propriety; and folly (hero sikluth), throughout the sapiential books, is identified with vice and wickedness, the contradictory of practical godliness. The LXX. has παραβολὰς καὶ ἐπιστήμην, "parables and knowledge," and some editors have altered the Hebrew text in accordance with this version, which they consider more suitable to the context. But Koheleth's standpoint is quite consistent. To use the words of St. Jerome in his 'Commentary,' "AEqualis studii fuit Salomoni, scire sapientiam et scientiam, et e regione errores et stultitiam, ut in aliis appetendis et aliis declinandis vera ejus sapientia probaretur." On the other hand, Den-Sirs gives a much-needed warning against touching pitch (Ecclus. 13:1), and argues expressly that "the knowledge of wickedness is not wisdom" (Ecclus. 19:22). Plumptre unnecessarily sees in the use of the term" madness 'an echo of the teaching of the Stoics, who regarded men's weaknesses as forms of insanity. The moralist had no need to travel beyond his own experience in order to learn that sin was the acme of unwisdom, a declension from reason which might well be called madness. The subject is handled by Cicero, 'Tusc. Disput.,' 3:4, 5. We are reminded of Horace's expression ('Carm.,' 2:7. 27) -

"Recepto Dulce mihi furere est amico." And Anacreon's (31.), Θέλω θέλω μανῆναι. Thus far we have had Koheleth's secret thoughts - what he communed with his own heart (ver. 16). The result of his studies was most unsatisfying I perceived that this also is vexation of spirit; or, a striving after wind, as ver. 14 Though the word is somewhat different. As such labor is wasted, for man cannot control issues.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
So I set
וָאֶתְּנָ֤ה (wā·’et·tə·nāh)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular | third person feminine singular
Strong's 5414: To give, put, set

my mind
לִבִּי֙ (lib·bî)
Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singular
Strong's 3820: The heart, the feelings, the will, the intellect, centre

to know
לָדַ֣עַת (lā·ḏa·‘aṯ)
Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct
Strong's 3045: To know

wisdom
חָכְמָ֔ה (ḥāḵ·māh)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 2451: Wisdom

[and]
וְדַ֥עַת (wə·ḏa·‘aṯ)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct
Strong's 3045: To know

madness
הוֹלֵל֖וֹת (hō·w·lê·lō·wṯ)
Noun - feminine plural
Strong's 1947: Madness

and folly;
וְשִׂכְל֑וּת (wə·śiḵ·lūṯ)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 5531: Silliness

I learned
יָדַ֕עְתִּי (yā·ḏa‘·tî)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singular
Strong's 3045: To know

that
זֶ֥ה (zeh)
Pronoun - masculine singular
Strong's 2088: This, that

this,
ה֖וּא (hū)
Pronoun - third person masculine singular
Strong's 1931: He, self, the same, this, that, as, are

too,
שֶׁגַּם־ (šeg·gam-)
Pronoun - relative | Conjunction
Strong's 1571: Assemblage, also, even, yea, though, both, and

is a pursuit
רַעְי֥וֹן (ra‘·yō·wn)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 7475: Longing, striving

of the wind.
רֽוּחַ׃ (rū·aḥ)
Noun - common singular
Strong's 7307: Wind, breath, exhalation, life, anger, unsubstantiality, a region of the sky, spirit


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OT Poetry: Ecclesiastes 1:17 I applied my heart to know wisdom (Ecclesiast. Ec Ecc Eccles.)
Ecclesiastes 1:16
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