and she bore him Zimran
Zimran is one of the sons of Abraham and Keturah. The name Zimran is not mentioned elsewhere in the Bible, and little is known about him. His inclusion in the genealogy highlights the fulfillment of God's promise to Abraham that he would be the father of many nations. This reflects the broader theme of God's covenant and the expansion of Abraham's lineage beyond Isaac and Ishmael.

Jokshan
Jokshan is another son of Abraham and Keturah. His descendants are mentioned later in Genesis, specifically his sons Sheba and Dedan. These names are associated with regions in Arabia, suggesting that Jokshan's lineage contributed to the population and development of the Arabian Peninsula. This connection emphasizes the spread of Abraham's descendants into various regions, fulfilling the promise of numerous offspring.

Medan
Medan is listed among the sons of Keturah and Abraham, but like Zimran, there is little additional biblical information about him. His name, however, is significant in demonstrating the diversity and reach of Abraham's descendants. The mention of Medan, along with his brothers, underscores the theme of God's blessing and the multiplication of Abraham's seed.

Midian
Midian is perhaps the most notable of Keturah's sons due to the later biblical references to the Midianites. The Midianites play a significant role in the story of Moses, as Moses flees to Midian and marries Zipporah, the daughter of Jethro, a priest of Midian. This connection highlights the ongoing interaction between the descendants of Abraham and the unfolding narrative of God's people. The Midianites are also involved in various conflicts with Israel, illustrating the complex relationships between Abraham's descendants.

Ishbak
Ishbak is another son of Keturah and Abraham, with limited biblical information available. His inclusion in the genealogy serves to emphasize the breadth of Abraham's progeny. The name Ishbak, like those of his brothers, contributes to the understanding of the diverse groups that emerged from Abraham's lineage, fulfilling God's promise of numerous descendants.

and Shuah
Shuah is the last of the sons listed from Keturah and Abraham. The name Shuah appears elsewhere in the Bible, notably in the Book of Job, where Bildad the Shuhite is one of Job's friends. This connection suggests that Shuah's descendants may have settled in regions that later interacted with other biblical figures. The mention of Shuah completes the list of Keturah's sons, reinforcing the theme of God's blessing and the expansion of Abraham's family.

1. Keturah
The wife of Abraham after Sarah's death. Her role is significant as she bore Abraham six sons, contributing to the fulfillment of God's promise to make Abraham a father of many nations.

2. Zimran
One of the sons of Abraham and Keturah. Little is known about him, but he represents the expansion of Abraham's lineage.

3. Jokshan
Another son of Abraham and Keturah. He is noted for being the father of Sheba and Dedan, linking to other significant biblical lineages.

4. Medan
A son of Abraham and Keturah. His descendants are not detailed in the Bible, but he is part of the broader account of Abraham's offspring.

5. Midian
A son of Abraham and Keturah, whose descendants, the Midianites, play a significant role in later biblical accounts, including interactions with Moses.

6. Ishbak
Another son of Abraham and Keturah. Like Medan, his specific descendants are not detailed, but he contributes to the fulfillment of God's promise.

7. Shuah
The last son of Abraham and Keturah mentioned in this verse. His lineage is not detailed, but he is part of the broader account of Abraham's descendants.God's Faithfulness to His Promises
God's promise to Abraham to make him a father of many nations is evident through the birth of these sons. This reminds us of God's faithfulness and the importance of trusting His promises.

The Importance of Lineage and Legacy
The genealogies in the Bible, including the sons of Keturah, highlight the importance of lineage and legacy. We are encouraged to consider the spiritual legacy we are leaving for future generations.

Diversity in God's Plan
The various descendants of Abraham through Keturah show the diversity in God's plan for humanity. This diversity is a reminder of the inclusivity of God's love and the call to embrace all people.

The Role of Lesser-Known Figures
Figures like Zimran, Medan, and Ishbak, though not prominent, played a role in God's plan. This teaches us that every person has a purpose in God's kingdom, even if it is not widely recognized.(2) Zimran.--The home of Keturah's descendants is placed by Josephus and Jerome in Arabia-Felix; but the supposed traces of their names are untrustworthy.

Midian is the one son of Keturah who had a great future before him, for his race became famous traders (Genesis 37:28); and as they are called Me� danites there in the Hebrew, in Genesis 37:36, it is probable that Medan and Midian coalesced into one tribe. Jethro, the father-in-law of Moses, belonged to them (Exodus 2:15-16), and, enriched by commerce, they became so powerful as to be dangerous neighbours to the Israelites. (Judges 6, 7, 8)

Shuah.--From him perhaps descended Bildad the Shuhite, Job's friend (Job 2:11). The name in the Hebrew is different from that also rendered "Shuah" in Genesis 38:2. . . .

Verse 2. - And she bare him (since the patriarch's body at 100 years was practically dead, it is almost certain that his marriage with Keturah took place after the renewal of his powers; and it is easier to suppose that his physical vigor remained for some years after Sarah's death than that, with his former experience of concubinage, and his parental joy in the birth of Isaac, he should add a second wife while Sarah lived) Zimran, - identified with Zabram, west of Mecca, on the Red Sea (Knobel, Keil); or the Zimareni, in the interior of Arabia (Delitzsch, Kalisch) - and Jokshan, - the Kassamitae, on the Red Sea (Knobel); or the Himarytish tribe Jakish, in Southern Arabia (Keil) - and Medan, and Midian, - Modiana, on the east of the Elamitic Gulf, and Madiana, north of this (Rosenmüller, Keil, Knobel) - and Ishbak, - perhaps preserved in Schobeck, in the land of the Edomites (Knobel, Keil) - and Shuah - for which the epithet Shuhite (Job 2:11) may point to Northern Idumaea (Keil, Knobel, Kalisch).

Parallel Commentaries ...


and she bore
וַתֵּ֣לֶד (wat·tê·leḏ)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular
Strong's 3205: To bear young, to beget, medically, to act as midwife, to show lineage

him Zimran,
זִמְרָן֙ (zim·rān)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 2175: Zimran -- a son of Abraham

Jokshan,
יָקְשָׁ֔ן (yā·qə·šān)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3370: Jokshan -- a son of Abraham and Keturah

Medan,
מְדָ֖ן (mə·ḏān)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 4091: Medan -- a son of Abraham and Keturah

Midian,
מִדְיָ֑ן (miḏ·yān)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 4080: Midian -- a son of Abraham and Keturah, also his descendants and the region where they settled

Ishbak,
יִשְׁבָּ֖ק (yiš·bāq)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3435: Ishbak -- a son of Abraham and Keturah

and Shuah.
שֽׁוּחַ׃ (šū·aḥ)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 7744: Shuah -- a son of Abraham and Keturah


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OT Law: Genesis 25:2 She bore him Zimran Jokshan Medan Midian (Gen. Ge Gn)