Lexical Summary loidoros: Reviler, Abusive, Slanderer Original Word: λοιδορός Strong's Exhaustive Concordance railer, reviler. From loidos (mischief); abusive, i.e. A blackguard -- railer, reviler. HELPS Word-studies Cognate: 3060 loídoros – reproach (reviling); used of injuring another's reputation by denigrating, abusive insults (TDNT, 4:293). See 3058 (loidoreō). NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Originof uncertain origin Definition abusive, subst. railer NASB Translation reviler (1), revilers (1). Thayer's Greek Lexicon STRONGS NT 3060: λοίδοροςλοίδορος, λοιδόρου, ὁ, a railer, reviler: 1 Corinthians 5:11; 1 Corinthians 6:10. (Proverbs 25:24; Sir. 23:8; Euripides, (as adjective), Plutarch, others.) Topical Lexicon Definition and Semantic Field The term refers to a person who wounds with words—one whose habitual speech is insulting, slanderous, or abusive. It captures a settled disposition, not an occasional lapse, and therefore identifies a character trait rather than a single act. Occurrences in the New Testament • 1 Corinthians 5:11 – listed among vices that forfeit table fellowship: “a verbal abuser”. Paul thus treats reviling as a sin of such gravity that it both disqualifies a professing believer from ordinary fellowship and, when unrepented, marks a life outside the kingdom. Old Testament Roots and Parallels Abusive speech violates the ninth commandment’s prohibition of false witness (Exodus 20:16) and offends the spirit of Leviticus 19:16-18, which forbids slander and hatred. Proverbs regularly contrasts righteous lips with the “perverse tongue” (Proverbs 10:31-32), preparing the moral backdrop against which Paul writes. Theological Significance 1. Image of God: Humanity bears God’s image; to revile another image-bearer is indirectly to reproach the Creator (James 3:9-10). Pastoral and Disciplinary Implications • Church Discipline: In 1 Corinthians 5 Paul commands social separation when reviling characterizes a professing believer; this protects both testimony and members. Historical Reflection Early church fathers (e.g., Chrysostom, Homilies on 1 Corinthians) warned that revilers “kill the soul with the tongue,” noting that martyrdom could be endured by the righteous yet inflicted by revilers. Medieval commentators tied the sin to “verbal homicide,” while Reformers such as Calvin identified it as a direct violation of neighbor-love. Contemporary Application 1. Digital Speech: Social media has multiplied opportunities for anonymous reviling; believers must submit tweets and posts to the lordship of Christ (Matthew 12:36-37). Summary Strong’s Greek 3060 spotlights a sin of the tongue that Scripture regards as spiritually lethal. New-covenant believers, indwelt by the Spirit, are called to exchange reviling for blessing, thereby manifesting the ethics of the kingdom and the character of their Redeemer “who, when He was reviled, did not revile in return” (1 Peter 2:23). Forms and Transliterations λοιδοροι λοίδοροι λοιδορος λοίδορος λοιδόρου λοιμεύηται loidoroi loídoroi loidoros loídorosLinks Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel TextsEnglishman's Concordance 1 Corinthians 5:11 Adj-NMSGRK: εἰδωλολάτρης ἢ λοίδορος ἢ μέθυσος NAS: or a reviler, or KJV: or a railer, or INT: idolater or railer or a drunkard 1 Corinthians 6:10 Adj-NMP Strong's Greek 3060 |
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