Lexical Summary pentékosté: Pentecost Original Word: πεντηκοστή Strong's Exhaustive Concordance Pentecost. Feminine of the ordinal of pentekonta; fiftieth (hemera being implied) from Passover, i.e. The festival of "Pentecost" -- Pentecost. see GREEK pentekonta see GREEK hemera HELPS Word-studies 4005 pentēkostḗ (from 4002 /pénte, "five") – properly fiftieth, referring to the festival of Pentecost – a one day festival celebrated at the end of the barley harvest. This was a joyous time of giving great thanks to God. [The workers could only spare one day at this season of the year because the wheat harvest was already in process.] NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Originfrom pentékostos; an ord. num. from pentékonta Definition fiftieth, Pentecost, the second of the three great Jewish feasts NASB Translation Pentecost (3). Thayer's Greek Lexicon STRONGS NT 4005: πεντηκοστήπεντηκοστή, πεντηκοστῆς, ἡ (namely, ἡμέρα; feminine of πεντηκοστός fiftieth) (from Plato down.), Pentecost (properly, the fiftieth day after the Passover, Tobit 2:1; 2 Macc. 12:32; (Philo de septen. § 21; de decal. § 30; cf. Winer's Grammar, 26)), the second of the three great Jewish festivals; celebrated at Jerusalem yearly, the seventh week after the Passover, in grateful recognition of the completed harvest (Exodus 23:16; Leviticus 23:15; Deuteronomy 16:9): Acts 2:1; Acts 20:16; 1 Corinthians 16:8 (Josephus, Antiquities 3, 10, 6; (14, 13, 4; etc.)). (BB. DD. (especially Ginsburg in Alex.'s Kitto) under the word Topical Lexicon Origin and Old Testament Background Pentecost, literally “the fiftieth,” is the Greek designation for the Feast of Weeks (Hebrew Shavuot). Instituted in the Law (Leviticus 23:15-21; Deuteronomy 16:9-12), it fell fifty days after the first Sabbath following Passover and marked the completion of the grain harvest. Worshipers presented “a new grain offering to the LORD” and rejoiced before Him as a pilgrim festival (Exodus 23:16). The day therefore celebrated God’s faithful provision and pointed forward to a fuller harvest yet to come. Fulfillment in Acts 2 “When the day of Pentecost came, they were all together in one place” (Acts 2:1). The risen Christ had promised the baptism of the Holy Spirit (Acts 1:5), and at precisely the divinely appointed feast the promise was realized. The Spirit was poured out with audible wind, visible tongues of fire, and multilingual praise (Acts 2:2-4). Peter linked the event to Joel’s prophecy, declaring, “In the last days, says God, I will pour out My Spirit on all people” (Acts 2:17). Three thousand were added that day, a firstfruits harvest of souls corresponding to the grain firstfruits offered under the Law. Thus Pentecost becomes the birthday of the Church and the inaugural sign that the New Covenant era had dawned. Continuing Apostolic Practice The remaining New Testament occurrences show Pentecost as a calendrical anchor for ministry planning: Theological Themes 1. Harvest and Firstfruits: The agricultural imagery of the feast is fulfilled spiritually in the ingathering of believers (James 1:18). Practical Implications for the Church • Reliance on the Spirit: Believers are to depend daily on the same empowering presence granted at Pentecost (Galatians 5:16-25). Pentecost therefore stands at the intersection of Israel’s sacred calendar, Christ’s redemptive work, and the Church’s ongoing mission, testifying to God’s faithfulness from seedtime to final harvest. Forms and Transliterations πεντηκοστης πεντηκοστής πεντηκοστῆς πεντηκοστόν πεντηκοστώ πέπειροι pentekostes pentekostês pentēkostēs pentēkostē̂sLinks Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel TextsEnglishman's Concordance Acts 2:1 N-GFSGRK: ἡμέραν τῆς πεντηκοστῆς ἦσαν πάντες NAS: the day of Pentecost had come, KJV: the day of Pentecost was fully come, INT: day of Pentecost they were all Acts 20:16 N-GFS 1 Corinthians 16:8 N-GFS |
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