Strong's Lexicon pikros: Bitter Original Word: πικρός Word Origin: Derived from the Greek verb πείκω (peikō), meaning "to cut" or "to prick." Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: The Hebrew equivalent often associated with bitterness is מָרָה (marah), Strong's Hebrew 4751, which also conveys the idea of bitterness in taste and spirit. Usage: The Greek adjective "pikros" primarily denotes something that is bitter in taste. However, in a metaphorical sense, it extends to describe emotions, attitudes, or experiences that are harsh, resentful, or difficult to endure. In the New Testament, "pikros" is often used to describe bitterness in the context of human relationships and spiritual conditions. Cultural and Historical Background: In ancient Greek culture, bitterness was often associated with negative emotions and undesirable traits. The concept of bitterness was not only related to taste but also to the human experience, reflecting feelings of anger, resentment, and unforgiveness. In the Greco-Roman world, maintaining harmonious relationships was highly valued, and bitterness was seen as a destructive force that could disrupt social and familial bonds. NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Origina prim. word Definition bitter, sharp NASB Translation bitter (2). Thayer's Greek Lexicon STRONGS NT 4089: πικρόςπικρός, πικρά, πικρόν (from the root meaning 'to cut,' 'prick'; Vanicek, 534; Curtius, § 100; Fick 1:145), from Homer down, the Sept. for מַר; bitter: properly, James 3:11 (opposed to τό γλυκύ); metaphorically, harsh, virulent, James 3:14. Strong's Exhaustive Concordance bitter. Perhaps from pegnumi (through the idea of piercing); sharp (pungent), i.e. Acrid (literally or figuratively) -- bitter. see GREEK pegnumi Forms and Transliterations πικρά πικράν πικρον πικρόν πικρὸν πικρός πικροτέρον πικρότερον πικρώ pikron pikrón pikrònLinks Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel Texts |
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