Revelation 22:1
New International Version
Then the angel showed me the river of the water of life, as clear as crystal, flowing from the throne of God and of the Lamb

New Living Translation
Then the angel showed me a river with the water of life, clear as crystal, flowing from the throne of God and of the Lamb.

English Standard Version
Then the angel showed me the river of the water of life, bright as crystal, flowing from the throne of God and of the Lamb

Berean Standard Bible
Then the angel showed me a river of the water of life, as clear as crystal, flowing from the throne of God and of the Lamb

Berean Literal Bible
And he showed me a river of water of life, clear as crystal, flowing out of the throne of God and of the Lamb.

King James Bible
And he shewed me a pure river of water of life, clear as crystal, proceeding out of the throne of God and of the Lamb.

New King James Version
And he showed me a pure river of water of life, clear as crystal, proceeding from the throne of God and of the Lamb.

New American Standard Bible
And he showed me a river of the water of life, clear as crystal, coming from the throne of God and of the Lamb,

NASB 1995
Then he showed me a river of the water of life, clear as crystal, coming from the throne of God and of the Lamb,

NASB 1977
And he showed me a river of the water of life, clear as crystal, coming from the throne of God and of the Lamb,

Legacy Standard Bible
Then he showed me a river of the water of life, bright as crystal, coming from the throne of God and of the Lamb,

Amplified Bible
Then the angel showed me a river of the water of life, clear as crystal, flowing from the throne of God and of the Lamb (Christ),

Christian Standard Bible
Then he showed me the river of the water of life, clear as crystal, flowing from the throne of God and of the Lamb

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Then he showed me the river of living water, sparkling like crystal, flowing from the throne of God and of the Lamb

American Standard Version
And he showed me a river of water of life, bright as crystal, proceeding out of the throne of God and of the Lamb,

Contemporary English Version
The angel showed me a river that was crystal clear, and its waters gave life. The river came from the throne where God and the Lamb were seated.

English Revised Version
And he shewed me a river of water of life, bright as crystal, proceeding out of the throne of God and of the Lamb,

GOD'S WORD® Translation
The angel showed me a river filled with the water of life, as clear as crystal. It was flowing from the throne of God and the lamb.

Good News Translation
The angel also showed me the river of the water of life, sparkling like crystal, and coming from the throne of God and of the Lamb

International Standard Version
Then the angel showed me the river of the water of life, as clear as crystal. It was flowing from the throne of God and the lamb.

Majority Standard Bible
Then the angel showed me a pure river of the water of life, as clear as crystal, flowing from the throne of God and of the Lamb

NET Bible
Then the angel showed me the river of the water of life--water as clear as crystal--pouring out from the throne of God and of the Lamb,

New Heart English Bible
He showed me a river of water of life, clear as crystal, proceeding out of the throne of God and of the Lamb,

Webster's Bible Translation
And he showed me a pure river of water of life, clear as crystal, proceeding out of the throne of God and of the Lamb.

Weymouth New Testament
Then he showed me the river of the Water of Life, bright as crystal, issuing from the throne of God and of the Lamb.

World English Bible
He showed me a river of water of life, clear as crystal, proceeding out of the throne of God and of the Lamb,
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And he showed me [the] river of [the] water of life, radiant as crystal, going forth out of the throne of God and of the Lamb

Berean Literal Bible
And he showed me a river of water of life, clear as crystal, flowing out of the throne of God and of the Lamb.

Young's Literal Translation
And he shewed me a pure river of water of life, bright as crystal, going forth out of the throne of God and of the Lamb:

Smith's Literal Translation
And he showed me the pure river of the water of life, shining as crystal, going out of the throne of God and of the Lamb.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And he showed me a river of water of life, clear as crystal, proceeding from the throne of God and of the Lamb.

Catholic Public Domain Version
And he showed me the river of the water of life, shining like crystal, proceeding from the throne of God and of the Lamb.

New American Bible
Then the angel showed me the river of life-giving water, sparkling like crystal, flowing from the throne of God and of the Lamb

New Revised Standard Version
Then the angel showed me the river of the water of life, bright as crystal, flowing from the throne of God and of the Lamb
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
AND he shewed me a pure river of water of life, clear as crystal, gushing out of the throne of God and of the Lamb.

Aramaic Bible in Plain English
And he showed me a river of the water of life, pure and clear as crystal, and it went out from the throne of God and of the Lamb.
NT Translations
Anderson New Testament
And he showed me a river of water of life, clear as crystal, coming out from the throne of God and of the Lamb.

Godbey New Testament
And he shewed me a river of the water of life, clear as crystal, proceeding out from the throne of God and the Lamb.

Haweis New Testament
AND he shewed me a clear river of water of life, bright as crystal, proceeding out of the throne of God and of the Lamb.

Mace New Testament
Then he shewed me a pure river of living water, clear as crystal, proceeding out of the throne of God, and of the lamb.

Weymouth New Testament
Then he showed me the river of the Water of Life, bright as crystal, issuing from the throne of God and of the Lamb.

Worrell New Testament
And he showed me a river of water of life, bright as crystal, issuing forth out of the throne of God and of the Lamb,

Worsley New Testament
And he shewed me a pure river of the water of life, clear as crystal, proceeding out of the throne of God, and of the Lamb.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The River of Life
1Then the angel showed me a river of the water of life, as clear as crystal, flowing from the throne of God and of the Lamb 2down the middle of the main street of the city. On either side of the river stood a tree of life, bearing twelve kinds of fruit and yielding a fresh crop for each month. And the leaves of the tree are for the healing of the nations.…

Cross References
Ezekiel 47:1-12
Then the man brought me back to the entrance of the temple, and I saw water flowing from under the threshold of the temple toward the east (for the temple faced east). The water was coming down from under the south side of the temple, south of the altar. / Next he brought me out through the north gate and led me around the outside to the outer gate facing east, and there I saw the water trickling out from the south side. / As the man went eastward with a measuring line in his hand, he measured off a thousand cubits and led me through ankle-deep water. ...

Genesis 2:10
Now a river flowed out of Eden to water the garden, and from there it branched into four headwaters:

Zechariah 14:8
And on that day living water will flow out from Jerusalem, half of it toward the Eastern Sea and the other half toward the Western Sea, in summer and winter alike.

Psalm 46:4
There is a river whose streams delight the city of God, the holy place where the Most High dwells.

John 4:14
But whoever drinks the water I give him will never thirst. Indeed, the water I give him will become in him a fount of water springing up to eternal life.”

John 7:38-39
Whoever believes in Me, as the Scripture has said: ‘Streams of living water will flow from within him.’” / He was speaking about the Spirit, whom those who believed in Him were later to receive. For the Spirit had not yet been given, because Jesus had not yet been glorified.

Isaiah 55:1
“Come, all you who are thirsty, come to the waters; and you without money, come, buy, and eat! Come, buy wine and milk without money and without cost!

Joel 3:18
And in that day the mountains will drip with sweet wine, and the hills will flow with milk. All the streams of Judah will run with water, and a spring will flow from the house of the LORD to water the Valley of Acacias.

Psalm 36:8-9
They feast on the abundance of Your house, and You give them drink from Your river of delights. / For with You is the fountain of life; in Your light we see light.

Jeremiah 2:13
“For My people have committed two evils: They have forsaken Me, the fountain of living water, and they have dug their own cisterns—broken cisterns that cannot hold water.

Revelation 7:17
For the Lamb in the center of the throne will be their shepherd. ‘He will lead them to springs of living water,’ and ‘God will wipe away every tear from their eyes.’”

Revelation 21:6
And He told me, “It is done! I am the Alpha and the Omega, the Beginning and the End. To the thirsty I will give freely from the spring of the water of life.

Revelation 21:1-2
Then I saw a new heaven and a new earth, for the first heaven and earth had passed away, and the sea was no more. / I saw the holy city, the new Jerusalem, coming down out of heaven from God, prepared as a bride adorned for her husband.

Revelation 21:10-11
And he carried me away in the Spirit to a mountain great and high, and showed me the holy city of Jerusalem coming down out of heaven from God, / shining with the glory of God. Its radiance was like a most precious jewel, like a jasper, as clear as crystal.

Revelation 21:23
And the city has no need of sun or moon to shine on it, because the glory of God illuminates the city, and the Lamb is its lamp.


Treasury of Scripture

And he showed me a pure river of water of life, clear as crystal, proceeding out of the throne of God and of the Lamb.

A pure.

Psalm 36:8
They shall be abundantly satisfied with the fatness of thy house; and thou shalt make them drink of the river of thy pleasures.

Psalm 46:4
There is a river, the streams whereof shall make glad the city of God, the holy place of the tabernacles of the most High.

Isaiah 41:18
I will open rivers in high places, and fountains in the midst of the valleys: I will make the wilderness a pool of water, and the dry land springs of water.

water.

Revelation 7:17
For the Lamb which is in the midst of the throne shall feed them, and shall lead them unto living fountains of waters: and God shall wipe away all tears from their eyes.

Revelation 21:6
And he said unto me, It is done. I am Alpha and Omega, the beginning and the end. I will give unto him that is athirst of the fountain of the water of life freely.

Psalm 36:9
For with thee is the fountain of life: in thy light shall we see light.

clear.

Revelation 21:11
Having the glory of God: and her light was like unto a stone most precious, even like a jasper stone, clear as crystal;

proceeding.

Revelation 3:21
To him that overcometh will I grant to sit with me in my throne, even as I also overcame, and am set down with my Father in his throne.

Revelation 4:5
And out of the throne proceeded lightnings and thunderings and voices: and there were seven lamps of fire burning before the throne, which are the seven Spirits of God.

Revelation 5:6,13
And I beheld, and, lo, in the midst of the throne and of the four beasts, and in the midst of the elders, stood a Lamb as it had been slain, having seven horns and seven eyes, which are the seven Spirits of God sent forth into all the earth…

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Angel Bright Clear Crystal Flowing Forth Glass High Issuing Life Proceeding Pure River Seat Shewed Showed Throne Water
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Revelation 22
1. The river of the water of life.
2. The tree of life.
5. The light of the city of God is himself.
7. Jesus Is Coming.
9. The angel will not be worshipped.
18. Nothing may be added to the word of God, nor taken away.














Then the angel showed me
This phrase indicates a continuation of the vision that John, the author of Revelation, is experiencing. The Greek word for "angel" is "ἄγγελος" (angelos), meaning "messenger." In the context of Revelation, angels often serve as divine guides, revealing God's plans and mysteries to John. This highlights the role of angels as intermediaries between God and humanity, emphasizing the divine origin and authority of the revelation.

a river of the water of life
The imagery of a river is rich with biblical symbolism. In the ancient world, rivers were vital sources of life and sustenance, and in Scripture, they often symbolize God's provision and blessing. The "water of life" echoes Jesus' promise in John 4:14, where He speaks of giving "living water" that leads to eternal life. The Greek word for "life" here is "ζωή" (zoe), which refers to the eternal, divine life that God imparts to believers. This river represents the fullness of life and the eternal sustenance provided by God.

as clear as crystal
The description of the water being "as clear as crystal" emphasizes its purity and perfection. In biblical symbolism, clarity and purity often represent holiness and the absence of sin. The Greek word for "crystal" is "κρύσταλλος" (krystallos), which conveys the idea of something that is both beautiful and pure. This imagery assures believers of the untainted and perfect nature of the life that God offers.

flowing from the throne of God and of the Lamb
The source of the river is significant, as it "flows from the throne of God and of the Lamb." The throne symbolizes God's sovereign rule and authority, while the Lamb represents Jesus Christ, the sacrificial Lamb who takes away the sin of the world (John 1:29). The Greek word for "throne" is "θρόνος" (thronos), indicating a seat of power and dominion. This phrase underscores the unity and co-reign of God the Father and Jesus Christ, highlighting the divine origin of the life-giving water. It reassures believers that the eternal life they receive is rooted in the authority and love of both God and the Lamb, emphasizing the centrality of Christ's redemptive work in the divine plan.

(1) And he shewed me a pure river . . .--The adjective "pure" must be omitted, as it is wanting in the best MSS. The river is full of water, and that water is the emblem of life: it is the beautiful symbol of life in its gladness, purity, activity, and fulness. The garden of Eden (Genesis 2:10) had its river. Even in the wilderness Israel had from the smitten rock the water which gushed out like a river (Psalm 105:41). Prophets, in their pictures of the ages of blessing, almost invariably introduced the river, or broad stream. Joel saw a fountain out of the house of the Lord (Joel 3:18). Zechariah spoke of living waters from Jerusalem (Zechariah 14:8); but Ezekiel had the fullest vision when he beheld the stream which deepened and broadened in its onward progress from under the threshold of the house of God, and carried life in its train: everything lived whither the water came (Ezekiel 47:9); thus did all prophets speak of the river of God's pleasures (Psalm 36:8). The teaching of our Lord threw new light on the prophetic imagery; the pure delights of spiritual joy and communion with God were vouchsafed to men by the presence of the Holy Spirit, the Giver of Life. In the bestowal of that spirit of life did Christ give true satisfaction to the thirsting souls of men. (Comp. John 4:10-14, Joh_7:37-39.) The source of the river is in the throne. Ezekiel's river took rise in the temple; but in our vision there is no temple (Revelation 21:22). We are brought nearer, even to the throne: it is the throne (not "thrones")--one throne of God and the Lamb. (Comp. Revelation 3:21.) . . . Verse 1. - And he showed me a pure river. Omit "pure." "And" connects this part of the vision with what precedes (Revelation 21:9-27). It would have been better, perhaps, if the twenty-first chapter had included the first five verses of the twenty-second, so as to take in the whole of the description of the heavenly Jerusalem. But there is a break at this point, as is indicated by the repetition of "And he showed me," which points to a new phase or section of the vision. In the previous section (Revelation 21:9-27) the angel had showed St. John the city and its wails with their gates and foundations; in this section he shows him the river of the water of life, and the tree of life. The latter part of each section is occupied with the evangelist's own observations (Revelation 21:22-27; Revelation 22:3-5), for we cannot suppose that the phrase, "these words," in ver. 6, is intended to apply specially to anything in these particular sections. He is the angel mentioned in ver. 9, and again referred to in vers. 10, 15, 16, 17. Most probably the pronoun "he" in ver. 6 does not refer to the same angel as this one. River. The source of this stream, its course or channel, and its fertile banks, are mentioned or implied in what follows; but there is no reference to any estuary or mouth: eternity is the ocean in which this river is lost. Of water of life. Ὕδωρ ζωῆς is perhaps identical in meaning with "living water," ὕδωρ ζῶν, but is properly distinguished from it in translation. The two expressions are peculiar to St. John's writings in the New Testament; the genitival form, which is the more Hebraizing, only occurs in this book in Revelation 7:17; Revelation 21:6; Revelation 22:1, 17; whereas the participial and more classical form is confined to the Gospel (John 4:10; John 7:38). "Living water," in its simplest literalness, means such water as is pure, flowing, clear, fresh, and wholesome; not stagnant, or turbid, or salt. Hence it is a proper term for the water of a beautiful and fertilizing river. Here, however, the genitival form reminds us of the familiar expression, similarly moulded, "the tree of life," which inclines us to think that" water of life" signifies water possessing life giving powers, water which restores, refreshes, supports life, and is therefore to be compared with "living water" taken in its spiritual sense. Of this whosoever drinketh shall never thirst again; when it has been once received within the soul, it becomes a well of water springing up into everlasting life (John 4:14). Clear as crystal, proceeding out of the throne of God and of the Lamb; clear, or transparent. We seldom use the rendering of the Revised Version, bright, as an epithet of water. As crystal (see note on Revelation 4:6, the only other place in the New Testament where the word occurs). The source of the river was in the Divine throne, the seat of the Triune God and the crucified Saviour. All eternal life is derived from our heavenly Father by the Holy Spirit for the sake of the Redeemer.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Greek
Then
Καὶ (Kai)
Conjunction
Strong's 2532: And, even, also, namely.

[the angel] showed
ἔδειξέν (edeixen)
Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular
Strong's 1166: A prolonged form of an obsolete primary of the same meaning; to show.

me
μοι (moi)
Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative 1st Person Singular
Strong's 1473: I, the first-person pronoun. A primary pronoun of the first person I.

a river
ποταμὸν (potamon)
Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular
Strong's 4215: A river, torrent, stream. Probably from a derivative of the alternate of pino; a current, brook or freshet, i.e. Running water.

of the water
ὕδατος (hydatos)
Noun - Genitive Neuter Singular
Strong's 5204: Water. And genitive case, hudatos, etc. From the base of huetos; water literally or figuratively.

of life,
ζωῆς (zōēs)
Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular
Strong's 2222: Life, both of physical (present) and of spiritual (particularly future) existence. From zao; life.

as clear
λαμπρὸν (lampron)
Adjective - Accusative Masculine Singular
Strong's 2986: From the same as lampas; radiant; by analogy, limpid; figuratively, magnificent or sumptuous.

as
ὡς (hōs)
Adverb
Strong's 5613: Probably adverb of comparative from hos; which how, i.e. In that manner.

crystal,
κρύσταλλον (krystallon)
Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular
Strong's 2930: Crystal. From a derivative of kruos; ice, i.e. rock 'crystal'.

flowing
ἐκπορευόμενον (ekporeuomenon)
Verb - Present Participle Middle or Passive - Accusative Masculine Singular
Strong's 1607: From ek and poreuomai; to depart, be discharged, proceed, project.

from
ἐκ (ek)
Preposition
Strong's 1537: From out, out from among, from, suggesting from the interior outwards. A primary preposition denoting origin, from, out.

the
τοῦ (tou)
Article - Genitive Masculine Singular
Strong's 3588: The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.

throne
θρόνου (thronou)
Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular
Strong's 2362: From thrao; a stately seat; by implication, power or a potentate.

of God
Θεοῦ (Theou)
Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular
Strong's 2316: A deity, especially the supreme Divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; by Hebraism, very.

and
καὶ (kai)
Conjunction
Strong's 2532: And, even, also, namely.

of the
τοῦ (tou)
Article - Genitive Neuter Singular
Strong's 3588: The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.

Lamb
Ἀρνίου (Arniou)
Noun - Genitive Neuter Singular
Strong's 721: (originally: a little lamb, but diminutive force was lost), a lamb. Diminutive from aren; a lambkin.


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NT Prophecy: Revelation 22:1 He showed me a river of water (Rev. Re Apocalypse)
Revelation 21:27
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