Lexical Summary trauma: Wound, injury Original Word: τραῦμα Strong's Exhaustive Concordance wound. From the base of titrosko (to wound; akin to the base of thrauo, tribos, trizo, etc.); a wound -- wound. see GREEK thrauo see GREEK tribos see GREEK trizo NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Originof uncertain origin Definition a wound NASB Translation wounds (1). Thayer's Greek Lexicon STRONGS NT 5134: τραῦματραῦμα, τραύματος, τό (ΤΡΑΩ, ΤΡΟΩΟ, τιτρώσκω, to wound, akin to θραύω), a wound: Luke 10:34. (From Aeschylus and Herodotus down; the Sept. several times for פֶּצַע .) Topical Lexicon Definition in Context Strong’s Greek 5134 (τραῦμα, plural τραύματα) denotes a literal wound produced by violence or accident. The single New Testament occurrence (Luke 10:34) presents the term as a concrete injury requiring compassionate attention and medical care. Occurrence and Narrative Setting Luke 10:34 – “He went to him and bandaged his wounds, pouring on oil and wine.” The word appears in the Parable of the Good Samaritan. Here, τραύματα describes the injuries inflicted by robbers upon the traveler. The Samaritan’s response—binding the wounds, applying oil and wine, and providing continued care—embodies the neighbor-love Jesus commands (Luke 10:27). Old Testament and Jewish Background Although τραῦμα itself is not used in the Septuagint, synonymous Hebrew concepts of wounds and bruises saturate passages such as Isaiah 1:6; Psalm 147:3; and Proverbs 27:6. Oil (Isaiah 1:6) and wine (Proverbs 31:6) were common first-century remedies, a practice mirrored in Luke 10:34. Thus the parable resonates with familiar covenant imagery: Israel’s spiritual “wounds” demand divine healing, prefiguring the Messiah’s redemptive work. Theology of Wounds 1. Human brokenness: Wounds represent the damage sin and a fallen world inflict on people (Psalm 38:5; Jeremiah 30:12-13). Christological Implications The Good Samaritan foreshadows Jesus Christ: The narrative therefore links physical first aid to the Gospel’s saving work, underlining the unity of compassion and redemption. Pastoral and Missional Application 1. Holistic ministry: Believers imitate Christ by addressing physical, emotional, and spiritual wounds (James 2:15-16). Historical Insight Oil functioned as both cleanser and soothing agent; wine, with its alcohol content, served as an antiseptic. First-century roads from Jerusalem to Jericho were notorious for banditry. Listeners immediately grasped the severity of τραύματα and the urgency of timely care, enhancing the parable’s force. Doctrinal Observations • Sin produces real harm; Scripture refuses to spiritualize away human pain. Conclusion Traύματα, though occurring only once in the New Testament, carries rich theological weight. In Luke 10:34 it encapsulates humanity’s plight, God’s provision, and the church’s mandate to bind up the wounded in Christ’s name until He returns to complete every healing (Revelation 21:4). Forms and Transliterations τραύμα τραύμά τραυματα τραύματα τραυματία τραυματίαι τραυματίαις τραυματίαν τραυματίας τραυματίου τραυματιών τραύματος τραυμάτων traumata traúmataLinks Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel Texts |
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