Lexical Summary chatsotsrah: trumpets, trumpeters, trumpet Original Word: חֲצֹצְרָה Strong's Exhaustive Concordance trumpeter By reduplication from chatsar; a trumpet (from its sundered or quavering note) -- trumpet(-er). see HEBREW chatsar NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Originfrom an unused word Definition (an ancient) trumpet NASB Translation trumpet (1), trumpeters (3), trumpets (26). Brown-Driver-Briggs חֲצֹצְרָה noun feminine clarion (Late Hebrew חֲצוֺצֶרֶת, Aramaic חֲצוֺצַרְתָּצ) — mostly P and late; — absolute ׳ח Hosea 5:8; plural absolute חֲצֹצְרוֺת Numbers 10:8 22t.; חֲצֹצְרֹת Numbers 10:9,10; construct id. Numbers 31:6; 2Chronicles 13:12; חֲצוֺצְרֹת Numbers 10:2; clarion: 1 as secular instr. Hosea 5:8 ("" שׁוֺפָר) 2 Kings 11:14 (twice in verse) = 2Chronicles 23:13 (twice in verse). 2 as sacred instr. 2 Kings 12:14, especially for use by priests (only P, Psalm 98 and Chronicles). a. ׳תקע בח (of blowing a single long blast) Numbers 10:3,4,7,8, to gather congregation or ׳נשׂיא together, and, on festivals, over sacrifice, 'to be remembered before ׳י,' Numbers 10:10. b. ׳תקע תרועה בח, or ׳הריע בח (of sounding alarm, — a series of quick blasts) for camps to move Numbers 10:5,6, also in battle, Numbers 10:9, 'to be remembered before ׳י;' so Numbers 31:6; 2Chronicles 13:12 (compare 2 Chronicles 13:14), both התרועה ׳ח. c. especially in Chr's descriptions of ceremonies at festivals, to express rejoicing: 1 Chronicles 13:8; 1 Chronicles 15:28 ("" קוֺל שׁוֺפָר), 1 Chronicles 16:6,42; 2Chronicles 15:14 ("" שׁוֺפָר), 2 Chronicles 20:28; 29:26,27; Ezra 3:10; Nehemiah 12:35,41; Psalm 98:6 ("" קוֺל שׁוֺפָר); ׳הָרִים קוֺל בח2Chronicles 5:13; ׳מחצצרים בח 1 Chronicles 15:24; 2Chronicles 5:12,13; 13:14; in 2 Chronicles 29:28 this participle agrees with noun in sense, and is masculine; and the clarions (= players on the clarions) sounded. — The חֲצֹצְרָה, or (sacred) clarion, was a long, straight, slender metal tube, with flaring end, see BenzArchäol. 277; distinguished thus from the שׁוֺפָר which was originally a ram's horn, and probably always retained the horn-shape; the שׁוֺפָר is mentioned constantly in the earlier literature, and was used by watchmen, warriors, etc., as well as priests (see Benzib. 276 and שׁוֺפָר). Topical Lexicon Physical Design and Divine Origin חֲצֹצְרָה (chatsotsrah) denotes the long, straight, metal trumpet prescribed by the LORD to Moses. According to Numbers 10:2 the pair was to be “of hammered silver,” emphasizing both purity and durability. Unlike the curved animal-horn shofar, the chatsotsrah was a crafted instrument whose very form testified to the orderly craftsmanship involved in the tabernacle cultus. Priestly Stewardship Only the sons of Aaron were authorized to sound these trumpets (Numbers 10:8). The restriction underlines their liturgical character: they were not common noisemakers but sanctified tools for priestly mediation, functioning as audible links between heaven and Israel. Signals for Assembly and Movement Immediately after their introduction the trumpets governed Israel’s life in the wilderness. Distinct blasts summoned the congregation, alerted tribal leaders, and ordered the stages of the march (Numbers 10:3–7). By this means the LORD Himself organized His covenant people, turning a vast former-slave multitude into a disciplined theocratic army. Warfare and Divine Remembrance “When you enter into battle in your own land against an enemy who oppresses you, sound a blast on the trumpets. Then you will be remembered before the LORD your God” (Numbers 10:9). The sound did not magically coerce God; it expressed faith and invoked the covenant promises. Moses demonstrated this pattern when Phinehas “took with him the holy articles and the trumpets for signaling” into the Midianite campaign (Numbers 31:6). Centuries later King Abijah appealed to the same ordinance: “His priests with their trumpets are ready to sound the battle cry against you” (2 Chronicles 13:12), and Judah’s smaller army prevailed. Festivals and Sacrificial Praise “Also at your times of rejoicing… you are to sound the trumpets over your burnt offerings” (Numbers 10:10). The instrument marked: Royal Installation and Covenant Renewal At Joash’s coronation the high priest Jehoiada stationed trumpeters by the king (2 Kings 11:14; 2 Chronicles 23:13). Their blast proclaimed lawful succession and reminded the nation that kingship existed under divine covenant, not mere human power. Communal Celebration and Procession After the walls of Jerusalem were rebuilt, Nehemiah led a double choir around the ramparts, each escorted by trumpeters (Nehemiah 12:35, 41). The sacred sound fused civic joy with worship, illustrating that national security ultimately rests upon the LORD. Prophetic and Typological Significance Though the word changes to Greek salpinx, the prophetic imagery carries into the New Testament. Paul speaks of “the last trumpet” at the resurrection (1 Corinthians 15:52) and the Lord’s descent “with the trumpet call of God” (1 Thessalonians 4:16). These echoes draw on the Old-Testament function of the chatsotsrah: summoning God’s people, announcing divine intervention, and inaugurating victory. Chronological Survey of Key Occurrences Numbers 10:2, 8–10; Numbers 31:6 Joshua 6:4–20 (combined with shofar, underscoring multi-instrumental warfare liturgy) 2 Chronicles 5:12–13; 7:6; 13:12, 14; 15:14; 20:28; 23:13; 29:26, 28 Hosea 5:8 (as a warning blast) Joel 2:15 (calling a sacred assembly) Ministry Lessons for Today 1. God values order in worship; audible cues can reinforce congregational unity. Forms and Transliterations בַּ֭חֲצֹ֣צְרוֹת בַּֽחֲצֹצְר֑וֹת בַּחֲצֹ֣צְר֔וֹת בַּחֲצֹֽצְר֑וֹת בַּחֲצֹֽצְר֗וֹת בַּחֲצֹֽצְרֹ֗ת בַּחֲצֹֽצְרֽוֹת׃ בַּחֲצֹצְר֑וֹת בַּחֲצֹצְר֣וֹת בַּחֲצֹצְר֨וֹת בַּחֲצֹצְרֽוֹת׃ בחצצרות בחצצרות׃ בחצצרת וְהַחֲצֹ֣צְר֔וֹת וְהַחֲצֹֽצְרוֹת֙ וְהַחֲצֹצְר֖וֹת וְהַחֲצֹצְרוֹת֮ וַחֲצֹצְר֥וֹת וּבַחֲצֹצְר֑וֹת וּבַחֲצֹצְר֖וֹת וּבַחֲצֹצְרֽוֹת׃ ובחצצרות ובחצצרות׃ והחצצרות וחצצרות חֲצֹ֣צְר֔וֹת חֲצֹצְר֤וֹת חֲצֹצְרָ֖ה חֲצֽוֹצְרֹ֣ת חצוצרת חצצרה חצצרות ba·ḥă·ṣō·ṣə·rō·wṯ ba·ḥă·ṣō·ṣə·rōṯ bachatzotzeRot baḥăṣōṣərōṯ baḥăṣōṣərōwṯ chatzotzeRah chaTzotzeRot chatzotzRot ḥă·ṣō·ṣə·rāh ḥă·ṣō·ṣə·rō·wṯ ḥă·ṣō·wṣ·rōṯ ḥăṣōṣərāh ḥăṣōṣərōwṯ ḥăṣōwṣrōṯ ū·ḇa·ḥă·ṣō·ṣə·rō·wṯ ūḇaḥăṣōṣərōwṯ uvachatzotzeRot vachatzotzeRot vehachatzotzerOt wa·ḥă·ṣō·ṣə·rō·wṯ waḥăṣōṣərōwṯ wə·ha·ḥă·ṣō·ṣə·rō·wṯ wəhaḥăṣōṣərōwṯLinks Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel TextsEnglishman's Concordance Numbers 10:2 HEB: לְךָ֗ שְׁתֵּי֙ חֲצֽוֹצְרֹ֣ת כֶּ֔סֶף מִקְשָׁ֖ה NAS: yourself two trumpets of silver, KJV: thee two trumpets of silver; INT: Make two trumpets of silver of hammered Numbers 10:8 Numbers 10:9 Numbers 10:10 Numbers 31:6 2 Kings 11:14 2 Kings 11:14 2 Kings 12:13 1 Chronicles 13:8 1 Chronicles 15:24 1 Chronicles 15:28 1 Chronicles 16:6 1 Chronicles 16:42 2 Chronicles 5:12 2 Chronicles 5:13 2 Chronicles 13:12 2 Chronicles 13:14 2 Chronicles 15:14 2 Chronicles 20:28 2 Chronicles 23:13 2 Chronicles 23:13 2 Chronicles 29:26 2 Chronicles 29:27 2 Chronicles 29:28 Ezra 3:10 29 Occurrences |
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