Judges 11:3
New International Version
So Jephthah fled from his brothers and settled in the land of Tob, where a gang of scoundrels gathered around him and followed him.

New Living Translation
So Jephthah fled from his brothers and lived in the land of Tob. Soon he had a band of worthless rebels following him.

English Standard Version
Then Jephthah fled from his brothers and lived in the land of Tob, and worthless fellows collected around Jephthah and went out with him.

Berean Standard Bible
So Jephthah fled from his brothers and settled in the land of Tob, where worthless men gathered around him and traveled with him.

King James Bible
Then Jephthah fled from his brethren, and dwelt in the land of Tob: and there were gathered vain men to Jephthah, and went out with him.

New King James Version
Then Jephthah fled from his brothers and dwelt in the land of Tob; and worthless men banded together with Jephthah and went out raiding with him.

New American Standard Bible
So Jephthah fled from his brothers and lived in the land of Tob; and worthless men gathered around Jephthah, and they went wherever he did.

NASB 1995
So Jephthah fled from his brothers and lived in the land of Tob; and worthless fellows gathered themselves about Jephthah, and they went out with him.

NASB 1977
So Jephthah fled from his brothers and lived in the land of Tob; and worthless fellows gathered themselves about Jephthah, and they went out with him.

Legacy Standard Bible
So Jephthah fled from his brothers and lived in the land of Tob; and worthless fellows gathered themselves about Jephthah, and they went out with him.

Amplified Bible
Then Jephthah fled from his brothers and lived in the land of Tob; and worthless and unprincipled men gathered around Jephthah, and went out [on raids] with him.

Christian Standard Bible
So Jephthah fled from his brothers and lived in the land of Tob. Then some worthless men joined Jephthah and went on raids with him.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
So Jephthah fled from his brothers and lived in the land of Tob. Then some lawless men joined Jephthah and traveled with him.

American Standard Version
Then Jephthah fled from his brethren, and dwelt in the land of Tob: and there were gathered vain fellows to Jephthah, and they went out with him.

English Revised Version
Then Jephthah fled from his brethren, and dwelt in the land of Tob: and there were gathered vain fellows to Jephthah, and they went out with him.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Jephthah fled from his brothers. He went to live in the land of Tob. Worthless men gathered around Jephthah and went out [on raids] with him.

Good News Translation
Jephthah fled from his brothers and lived in the land of Tob. There he attracted a group of worthless men, and they went around with him.

International Standard Version
So Jephthah escaped from his brothers and lived in the territory of Tob, where worthless men gathered themselves around him and went out on raiding parties with him.

Majority Standard Bible
So Jephthah fled from his brothers and settled in the land of Tob, where worthless men gathered around him and traveled with him.

NET Bible
So Jephthah left his half-brothers and lived in the land of Tob. Lawless men joined Jephthah's gang and traveled with him.

New Heart English Bible
Then Jephthah fled from his brothers, and lived in the land of Tob: and there were gathered vain fellows to Jephthah, and they went out with him.

Webster's Bible Translation
Then Jephthah fled from his brethren, and dwelt in the land of Tob: and there were gathered vain men to Jephthah, and they went out with him.

World English Bible
Then Jephthah fled from his brothers and lived in the land of Tob. Outlaws joined up with Jephthah, and they went out with him.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And Jephthah flees from the face of his brothers, and dwells in the land of Tob; and vain men gather themselves together to Jephthah, and they go out with him.

Young's Literal Translation
And Jephthah fleeth from the face of his brethren, and dwelleth in the land of Tob; and vain men gather themselves together unto Jephthah, and they go out with him.

Smith's Literal Translation
And Jephthah will flee from the face of his brethren and will dwell in the land of Tob: and empty men will gather together to Jephthah and will go forth with him.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
Then he fled and avoided them and dwelt in the land of Tob: and there were gathered to him needy men, and robbers, and they followed him as their prince.

Catholic Public Domain Version
And so, fleeing and avoiding them, he lived in the land of Tob. And men who were indigent and robbers joined with him, and they followed him as their leader.

New American Bible
So Jephthah had fled from his brothers and taken up residence in the land of Tob. Worthless men had joined company with him, and went out with him on raids.

New Revised Standard Version
Then Jephthah fled from his brothers and lived in the land of Tob. Outlaws collected around Jephthah and went raiding with him.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
Then Jephthah fled from his brothers, and dwelt in the land of Tobtha; and there were gathered worthless men to Jephthah, and they went raiding with him.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And Naphthakh fled from before his brothers and dwelt in a good land, and worthless men were gathered to Naphthakh, and they went out with him
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
Then Jephthah fled from his brethren, and dwelt in the land of Tob; and there were gathered vain fellows to Jephthah, and they went out with him.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And Jephthae fled from the face of his brethren, and dwelt in the land of Tob; and vain men gathered to Jephthae, and went out with him.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Jephthah Delivers Israel
2And Gilead’s wife bore him sons who grew up, drove Jephthah out, and said to him, “You shall have no inheritance in our father’s house, because you are the son of another woman.” 3So Jephthah fled from his brothers and settled in the land of Tob, where worthless men gathered around him and traveled with him. 4Some time later, when the Ammonites fought against Israel…

Cross References
Hebrews 11:32
And what more shall I say? Time will not allow me to tell of Gideon, Barak, Samson, Jephthah, David, Samuel, and the prophets,

1 Samuel 22:2
And all who were distressed or indebted or discontented rallied around him, and he became their leader. About four hundred men were with him.

2 Samuel 10:6
When the Ammonites realized that they had become a stench to David, they hired twenty thousand Aramean foot soldiers from Beth-rehob and Zoba, as well as a thousand men from the king of Maacah and twelve thousand men from Tob.

1 Chronicles 19:6
When the Ammonites realized that they had become a stench to David, Hanun and the Ammonites sent a thousand talents of silver to hire for themselves chariots and horsemen from Aram-naharaim, Aram-maacah, and Zobah.

1 Samuel 10:26
Saul also went to his home in Gibeah, and the men of valor whose hearts God had touched went with him.

1 Samuel 14:52
And the war with the Philistines was fierce for all the days of Saul. So whenever he noticed any strong or brave man, Saul would enlist him.

1 Samuel 25:10
But Nabal asked them, “Who is David? Who is this son of Jesse? Many servants these days are breaking away from their masters.

2 Kings 14:7
Amaziah struck down 10,000 Edomites in the Valley of Salt. He took Sela in battle and called it Joktheel, which is its name to this very day.

2 Kings 24:14
He carried into exile all Jerusalem—all the commanders and mighty men of valor, all the craftsmen and metalsmiths—ten thousand captives in all. Only the poorest people of the land remained.

1 Samuel 30:22
but all the wicked and worthless men among those who had gone with David said, “Because they did not go with us, we will not share with them the plunder we recovered, except for each man’s wife and children. They may take them and go.”

2 Samuel 23:13
At harvest time, three of the thirty chief men went down to David at the cave of Adullam, while a company of Philistines was encamped in the Valley of Rephaim.

1 Chronicles 12:1-2
Now these were the men who came to David at Ziklag, while he was still banished from the presence of Saul son of Kish (they were among the mighty men who helped him in battle; / they were archers using both the right and left hands to sling stones and shoot arrows; and they were Saul’s kinsmen from Benjamin):

1 Samuel 8:4-5
So all the elders of Israel gathered together and came to Samuel at Ramah. / “Look,” they said, “you are old, and your sons do not walk in your ways. Now appoint a king to judge us like all the other nations.”

1 Samuel 9:16
“At this time tomorrow I will send you a man from the land of Benjamin, and you are to anoint him ruler over My people Israel; he will save them from the hand of the Philistines. For I have looked upon My people, because their cry has come to Me.”

1 Samuel 11:1-11
Then Nahash the Ammonite came up and laid siege to Jabesh-gilead. All the men of Jabesh said to him, “Make a treaty with us, and we will serve you.” / But Nahash the Ammonite replied, “I will make a treaty with you on one condition, that I may put out everyone’s right eye and bring reproach upon all Israel.” / “Hold off for seven days,” replied the elders of Jabesh, “and let us send messengers throughout Israel. If there is no one to save us, we will surrender to you.” ...


Treasury of Scripture

Then Jephthah fled from his brothers, and dwelled in the land of Tob: and there were gathered vain men to Jephthah, and went out with him.

from his brethren.

Judges 5:13
Then he made him that remaineth have dominion over the nobles among the people: the LORD made me have dominion over the mighty.

2 Samuel 10:6
And when the children of Ammon saw that they stank before David, the children of Ammon sent and hired the Syrians of Bethrehob, and the Syrians of Zoba, twenty thousand footmen, and of king Maacah a thousand men, and of Ishtob twelve thousand men.

vain men

Judges 9:4
And they gave him threescore and ten pieces of silver out of the house of Baalberith, wherewith Abimelech hired vain and light persons, which followed him.

1 Samuel 22:2
And every one that was in distress, and every one that was in debt, and every one that was discontented, gathered themselves unto him; and he became a captain over them: and there were with him about four hundred men.

1 Samuel 27:2
And David arose, and he passed over with the six hundred men that were with him unto Achish, the son of Maoch, king of Gath.

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Adventurers Collected Dwelleth Dwelt Jephthah Joining Raiding Round Settled Themselves Tob Together Vain Worthless
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Adventurers Collected Dwelleth Dwelt Jephthah Joining Raiding Round Settled Themselves Tob Together Vain Worthless
Judges 11
1. The covenant between Jephthah and the Gileadites, that he should lead
12. The treaty of peace between him and the Ammonites is in vain
29. Jephthah's vow
32. His conquest of the Ammonites
34. He performs his vow on his daughter.














So Jephthah fled from his brothers
The name "Jephthah" in Hebrew is יִפְתָּח (Yiphtach), meaning "he opens" or "whom God sets free." This name is significant as it foreshadows Jephthah's role in delivering Israel. The phrase "fled from his brothers" indicates a forced separation due to familial rejection. Historically, this reflects the ancient Near Eastern practice where illegitimate children, like Jephthah, were often ostracized. This rejection parallels the experiences of other biblical figures, such as Joseph, who also faced familial betrayal but were later used mightily by God.

and settled in the land of Tob
The "land of Tob" is believed to be located northeast of Gilead, possibly in modern-day Syria. The Hebrew word טוֹב (Tob) means "good" or "pleasant," which is ironic given Jephthah's circumstances. This settlement away from his family signifies a new beginning, a place where Jephthah could establish himself independently. In a broader biblical context, God often uses places of exile or separation to prepare His chosen leaders, as seen with Moses in Midian or David in the wilderness.

where a group of worthless men joined him
The term "worthless men" is translated from the Hebrew אֲנָשִׁים רֵיקִים (anashim reiqim), literally "empty men." This phrase suggests individuals who were marginalized or disenfranchised, similar to those who gathered around David at the cave of Adullam (1 Samuel 22:2). These men, though considered "worthless" by societal standards, found a leader in Jephthah. This gathering highlights a recurring biblical theme: God often uses the unlikely and the outcast to accomplish His purposes, emphasizing His power to transform and redeem.

and traveled with him
The act of traveling together implies a sense of community and shared purpose. In the ancient world, such bands of men often formed for mutual protection and survival. This phrase suggests that Jephthah, despite his rejection, possessed leadership qualities that attracted followers. Scripturally, this foreshadows Jephthah's future role as a judge and deliverer of Israel. It serves as a reminder that God equips and prepares His servants, even in seemingly adverse circumstances, for the tasks He has ordained for them.

(3) Dwelt in the land of Tob.--A Syrian district on the north-east of Peraea (2Samuel 10:6). It is referred to in 1 Maccabees 5:13; 2 Maccabees 12:17. The name means "good," but lends no sanction to the idle allegories which have been based upon it.

Vain men.--Judges 9:4.

Went out with him.--Jephthah simply became a sort of Syrian freebooter. His half-heathen origin, no doubt, influenced his character unfavourably, as it had done that of Abimelech.

Verse 3. - The land of Tob. This is certainly the same country as is spoken of in Ish-tob, i.e. the men of Tob, of whom 12,000 were hired by the children of Ammon to fight against David. They are thus named side by side with the men of Beth-Rehob, and Zoba, and Maacah, other small Aramean or Syrian states (2 Samuel 10:6, 8). Tob is again mentioned in all probability in 1 Macc. 5:13; 2 Macc. 12:17, and the Thauba of Ptolemy agrees in situation as well as in name with Tob, but no identification with any existing place has been hitherto effected. Vain men, as in Judges 9:4.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
So Jephthah
יִפְתָּח֙ (yip̄·tāḥ)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3316: Jephthah -- 'He opens', a Gileadite, also a city of Judah

fled
וַיִּבְרַ֤ח (way·yiḇ·raḥ)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 1272: To bolt, to flee suddenly

from
מִפְּנֵ֣י (mip·pə·nê)
Preposition-m | Noun - common plural construct
Strong's 6440: The face

his brothers
אֶחָ֔יו (’e·ḥāw)
Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 251: A brother, )

and settled
וַיֵּ֖שֶׁב (way·yê·šeḇ)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 3427: To sit down, to dwell, to remain, to settle, to marry

in the land
בְּאֶ֣רֶץ (bə·’e·reṣ)
Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct
Strong's 776: Earth, land

of Tob,
ט֑וֹב (ṭō·wḇ)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 2897: Tob -- a region East of the Jordan

where a group of rebels
רֵיקִ֔ים (rê·qîm)
Adjective - masculine plural
Strong's 7386: Empty, worthless

joined
וַיִּֽתְלַקְּט֤וּ (way·yiṯ·laq·qə·ṭū)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hitpael - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural
Strong's 3950: To pick up, to gather, to glean

him
יִפְתָּח֙ (yip̄·tāḥ)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3316: Jephthah -- 'He opens', a Gileadite, also a city of Judah

and traveled
וַיֵּצְא֖וּ (way·yê·ṣə·’ū)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural
Strong's 3318: To go, bring, out, direct and proxim

with him.
עִמּֽוֹ׃ (‘im·mōw)
Preposition | third person masculine singular
Strong's 5973: With, equally with


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OT History: Judges 11:3 Then Jephthah fled from his brothers (Jd Judg. Jdg)
Judges 11:2
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