Numbers 35:23
New International Version
or, without seeing them, drops on them a stone heavy enough to kill them, and they die, then since that other person was not an enemy and no harm was intended,

New Living Translation
or accidentally drops a huge stone on someone, though they were not enemies, and the person dies.

English Standard Version
or used a stone that could cause death, and without seeing him dropped it on him, so that he died, though he was not his enemy and did not seek his harm,

Berean Standard Bible
or without looking drops a heavy stone that kills him, but he was not an enemy and did not intend to harm him,

King James Bible
Or with any stone, wherewith a man may die, seeing him not, and cast it upon him, that he die, and was not his enemy, neither sought his harm:

New King James Version
or uses a stone, by which a man could die, throwing it at him without seeing him, so that he dies, while he was not his enemy or seeking his harm,

New American Standard Bible
or had any deadly stone, and without looking he dropped it on him so that he died, while he was not his enemy nor was he seeking to harm him,

NASB 1995
or with any deadly object of stone, and without seeing it dropped on him so that he died, while he was not his enemy nor seeking his injury,

NASB 1977
or with any deadly object of stone, and without seeing it dropped on him so that he died, while he was not his enemy nor seeking his injury,

Legacy Standard Bible
or with any stone—by which one might die, yet without seeing—and it fell upon him, and he died, but he was not his enemy nor seeking his injury,

Amplified Bible
or without seeing him hit him [accidentally] with a stone object that could kill him, and he died, and [the offender] was not his enemy nor intending to harm him,

Christian Standard Bible
or without looking drops a stone that could kill a person and he dies, but he was not his enemy and didn’t intend to harm him,

Holman Christian Standard Bible
or without looking drops a stone that could kill a person and he dies, but he was not his enemy and wasn’t trying to harm him,

American Standard Version
or with any stone, whereby a man may die, seeing him not, and cast it upon him, so that he died, and he was not his enemy, neither sought his harm;

English Revised Version
or with any stone, whereby a man may die, seeing him not, and cast it upon him, so that he died, and he was not his enemy, neither sought his harm:

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Or suppose you drop a big stone, and someone is killed. However, you didn't know the person was there, he wasn't your enemy, and you weren't trying to harm him.

Good News Translation
Or suppose that, without looking, you throw a stone that kills someone whom you did not intend to hurt and who was not your enemy.

International Standard Version
or if he hit him with a stone carelessly so that he was fatally injured, though he isn't his enemy and he wasn't seeking to commit evil against him,

Majority Standard Bible
or without looking drops a heavy stone that kills him, but he was not an enemy and did not intend to harm him,

NET Bible
or with any stone large enough that a man could die, without seeing him, and throws it at him, and he dies, even though he was not his enemy nor sought his harm,

New Heart English Bible
or with any stone, by which a man may die, not seeing him, and cast it on him, so that he died, and he was not his enemy, neither sought his harm;

Webster's Bible Translation
Or with any stone, by which a man may die, seeing him not, and shall cast it upon him, that he die, and was not his enemy, neither sought his harm:

World English Bible
or with any stone, by which a man may die, not seeing him, and cast it on him so that he died, and he was not his enemy and not seeking his harm,
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
or with any stone with which he could die, without seeing, indeed, causes [it] to fall on him, and he dies, and he [is] not his enemy, nor seeking his evil,

Young's Literal Translation
or with any stone wherewith he dieth, without seeing, and causeth it to fall upon him, and he dieth, and he is not his enemy, nor seeking his evil;

Smith's Literal Translation
Or with any stone which he shall die by it in not seeing, and it will fall upon him and he shall die, and he not an enemy to him and not seeking his hurt:
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And enmity, he do any of these things,

Catholic Public Domain Version
or animosity, he will have done any of these things,

New American Bible
or without seeing drops upon another some death-dealing stone and death results, although there was neither enmity nor malice—

New Revised Standard Version
or, while handling any stone that could cause death, unintentionally drops it on another and death ensues, though they were not enemies, and no harm was intended,
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
Or with any stone with which a man may die, without seeing him when he cast it upon him, and he died, and was not his enemy, neither sought his harm;

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
Or he threw any stone upon him that kills, when he did not see, and he died, and was not his enemy and was not seeking his harm:
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
or with any stone, whereby a man may die, seeing him not, and cast it upon him, so that he died, and he was not his enemy, neither sought his harm;

Brenton Septuagint Translation
or smite him with any stone, whereby a man may die, unawares, and it should fall upon him, and he should die, but he was not his enemy, nor sought to hurt him;

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Six Cities of Refuge
22But if anyone pushes a person suddenly, without hostility, or throws an object at him unintentionally, 23or without looking drops a heavy stone that kills him, but he was not an enemy and did not intend to harm him, 24then the congregation must judge between the slayer and the avenger of blood according to these ordinances.…

Cross References
Deuteronomy 19:4-6
Now this is the situation regarding the manslayer who flees to one of these cities to save his life, having killed his neighbor accidentally, without intending to harm him: / If he goes into the forest with his neighbor to cut timber and swings his axe to chop down a tree, but the blade flies off the handle and strikes and kills his neighbor, he may flee to one of these cities to save his life. / Otherwise, the avenger of blood might pursue the manslayer in a rage, overtake him if the distance is great, and strike him dead though he did not deserve to die, since he did not intend any harm.

Joshua 20:3-5
so that anyone who kills another unintentionally or accidentally may flee there. These will be your refuge from the avenger of blood. / When someone flees to one of these cities, stands at the entrance of the city gate, and states his case before its elders, they are to bring him into the city and give him a place to live among them. / Now if the avenger of blood pursues him, they must not surrender the manslayer into his hand, because that man killed his neighbor accidentally without prior malice.

Exodus 21:13
If, however, he did not lie in wait, but God allowed it to happen, then I will appoint for you a place where he may flee.

1 Kings 2:28-34
When the news reached Joab, who had conspired with Adonijah but not with Absalom, he fled to the tent of the LORD and took hold of the horns of the altar. / It was reported to King Solomon: “Joab has fled to the tent of the LORD and is now beside the altar.” So Solomon sent Benaiah son of Jehoiada, saying, “Go, strike him down!” / And Benaiah entered the tent of the LORD and said to Joab, “The king says, ‘Come out!’” But Joab replied, “No, I will die here.” So Benaiah relayed the message to the king, saying, “This is how Joab answered me.” ...

2 Samuel 14:14
For we will surely die and be like water poured out on the ground, which cannot be recovered. Yet God does not take away a life, but He devises ways that the banished one may not be cast out from Him.

Acts 28:4
When the islanders saw the creature hanging from his hand, they said to one another, “Surely this man is a murderer. Although he was saved from the sea, Justice has not allowed him to live.”

Romans 13:4
For he is God’s servant for your good. But if you do wrong, be afraid, for he does not carry the sword in vain. He is God’s servant, an agent of retribution to the wrongdoer.

Hebrews 6:18
Thus by two unchangeable things in which it is impossible for God to lie, we who have fled to take hold of the hope set before us may be strongly encouraged.

Matthew 5:21-22
You have heard that it was said to the ancients, ‘Do not murder’ and ‘Anyone who murders will be subject to judgment.’ / But I tell you that anyone who is angry with his brother will be subject to judgment. Again, anyone who says to his brother, ‘Raca,’ will be subject to the Sanhedrin. But anyone who says, ‘You fool!’ will be subject to the fire of hell.

1 John 3:15
Everyone who hates his brother is a murderer, and you know that eternal life does not reside in a murderer.

Genesis 9:6
Whoever sheds the blood of man, by man his blood will be shed; for in His own image God has made mankind.

Leviticus 24:17
And if a man takes the life of anyone else, he must surely be put to death.

Deuteronomy 19:11-13
If, however, a man hates his neighbor and lies in wait, attacks him and kills him, and then flees to one of these cities, / the elders of his city must send for him, bring him back, and hand him over to the avenger of blood to die. / You must show him no pity. You are to purge from Israel the guilt of shedding innocent blood, that it may go well with you.

2 Kings 14:6
Yet he did not put the sons of the murderers to death, but acted according to what is written in the Book of the Law of Moses, where the LORD commanded: “Fathers must not be put to death for their children, and children must not be put to death for their fathers; each is to die for his own sin.”

Ezekiel 18:20
The soul who sins is the one who will die. A son will not bear the iniquity of his father, and a father will not bear the iniquity of his son. The righteousness of the righteous man will fall upon him, and the wickedness of the wicked man will fall upon him.


Treasury of Scripture

Or with any stone, with which a man may die, seeing him not, and cast it on him, that he die, and was not his enemy, neither sought his harm:

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Cast Causing Deadly Death Desire Die Died Dies Dieth Dropped Drops Enemy Evil Harm Injury Intend Kill Object Seek Seeking Smitten Sought Stone Used Whereby Wherewith
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Cast Causing Deadly Death Desire Die Died Dies Dieth Dropped Drops Enemy Evil Harm Injury Intend Kill Object Seek Seeking Smitten Sought Stone Used Whereby Wherewith
Numbers 35
1. Forty-eight cities for the Levites, with their suburbs, and measure thereof
6. Six of them are to be cities of refuge
9. The laws of murder and manslaughter
31. No satisfaction for murder














or without looking
The phrase "without looking" suggests an action done inadvertently or without intention. In the Hebrew context, this implies a lack of awareness or foresight. The Hebrew root here can be associated with negligence or an accidental oversight. This highlights the importance of vigilance and awareness in our actions, reminding us that even unintentional acts can have serious consequences. Spiritually, it calls believers to be mindful and intentional in their daily walk, ensuring that their actions align with God's will.

drops a stone
The act of dropping a stone in ancient times could be a common occurrence, given the prevalence of stone structures and tools. The Hebrew word for "stone" (אֶבֶן, 'eben) is often used in the Old Testament to signify something foundational or significant. Here, it represents an object that, while ordinary, can become deadly when mishandled. This serves as a metaphor for the potential harm of seemingly benign actions when not guided by wisdom and care.

that kills a person
The gravity of the situation is underscored by the outcome—death. The Hebrew word for "kills" (מוּת, muth) is a strong term that denotes the cessation of life. This phrase emphasizes the sanctity of life and the severe consequences of actions, even when unintentional. It serves as a sobering reminder of the value God places on human life and the responsibility we have to protect it.

and he did not see him
This phrase indicates a lack of perception or awareness. In the Hebrew context, seeing is often equated with understanding or knowing. The absence of sight here suggests an innocence or ignorance of the impending harm. It reflects the human condition of limited understanding and the need for divine guidance to navigate life's complexities.

and he was not his enemy
The absence of enmity highlights the lack of malice or premeditation in the act. The Hebrew word for "enemy" (אוֹיֵב, oyev) often denotes hostility or opposition. This phrase reassures that the act was not born out of hatred or conflict, emphasizing the importance of examining the heart's intentions. It calls believers to maintain peace and goodwill, even in situations that could lead to misunderstanding or harm.

and he did not intend to harm him
The lack of intent to harm underscores the accidental nature of the act. The Hebrew root for "intend" (זָמַם, zamam) involves planning or devising. This phrase reassures that the act was not premeditated, highlighting the difference between accidental and intentional sin. It serves as a reminder of God's justice and mercy, recognizing human fallibility while upholding the need for accountability and reconciliation.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
or
א֣וֹ (’ōw)
Conjunction
Strong's 176: Desire, if

without
בְּלֹ֣א (bə·lō)
Preposition-b | Adverb - Negative particle
Strong's 3808: Not, no

looking
רְא֔וֹת (rə·’ō·wṯ)
Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct
Strong's 7200: To see

drops
וַיַּפֵּ֥ל (way·yap·pêl)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 5307: To fall, lie

a heavy stone
אֶ֜בֶן (’e·ḇen)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 68: A stone

that kills him,
וַיָּמֹ֑ת (way·yā·mōṯ)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 4191: To die, to kill

but he
וְהוּא֙ (wə·hū)
Conjunctive waw | Pronoun - third person masculine singular
Strong's 1931: He, self, the same, this, that, as, are

was not
לֹא־ (lō-)
Adverb - Negative particle
Strong's 3808: Not, no

an enemy
אוֹיֵ֣ב (’ō·w·yêḇ)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 341: Hating, an adversary

and did not
וְלֹ֥א (wə·lō)
Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particle
Strong's 3808: Not, no

intend
מְבַקֵּ֖שׁ (mə·ḇaq·qêš)
Verb - Piel - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 1245: To search out, to strive after

to harm him,
רָעָתֽוֹ׃ (rā·‘ā·ṯōw)
Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 7451: Bad, evil


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OT Law: Numbers 35:23 Or with any stone by which (Nu Num.)
Numbers 35:22
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