Topical Bible: Gibeon: A City of the Hivites: Abner Slays Asahel At

◄ Gibeon: A City of the Hivites: Abner Slays Asahel At ►

Topical Encyclopedia

Gibeon was a significant city in ancient Israel, known for its strategic location and historical events. It was one of the principal cities of the Hivites, a Canaanite tribe. The city is frequently mentioned in the Old Testament and played a crucial role in the history of Israel during the conquest of Canaan and the early monarchy.

Historical and Biblical Significance

Gibeon is first mentioned in the context of the Israelite conquest of Canaan. The Gibeonites, aware of the Israelites' victories over Jericho and Ai, resorted to deception to secure a peace treaty with Joshua and the Israelites. Disguising themselves as ambassadors from a distant land, they successfully convinced Joshua to make a covenant with them, sparing their lives (Joshua 9:3-15). When their ruse was discovered, the Israelites honored the treaty but made the Gibeonites woodcutters and water carriers for the congregation and the altar of the LORD (Joshua 9:16-27).

The city of Gibeon also became the site of a significant battle during the conquest. When the Amorite kings attacked Gibeon for allying with Israel, Joshua led a surprise attack against them. The LORD intervened by casting down large hailstones and causing the sun to stand still, granting Israel a decisive victory (Joshua 10:1-14).

Abner Slays Asahel at Gibeon

Gibeon is notably mentioned in the context of the conflict between the house of Saul and the house of David. After the death of King Saul, a power struggle ensued between Ish-bosheth, Saul's son, and David, who had been anointed king over Judah. Abner, the commander of Saul's army, supported Ish-bosheth, while Joab, the commander of David's forces, supported David.

A significant encounter occurred at the pool of Gibeon, where the two armies met. A fierce battle ensued, and during the pursuit, Asahel, the brother of Joab, chased Abner. Despite Abner's warnings to turn aside, Asahel persisted, and Abner, in self-defense, struck him with the butt of his spear, killing him (2 Samuel 2:12-23). This event intensified the animosity between Abner and Joab, leading to further bloodshed.

Archaeological and Geographical Context

Gibeon is identified with the modern village of el-Jib, located northwest of Jerusalem. Archaeological excavations have uncovered significant remains, including a large water system, which corroborates the biblical account of the city's importance and its strategic location.

Theological Reflections

The events at Gibeon highlight themes of divine intervention, covenant faithfulness, and the complexities of human leadership. The account of the Gibeonites serves as a reminder of God's mercy and the importance of honoring one's commitments, even when made under deceptive circumstances. The conflict between Abner and Asahel underscores the tragic consequences of personal vendettas and the need for reconciliation and justice.

Gibeon's role in Israel's history is a testament to God's sovereignty and the unfolding of His divine plan through the tumultuous events of the early monarchy.