Topical Bible: Joram: A Son of Toi: Called Hadoram

◄ Joram: A Son of Toi: Called Hadoram ►

Topical Encyclopedia

Joram, also known as Hadoram, is a biblical figure mentioned in the context of King David's reign. He is identified as the son of Toi, the king of Hamath, a region located in modern-day Syria. The narrative surrounding Joram is primarily found in the historical books of the Old Testament, specifically in 2 Samuel and 1 Chronicles.

Biblical References:

1. 2 Samuel 8:9-10 : "When Toi king of Hamath heard that David had defeated the entire army of Hadadezer, he sent his son Joram to King David to greet him and bless him for fighting against Hadadezer, who had been at war with Toi. Joram brought with him articles of silver and gold and bronze."

2. 1 Chronicles 18:9-10 : "When Tou king of Hamath heard that David had defeated the entire army of Hadadezer king of Zobah, he sent his son Hadoram to King David to greet him and bless him for fighting against Hadadezer, who had been at war with Tou. Hadoram brought all kinds of articles of gold and silver and bronze."

Historical Context:

Joram's mission to King David is set against the backdrop of David's military campaigns, which were aimed at securing Israel's borders and establishing dominance over neighboring territories. The defeat of Hadadezer, king of Zobah, was a significant victory for David, as Hadadezer was a formidable adversary with considerable influence in the region.

Diplomatic Mission:

Joram's journey to David was a diplomatic mission, intended to establish peaceful relations between Hamath and Israel. By sending his son with gifts, Toi sought to express his gratitude and support for David's actions against Hadadezer, who had been a mutual enemy. The gifts of silver, gold, and bronze were not only tokens of goodwill but also served to strengthen the alliance between the two kingdoms.

Name Variations:

The variation in Joram's name, being called Hadoram in 1 Chronicles, is an example of the textual differences that can occur in biblical manuscripts. Such variations are not uncommon and often reflect transliterations or alternative names used in different traditions or sources.

Significance:

Joram's role, though brief in the biblical narrative, highlights the broader geopolitical dynamics of the ancient Near East during David's reign. His mission underscores the importance of diplomacy and alliances in the ancient world, as well as the recognition of David's growing power and influence. The peaceful relations between Hamath and Israel, facilitated by Joram's visit, contributed to the stability and prosperity of David's kingdom.

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1 Chronicles 18:10
He sent Hadoram his son to king David, to inquire of his welfare, and to congratulate him, because he had fought against Hadarezer, and smitten him; (for Hadarezer had war with Tou;) and with him all manner of vessels of gold and silver and brass.
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