Introduction:
Toi, also spelled Tou in some biblical translations, was a king of Hamath, a city-state located in the region of modern-day Syria. His interactions with King David of Israel are recorded in the Old Testament, specifically in the books of 2 Samuel and 1 Chronicles. Toi's relationship with David is notable for its diplomatic nature during a period marked by frequent conflicts and territorial expansions.

Biblical References:
Toi is mentioned in two primary passages in the Bible: 2 Samuel 8:9-10 and 1 Chronicles 18:9-10. These passages highlight his diplomatic engagement with King David following David's military victories.

2 Samuel 8:9-10 :
"When Toi king of Hamath heard that David had defeated the entire army of Hadadezer, he sent his son Joram to King David to greet him and bless him for fighting against Hadadezer, who had been at war with Toi. Joram brought with him articles of silver and gold and bronze."

1 Chronicles 18:9-10 :
"When Tou king of Hamath heard that David had defeated the entire army of Hadadezer king of Zobah, he sent his son Hadoram to King David to greet him and bless him for fighting against Hadadezer, who had been at war with Tou. Hadoram brought all kinds of articles of gold and silver and bronze."

Historical and Cultural Context:
Hamath was an important city-state in the ancient Near East, strategically located along trade routes. During the time of Toi, the region was characterized by shifting alliances and frequent warfare among neighboring kingdoms. Toi's decision to send his son to David with gifts was a strategic diplomatic move, likely intended to secure peace and possibly an alliance with the rising power of Israel under David's leadership.

Significance of Toi's Actions:
Toi's actions demonstrate a recognition of David's growing influence and military prowess. By sending his son with gifts, Toi not only sought to establish peaceful relations but also acknowledged David's victory over Hadadezer, a common adversary. This gesture of goodwill was significant in the ancient world, where such exchanges often solidified alliances and ensured mutual benefits.

Theological Implications:
From a theological perspective, Toi's interaction with David can be seen as part of the broader narrative of God's providence in establishing David's kingdom. The peaceful overtures from neighboring rulers like Toi underscore the divine favor and protection that David experienced throughout his reign. This episode also highlights the theme of God's sovereignty over the nations, as even foreign kings recognized and respected the authority of the king whom God had chosen.

Conclusion:
Toi's brief but significant appearance in the biblical narrative serves as a reminder of the complex political landscape of the ancient Near East and the ways in which God's purposes were fulfilled through the actions of both Israelite and foreign leaders. His diplomatic engagement with David reflects the broader themes of peace, alliance, and divine providence that permeate the biblical account of David's reign.Toi

who wanders

Toi

(erring), king of Hamath on the Orontes, who, after the defeat of his powerful enemy the Syrian king Hadadezer by the army of David, sent his son Joram or Hadoram to congratulate the victory and do him homage with presents of gold and silver and brass. (2 Samuel 8:9,10) (B.C. 1036.)

Toi

King of Hamath in Syria, sent his son to rejoice with David on his victories over Hadadezer king of Zobah, 2 Samuel 8:9-11; 1 Chronicles 18:9.

A king of Hamath, who sent "Joram his son unto King David to salute him," when he "heard that David had smitten all the host of Hadadezer" (2 Samuel 8:9, 10). Called Tou (1 Chronicles 18:9, 10). TOI

to'-i.

See TOU.

5104. toi -- an enclitic particle of asseveration used as a prefix ...
... 5103, 5104. toi. 5105 . ... in the NT. Transliteration: toi Phonetic Spelling:
(toy) Short Definition: soothed. 5104 -- (often translated , , ). ...
//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/5104.htm - 7k

2273. etoi -- whether
... Word Origin from e and toi Definition whether NASB Word Usage either (1). whether.
From e and toi; either indeed -- whether. see GREEK e. see GREEK toi. ...
//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/2273.htm - 6k

2543. kaitoi -- and yet
... Word Origin from kai and toi Definition and yet NASB Word Usage although (1), yet
(1). although. From kai and toi; and yet, ie Nevertheless -- although. ...
//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/2543.htm - 7k

3305. mentoi -- yet, however
... Word Origin from men and toi Definition yet, however NASB Word Usage however
(1), nevertheless (1), nevertheless* (1), yet (4). ... see GREEK toi. ...
//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/3305.htm - 6k

5105. toigaroun -- wherefore then, so therefore
... Word Origin from toi, gar and oun Definition wherefore then, so therefore NASB Word
Usage so (1), therefore (1). consequently, therefore. ... see GREEK toi. ...
//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/5105.htm - 7k

5108. toioutos -- such as this, such
... like, such. (including the other inflections); from toi and houtos; truly this,
ie Of this sort (to denote character or individuality) -- like, such (an one). ...
//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/5108.htm - 7k

5106. toinun -- accordingly, therefore
... Word Origin from toi and nun Definition accordingly, therefore NASB Word Usage so
(1), then (1), therefore (1). then, therefore. ... see GREEK toi. see GREEK nun. ...
//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/5106.htm - 7k

5107. toiosde -- such
... such. (including the other inflections); from a derivative of toi and de; such-like
then, ie So great -- such. see GREEK de. (toiasde) -- 1 Occurrence. ...
//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/5107.htm - 6k

8583. Tou -- a king of Hamath
Tou or Toi. 8582, 8583. Tou or Toi. 8584 . a king of Hamath. Transliteration:
Tou or Toi Phonetic Spelling: (to'-oo) Short Definition: Toi. ...
/hebrew/8583.htm - 6k

Barnaba Epistole
... apodo, kai autos heauto ton laon ton kainon hetoimazon epideixe epi tes ges on,
hoti ten anastasin autos poiesas krinei.8. peras ge toi didaskon ton Israel kai ...
//christianbookshelf.org/lake/the apostolic fathers/barnaba epistole.htm

Lovely to a Poet or an Artist's Eye is the Unevenly-Built and ...
... "Tais-toi! Silence! ... "Tais-toi! Tais-toi!" murmured Patoux gently, between two whiffs
of his pipe""Excuse him, Monsieur Cazeau,"he is but a child.". ...
//christianbookshelf.org/corelli/the master-christian/ii lovely to a poet.htm

Gregory Consoles Himself.
... kakokarpo tini, me kai prosdiaphtharesomene de par' hemon, etc. Bengel
reads men toi for men te, and takes me kai as = utinam ne. ...
/.../argument xvii gregory consoles himself.htm

Entole D'.
... kardiognostes gar on ho kurios kai panta progioson egno ten astheneian ton anthropon
kai ten poluplkian tou diaobolou, hoti poiesei ti kakon toi doulois tou ...
//christianbookshelf.org/lake/the apostolic fathers/entole d.htm

'Qu'est Qu'Il Dit' {330}
... Laisse en paix le beau garcon plaider et vaincre" Pourquoi, pourquoi demander
'Qu'est qu'il dit?' 'Qu'est qu'il dit?' Ce que tu dis toi-meme Chaque mois de ...
/.../kingsley/andromeda and other poems/quest quil dit 330.htm

A Caution against Bigotry
... John: "We know that we are of God, and" all who are not of God, "the whole world,"
"en toi poneroi keitai," "not lieth in wickedness, but "lieth in the ...
/.../wesley/sermons on several occasions/sermon 38 a caution against.htm

The Witness of the Spirit
... the Spirit of adoption, whereby we cry, Abba, Father;" and immediately subjoins,
Auto to pneuma (some copies read to auto pneuma) symmartyrei toi pneumati hemon ...
/.../wesley/sermons on several occasions/sermon 10 the witness of.htm

On Dissipation
... of the Apostle (not to encumber ourselves at present with the particular occasion
of his speaking it) is exceeding peculiar: Pros to euprosedron toi Kyrioi. ...
/.../wesley/sermons on several occasions/sermon 79 on dissipation.htm

It Is, Then, Universally Acknowledged that we must Believe the ...
... qualities; I mean, its wisdom and its justice. Footnotes: [1993] to men
ti (for toi). There is the same variety of reading in ci ...
/.../gregory/gregory of nyssa dogmatic treatises etc/chapter xx it is then.htm

Ambassadors from Different Barbarous Nations Receive Presents from ...
... Footnotes: [3313] [Aiphiopas, toi dichtha dedaiatai, ?schatoi andron, Hoi men dusomenou
huperionos, hoi d' aniontos. --Odyss. 1. 23, 24.--Bag.]. ...
/.../the life of constantine/chapter vii ambassadors from different barbarous.htm

Toi (2 Occurrences)
... Called Tou (1 Chronicles 18:9, 10). Int. Standard Bible Encyclopedia. TOI.
to'-i. See TOU. Multi-Version Concordance Toi (2 Occurrences). ...
/t/toi.htm - 7k

To'i (2 Occurrences)
To'i. Toi, To'i. Toil . ... To'i (2 Occurrences). 2 Samuel 8:9 When Toi king of
Hamath heard that David had struck all the army of Hadadezer, (See RSV). ...
/t/to'i.htm - 6k

Hadade'zer (18 Occurrences)
... brass. (See RSV). 2 Samuel 8:9 And when Toi king of Hamath heard that David
had smitten all the host of Hadadezer, (See RSV). 2 Samuel ...
/h/hadade'zer.htm - 11k

Hadadezer (18 Occurrences)
... 2 Samuel 8:9 When Toi king of Hamath heard that David had struck all the army
of Hadadezer, (WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS NIV). ...
/h/hadadezer.htm - 15k

Wars (24 Occurrences)
... 2 Samuel 8:10 then Toi sent Joram his son to king David, to Greet him, and to bless
him, because he had fought against Hadadezer and struck him: for Hadadezer ...
/w/wars.htm - 14k

Welfare (32 Occurrences)
... 2 Samuel 8:10 and Toi sent Joram his son to king David, to inquire of his welfare,
and to congratulate him, because he had fought against Hadadezer and smitten ...
/w/welfare.htm - 16k

Congratulate (7 Occurrences)
... 2 Samuel 8:10 and Toi sent Joram his son to king David, to inquire of his welfare,
and to congratulate him, because he had fought against Hadadezer and smitten ...
/c/congratulate.htm - 9k

Victory (71 Occurrences)
... 2 Samuel 8:10 then Toi sent Joram his son to king David, to Greet him, and to bless
him, because he had fought against Hadadezer and struck him: for Hadadezer ...
/v/victory.htm - 27k

Defeated (88 Occurrences)
... River. (See NAS RSV). 2 Samuel 8:9 When Toi king of Hamath heard that David
had struck all the army of Hadadezer, (See NAS RSV NIV). 2 ...
/d/defeated.htm - 32k

Joram (26 Occurrences)
... jo'-ram (yoram, "Yahweh is exalted"; compare JEHORAM): (1) Son of Toi (or Tou,
according to Septuagint, Codex Vaticanus, and 1 Chronicles 18:9, 10), sent by ...
/j/joram.htm - 27k

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