The term "natural man" is primarily derived from the Apostle Paul's writings in the New Testament, specifically in 1 Corinthians 2:14. In the Berean Standard Bible , this verse reads: "The natural man does not accept the things that come from the Spirit of God. For they are foolishness to him, and he cannot understand them, because they are spiritually discerned."

Biblical Context

In the context of 1 Corinthians, Paul addresses the Corinthian church, emphasizing the distinction between human wisdom and divine wisdom. The "natural man" refers to an individual who operates solely on human wisdom and understanding, devoid of the influence of the Holy Spirit. This person is contrasted with the "spiritual man," who is guided by the Spirit of God and can discern spiritual truths.

Characteristics of the Natural Man

1. Lack of Spiritual Discernment: The natural man is unable to comprehend spiritual matters because they are spiritually discerned. This inability is not merely intellectual but is rooted in a spiritual incapacity due to the absence of the Holy Spirit's illumination.

2. Foolishness of Spiritual Truths: To the natural man, the truths of God appear as foolishness. This perception is a result of the natural man's reliance on human wisdom, which is limited and often contrary to God's wisdom.

3. Separation from God: The natural man is in a state of separation from God, living according to the flesh and its desires. This separation is a consequence of the fall of man, as described in Genesis, where sin entered the world and disrupted the perfect communion between God and humanity.

Theological Implications

The concept of the natural man underscores the necessity of spiritual rebirth, as articulated by Jesus in John 3:3: "Truly, truly, I tell you, no one can see the kingdom of God unless he is born again." This rebirth, or regeneration, is the work of the Holy Spirit, transforming the natural man into a spiritual man who can understand and accept the things of God.

Contrast with the Spiritual Man

The spiritual man, in contrast to the natural man, is one who has been regenerated by the Holy Spirit. This transformation enables the individual to perceive and embrace spiritual truths. As Paul writes in 1 Corinthians 2:15-16 : "The spiritual man judges all things, but he himself is not subject to anyone’s judgment. 'For who has known the mind of the Lord, so as to instruct Him?' But we have the mind of Christ."

Practical Application

For believers, understanding the distinction between the natural and spiritual man is crucial for effective evangelism and discipleship. Recognizing that the natural man cannot comprehend spiritual truths without the Holy Spirit's intervention encourages reliance on prayer and the work of the Spirit in witnessing to others. Additionally, it serves as a reminder of the transformative power of the Gospel, which can change the heart of the natural man and bring him into a relationship with God through Jesus Christ.