The Diet of the Jews in Egypt
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The diet of the Jews during their time in Egypt, as described in the Bible, reflects both their cultural heritage and the influence of Egyptian society. The Israelites' diet in Egypt is primarily documented in the context of their enslavement and subsequent exodus, providing insights into their daily sustenance and the symbolic significance of food in their narrative.

Bread and Grain:
Bread was a staple in the diet of the Jews in Egypt, as it was throughout the ancient Near East. The Israelites likely consumed various forms of bread made from wheat and barley, which were common grains in Egypt. In Exodus 12:39 , during the preparation for the Exodus, the Israelites baked unleavened bread from the dough they had brought out of Egypt, indicating the importance of bread in their diet.

Meat and Fish:
While in Egypt, the Israelites had access to meat, though it was not a daily staple for the enslaved population. In Numbers 11:5 , the Israelites lament their current diet in the wilderness, reminiscing about the fish they ate freely in Egypt, along with cucumbers, melons, leeks, onions, and garlic. This passage suggests that fish was a significant part of their diet, likely due to the abundance of fish in the Nile River.

Vegetables and Herbs:
The diet of the Jews in Egypt included a variety of vegetables and herbs, as mentioned in Numbers 11:5 . The reference to cucumbers, melons, leeks, onions, and garlic highlights the diversity of plant-based foods available to them. These vegetables were not only nutritious but also added flavor to their meals.

Fruits:
While specific fruits are not extensively detailed in the biblical account of the Israelites in Egypt, it is reasonable to assume that they had access to fruits common in the region, such as dates and figs. These fruits would have provided essential nutrients and natural sweetness to their diet.

Dairy and Honey:
Dairy products, such as milk and cheese, were likely part of the diet, although not explicitly mentioned in the context of Egypt. Honey, a natural sweetener, is referenced in the broader biblical narrative as a symbol of abundance and blessing, though its specific role in the Egyptian diet of the Israelites is not detailed.

Symbolic Significance:
The diet of the Jews in Egypt holds symbolic significance in the biblical narrative. The unleavened bread, or matzah, becomes a central element of the Passover celebration, commemorating the haste of their departure from Egypt (Exodus 12:17). The longing for the foods of Egypt during their wilderness journey reflects the Israelites' struggle with faith and reliance on God's provision.

In summary, the diet of the Jews in Egypt was characterized by a variety of foods, including bread, fish, vegetables, and possibly fruits and dairy. These elements not only sustained them physically but also played a role in the spiritual and cultural identity of the Israelite people as they transitioned from slavery to freedom.
Torrey's Topical Textbook
Exodus 16:3
And the children of Israel said to them, Would to God we had died by the hand of the LORD in the land of Egypt, when we sat by the flesh pots, and when we did eat bread to the full; for you have brought us forth into this wilderness, to kill this whole assembly with hunger.
Torrey's Topical Textbook

Numbers 11:5
We remember the fish, which we did eat in Egypt freely; the cucumbers, and the melons, and the leeks, and the onions, and the garlic:
Torrey's Topical Textbook

Library

Ancient Versions of the Old Testament.
... He visited Egypt "under Euergetes." But to which of the two monarchs who bore ... To
meet the objections of the Jews, as well as to help believers ... Diet., 2, p.1202 ...
/.../barrows/companion to the bible/chapter xvi ancient versions of.htm

How Ptolemy Philadelphus Procured the Laws of the Jews to be ...
... of them, when they came with him into Egypt, he committed ... to these, and to all the
other Jews in the ... of them what should be requisite for their diet and way of ...
/.../josephus/the antiquities of the jews/chapter 2 how ptolemy philadelphus.htm

The Morning-Meal in the Pharisee's House - Meals and Feasts among ...
... to have been the rule among the Palestinian Jews. ... and Babylon; a barley-wine (zythos)
from Egypt. ... reverse, of certain articles of diet, especially vegetables. ...
/.../the life and times of jesus the messiah/chapter xii the morning-meal in.htm

Abraham, his Trial in Egypt; his Humility
... Abraham, his trial in Egypt, his humility. ... really know the law, [282]313; have greater
privileges than Jews had, [283 ... Diet, plainness in, recommended, [501]341. ...
/.../abraham his trial in egypt.htm

Concerning Daniel and what Befell Him at Babylon.
... of the most noble of the Jews that were ... children, but gave them the forementioned
diet, while they ... years after the destruction of Egypt, king Nebuchadnezzar ...
/.../josephus/the antiquities of the jews/chapter 10 concerning daniel and.htm

What Things Befell Joseph in Prison.
The Antiquities of the Jews. ... From The Death Of Isaac To The Exodus Out Of Egypt. ... He
also permitted him to make use of a diet better than that of the rest of the ...
/.../josephus/the antiquities of the jews/chapter 5 what things befell.htm

How David Brought under the Philistines, and the Moabites, and the ...
... so he made an expedition against the Jews, and laid ... to wear; which Shishak, the king
of Egypt, took away ... in possession of, and bade him come and diet with him ...
/.../josephus/the antiquities of the jews/chapter 5 how david brought.htm

Concerning the Power of the Civil Magistrate in Matters Purely ...
... ones, the inward Jews, out of mystical Egypt, destroying their ... And when he appeared
at the diet of Spiers ... The counsel that Gamaliel proposed to the Jews, to wit ...
/.../proposition xiv concerning the power.htm

The Early Training of a Race.
... and these are a welcome relief to his monotonous diet. ... fresh from the fertile fields
of Egypt, their life in ... How far have the Jews throughout all their history ...
/.../kent/the making of a nation/study xi the early training.htm

Book ii.
... "But," says Apion, "we Jews have not ... it was resolved on by our forefathers to leave
Egypt, and return ... infancy, and the appointment of every one's diet, he left ...
//christianbookshelf.org/josephus/against apion/book ii.htm

Resources
What is a Daniel Fast? | GotQuestions.org

What made some animals clean and others unclean (Genesis 7)? | GotQuestions.org

How should a Christian view weight loss? What does the Bible say about obesity and weight loss? | GotQuestions.org

Diet: Dictionary and Thesaurus | Clyx.com

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Subtopics

Diet

The Diet of the Jews in Egypt

The Diet of the Jews in Patriarchal Age

The Diet of the Jews in the Wilderness

The Diet of the Jews of the Poor, Frugal

The Diet of the Jews of the Rich, Luxurious

The Diet of the Jews was Taken in the Evening

The Diet of the Jews was Taken in the Morning, Sparingly

The Diet of the Jews was Taken with the Hand

The Diet of the Jews was Taken: At Noon

The Diet of the Jews was Taken: Often Reclining

The Diet of the Jews was Taken: Often Sitting

The Diet of the Jews: A Hymn Sung After

The Diet of the Jews: Articles of, often Sent As Presents

The Diet of the Jews: Articles Used for Bread

The Diet of the Jews: Articles Used for Butter

The Diet of the Jews: Articles Used for Cheese

The Diet of the Jews: Articles Used for Dried Fruit

The Diet of the Jews: Articles Used for Fish

The Diet of the Jews: Articles Used for Flesh

The Diet of the Jews: Articles Used for Fruit

The Diet of the Jews: Articles Used for Herbs

The Diet of the Jews: Articles Used for Honey

The Diet of the Jews: Articles Used for Milk

The Diet of the Jews: Articles Used for Oil

The Diet of the Jews: Articles Used for Parched Corn

The Diet of the Jews: Articles Used for Vinegar

The Diet of the Jews: Articles Used for Water

The Diet of the Jews: Articles Used for Wine

The Diet of the Jews: Expressed by Bread and Water

The Diet of the Jews: Generally Prepared by Females

The Diet of the Jews: Men and Women did not Partake of Together

The Diet of the Jews: Purification Before

The Diet of the Jews: Thanks Given Before

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