The account of Samson slaying thirty Philistines near Askelon is a significant event in the narrative of Samson, one of the judges of Israel, as recorded in the Book of Judges. This episode highlights the ongoing conflict between the Israelites and the Philistines, a recurring theme throughout the biblical text.

Biblical Context

The account is found in Judges 14, where Samson, a Nazirite dedicated to God from birth, is stirred by the Spirit of the Lord to begin delivering Israel from the Philistines. Samson's life is marked by extraordinary feats of strength, which he uses to combat the Philistine oppression.

The Event

The specific incident of Samson slaying thirty Philistines occurs after his marriage to a Philistine woman from Timnah. During the wedding feast, Samson poses a riddle to thirty Philistine companions, wagering thirty linen garments and thirty sets of clothes. The riddle, based on his earlier encounter with a lion, is: "Out of the eater came something to eat, and out of the strong came something sweet" (Judges 14:14).

Unable to solve the riddle, the Philistines coerce Samson's wife into revealing the answer. When they present the solution to Samson, he realizes their deceit and is filled with righteous indignation. Judges 14:19 states, "Then the Spirit of the LORD came powerfully upon him, and he went down to Ashkelon, struck down thirty of their men, took their belongings, and gave their clothes to those who had explained the riddle."

Significance

This act of slaying thirty Philistines is significant for several reasons. Firstly, it demonstrates the empowerment of Samson by the Spirit of the Lord, emphasizing that his strength and victories are divinely ordained. Secondly, it marks the beginning of Samson's direct confrontations with the Philistines, setting the stage for further conflicts and his eventual role in delivering Israel from their oppression.

The location, near Askelon, is also noteworthy. Askelon was one of the five major Philistine cities, and Samson's actions there symbolize a direct challenge to Philistine authority and power. This event foreshadows the larger battles and victories that Samson would achieve against the Philistines, culminating in his final act of strength in the temple of Dagon.

Theological Implications

From a theological perspective, this narrative underscores the theme of divine justice and retribution. Samson's actions, though violent, are portrayed as part of God's plan to deliver His people from their enemies. The episode also highlights the consequences of deceit and betrayal, as the Philistines' manipulation leads to their own loss and judgment.

In the broader context of the Book of Judges, Samson's exploits serve as a reminder of God's faithfulness to His covenant people, even when they are unfaithful. Despite Israel's repeated disobedience, God raises up judges like Samson to deliver them, pointing to His enduring mercy and sovereignty.Judges 14:19
And the Spirit of the LORD came on him, and he went down to Ashkelon, and slew thirty men of them, and took their spoil, and gave change of garments to them which expounded the riddle. And his anger was kindled, and he went up to his father's house.
Torrey's Topical Textbook

Scriptural Poems; Being Several Portions of Scripture Digested ...
... upon Him, and he hasted down to Askelon, And thirty of the Philistines he slew,
And took ... But Samson's wife was given unto one That was his friend and chief ...
/.../scriptural poems being several portions.htm

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