Topical Bible: the Tribe of Dan: Reproved for not Aiding Against Sisera

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Topical Encyclopedia

The Tribe of Dan, one of the twelve tribes of Israel, is notably mentioned in the context of the battle against Sisera, the commander of the Canaanite army under King Jabin of Hazor. This event is recorded in the Book of Judges, specifically in the Song of Deborah, a poetic account found in Judges 5. The tribe's failure to participate in this significant battle is highlighted as a point of reproach.

Historical Context

During the period of the Judges, Israel was a confederation of tribes, each with its own territory and leadership. The tribes were expected to unite against common enemies, particularly when called upon by a divinely appointed judge. Deborah, a prophetess and judge, alongside Barak, son of Abinoam, led the Israelites against the oppressive forces of Sisera. The battle took place near the Kishon River, where God granted Israel a miraculous victory.

Reproof in the Song of Deborah

In Judges 5, the Song of Deborah celebrates the victory over Sisera and praises the tribes that answered the call to battle. However, it also serves as a rebuke to those who did not participate. The tribe of Dan is specifically mentioned in this context:

"Why did Dan linger by the ships?" (Judges 5:17)

This rhetorical question implies a criticism of Dan's inaction. The tribe is portrayed as remaining with their ships, possibly indicating a preoccupation with maritime activities or trade, rather than joining their fellow Israelites in the fight against their oppressors.

Implications of Dan's Inaction

The absence of Dan from the battle against Sisera is significant for several reasons. First, it reflects a lack of unity among the tribes of Israel during a time when collective action was crucial for survival and success. Second, it suggests a prioritization of economic interests or personal safety over communal responsibility and divine mandate.

The reproof of Dan serves as a reminder of the importance of solidarity and obedience to God's call. The tribe's failure to act is contrasted with the bravery and faithfulness of other tribes, such as Zebulun and Naphtali, who risked their lives on the battlefield (Judges 5:18).

Theological Reflection

From a theological perspective, the account of Dan's inaction underscores the theme of covenantal responsibility. The tribes of Israel were bound by their covenant with God to support one another and to act in accordance with His will. Dan's reluctance to engage in the battle against Sisera is seen as a failure to uphold this covenantal duty.

The narrative invites reflection on the consequences of neglecting communal obligations and the call to participate in God's redemptive work. It serves as a cautionary tale about the dangers of complacency and the need for vigilance in fulfilling one's role within the community of faith.

Torrey's Topical Textbook

Judges 5:17
Gilead stayed beyond Jordan: and why did Dan remain in ships? Asher continued on the sea shore, and stayed in his breaches.
Torrey's Topical Textbook