2 Kings 17:31
New International Version
the Avvites made Nibhaz and Tartak, and the Sepharvites burned their children in the fire as sacrifices to Adrammelek and Anammelek, the gods of Sepharvaim.

New Living Translation
The Avvites worshiped their gods Nibhaz and Tartak. And the people from Sepharvaim even burned their own children as sacrifices to their gods Adrammelech and Anammelech.

English Standard Version
and the Avvites made Nibhaz and Tartak; and the Sepharvites burned their children in the fire to Adrammelech and Anammelech, the gods of Sepharvaim.

Berean Standard Bible
the Avvites made Nibhaz and Tartak, and the Sepharvites burned their children in the fire to Adrammelech and Anammelech the gods of Sepharvaim.

King James Bible
And the Avites made Nibhaz and Tartak, and the Sepharvites burnt their children in fire to Adrammelech and Anammelech, the gods of Sepharvaim.

New King James Version
and the Avites made Nibhaz and Tartak; and the Sepharvites burned their children in fire to Adrammelech and Anammelech, the gods of Sepharvaim.

New American Standard Bible
and the Avvites made Nibhaz and Tartak; and the Sepharvites were burning their children in the fire to Adrammelech and Anammelech, the gods of Sepharvaim.

NASB 1995
and the Avvites made Nibhaz and Tartak; and the Sepharvites burned their children in the fire to Adrammelech and Anammelech the gods of Sepharvaim.

NASB 1977
and the Avvites made Nibhaz and Tartak; and the Sepharvites burned their children in the fire to Adrammelech and Anammelech the gods of Sepharvaim.

Legacy Standard Bible
and the Avvites made Nibhaz and Tartak; and the Sepharvites burned their children in the fire to Adrammelech and Anammelech, the gods of the Sepharvaim.

Amplified Bible
the Avvites made Nibhaz and Tartak; and the Sepharvites burned their children in the fire to Adrammelech and Anammelech, the gods of Sepharvaim.

Christian Standard Bible
the Avvites made Nibhaz and Tartak, and the Sepharvites burned their children in the fire to Adrammelech and Anammelech, the gods of Sepharvaim.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
the Avvites made Nibhaz and Tartak, and the Sepharvites burned their children in the fire to Adrammelech and Anammelech, the gods of the Sepharvaim.

American Standard Version
and the Avvites made Nibhaz and Tartak; and the Sepharvites burnt their children in the fire to Adrammelech and Anammelech, the gods of Sepharvaim.

Contemporary English Version
those from Avva made Nibhaz and Tartak; and the people from Sepharvaim sacrificed their children to their own gods Adrammelech and Anammelech.

English Revised Version
and the Avvites made Nibhaz and Tartak, and the Sepharvites burnt their children in the fire to Adrammelech and Anammelech, the gods of Sepharvaim.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
The people from Avva made Nibhaz and Tartak. The people from Sepharvaim burned their children for Adrammelech and Anammelech, the gods of Sepharvaim.

Good News Translation
the people of Ivvah, idols of Nibhaz and Tartak; and the people of Sepharvaim sacrificed their children as burnt offerings to their gods Adrammelech and Anammelech.

International Standard Version
and settlers from Avva built Nibhaz and Tartak. The residents of Sephar-vaim burned their children in fire to Adrammelech and Anammelech, the gods of Sephar-vaim.

Majority Standard Bible
the Avvites made Nibhaz and Tartak, and the Sepharvites burned their children in the fire to Adrammelech and Anammelech the gods of Sepharvaim.

NET Bible
the Avvites made Nibhaz and Tartak, and the Sepharvites burned their sons in the fire as an offering to Adrammelech and Anammelech, the gods of Sepharvaim.

New Heart English Bible
and the Avvites made Nibhaz and Tartak; and the Sepharvites burnt their children in the fire to Adrammelech and Anammelech, the gods of Sepharvaim.

Webster's Bible Translation
And the Avites made Nibhaz and Tartak, and the Sepharvites burnt their children in the fire to Adrammelech and Anammelech, the gods of Sepharvaim.

World English Bible
and the Avvites made Nibhaz and Tartak; and the Sepharvites burned their children in the fire to Adrammelech and Anammelech, the gods of Sepharvaim.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
and the Avites have made Nibhaz and Tartak, and the Sepharvites are burning their sons with fire to Adrammelech and Anammelech, gods of Sepharvim.

Young's Literal Translation
and the Avites have made Nibhaz and Tartak, and the Sepharvites are burning their sons with fire to Adrammelech and Anammelech, gods of Sepharvim.

Smith's Literal Translation
And the Avites made Nibhaz and Tartak, and the Sepharvites were burning their sons in fire to Adrammelech and Anammelech, the gods of Sepharvaim.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And the Hevites made Nebahaz and Tharthac. And they that were of Sepharvaim burnt their children in fire, to Adramelech and Anamelech the gods of Sepharvaim.

Catholic Public Domain Version
and the Avvites made Nibhaz and Tartak. Then those who were from Sepharvaim burned up their children with fire, for the gods of Sepharvaim: Adram-melech and Anam-melech.

New American Bible
those from Avva made Nibhaz and Tartak; and those from Sepharvaim immolated their children by fire to their city gods, King Hadad and King Anu.

New Revised Standard Version
the Avvites made Nibhaz and Tartak; the Sepharvites burned their children in the fire to Adrammelech and Anammelech, the gods of Sepharvaim.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And the Avites served Jibzah and Tartak, and the Sepharvites burned their children in fire to Ardammeleck and Amalek, the gods of Sepharvim.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And the Avites were serving Yabzakh and Tartaq and the Sepharvites were burning up their children in fire for Ardamlek and Amaliq, the gods of Sapharvim.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
and the Avvites made Nibhaz and Tartak, and the Sepharvites burnt their children in the fire to Adrammelech and Anammelech, the gods of Sepharvaim.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And the Evites made Eblazer and Tharthac, and the inhabitant of Seppharvaim did evil when they burnt their sons in the fire to Adramelech and Anemelech, the gods of Seppharvaim.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Israel's Cities Resettled by Foreigners
30The men of Babylon made Succoth-benoth, the men of Cuth made Nergal, the men of Hamath made Ashima, 31the Avvites made Nibhaz and Tartak, and the Sepharvites burned their children in the fire to Adrammelech and Anammelech the gods of Sepharvaim. 32So the new residents worshiped the LORD, but they also appointed for themselves priests of all sorts to serve in the shrines of the high places.…

Cross References
Leviticus 18:21
You must not give any of your children to be sacrificed to Molech, for you must not profane the name of your God. I am the LORD.

Deuteronomy 12:31
You must not worship the LORD your God in this way, because they practice for their gods every abomination which the LORD hates. They even burn their sons and daughters in the fire as sacrifices to their gods.

Jeremiah 32:35
They have built the high places of Baal in the Valley of Ben-hinnom to make their sons and daughters pass through the fire to Molech—something I never commanded them, nor had it ever entered My mind, that they should commit such an abomination and cause Judah to sin.

2 Kings 16:3
Instead, he walked in the ways of the kings of Israel and even sacrificed his son in the fire, according to the abominations of the nations that the LORD had driven out before the Israelites.

2 Kings 21:6
He sacrificed his own son in the fire, practiced sorcery and divination, and consulted mediums and spiritists. He did great evil in the sight of the LORD, provoking Him to anger.

2 Chronicles 28:3
Moreover, Ahaz burned incense in the Valley of Ben-hinnom and sacrificed his sons in the fire, according to the abominations of the nations that the LORD had driven out before the Israelites.

2 Chronicles 33:6
He sacrificed his sons in the fire in the Valley of Ben-hinnom. He practiced sorcery, divination, and witchcraft, and consulted mediums and spiritists. He did great evil in the sight of the LORD, provoking Him to anger.

Psalm 106:37-38
They sacrificed their sons and their daughters to demons. / They shed innocent blood—the blood of their sons and daughters, whom they sacrificed to the idols of Canaan, and the land was polluted with blood.

Ezekiel 16:20-21
You even took the sons and daughters you bore to Me and sacrificed them as food to idols. Was your prostitution not enough? / You slaughtered My children and delivered them up through the fire to idols.

Ezekiel 23:37
For they have committed adultery, and blood is on their hands. They have committed adultery with their idols. They have even sacrificed their children, whom they bore to Me, in the fire as food for their idols.

Acts 7:43
You have taken along the tabernacle of Molech and the star of your god Rephan, the idols you made to worship. Therefore I will send you into exile beyond Babylon.’

Romans 1:23-25
and exchanged the glory of the immortal God for images of mortal man and birds and animals and reptiles. / Therefore God gave them over in the desires of their hearts to impurity for the dishonoring of their bodies with one another. / They exchanged the truth of God for a lie, and worshiped and served the creature rather than the Creator, who is forever worthy of praise! Amen.

1 Corinthians 10:20
No, but the sacrifices of pagans are offered to demons, not to God. And I do not want you to be participants with demons.

Galatians 4:8
Formerly, when you did not know God, you were slaves to those who by nature are not gods.

Revelation 9:20
Now the rest of mankind who were not killed by these plagues still did not repent of the works of their hands. They did not stop worshiping demons and idols of gold, silver, bronze, stone, and wood, which cannot see or hear or walk.


Treasury of Scripture

And the Avites made Nibhaz and Tartak, and the Sepharvites burnt their children in fire to Adrammelech and Anammelech, the gods of Sepharvaim.

the Avites

2 Kings 17:24
And the king of Assyria brought men from Babylon, and from Cuthah, and from Ava, and from Hamath, and from Sepharvaim, and placed them in the cities of Samaria instead of the children of Israel: and they possessed Samaria, and dwelt in the cities thereof.

Ezra 4:9
Then wrote Rehum the chancellor, and Shimshai the scribe, and the rest of their companions; the Dinaites, the Apharsathchites, the Tarpelites, the Apharsites, the Archevites, the Babylonians, the Susanchites, the Dehavites, and the Elamites,

burnt their children

2 Kings 17:17
And they caused their sons and their daughters to pass through the fire, and used divination and enchantments, and sold themselves to do evil in the sight of the LORD, to provoke him to anger.

Leviticus 18:21
And thou shalt not let any of thy seed pass through the fire to Molech, neither shalt thou profane the name of thy God: I am the LORD.

Deuteronomy 12:28,31
Observe and hear all these words which I command thee, that it may go well with thee, and with thy children after thee for ever, when thou doest that which is good and right in the sight of the LORD thy God…

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Adrammelech Adram'melech Avites Avvites Burned Burning Burnt Children Fire Gods Sacrifices Sepharvaim Sephar-Va'im
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Adrammelech Adram'melech Avites Avvites Burned Burning Burnt Children Fire Gods Sacrifices Sepharvaim Sephar-Va'im
2 Kings 17
1. Hoshea the Last King of Israel
3. Being subdued by Shalmaneser, he conspires against him with So, king of Egypt
5. Samaria for sinning is led into captivity
24. The strange nations transplanted into Samaria make a mixture of religions.














the Avvites made Nibhaz and Tartak
The Avvites were one of the groups resettled in Samaria by the Assyrians after the fall of the Northern Kingdom of Israel. Nibhaz and Tartak are deities associated with this group. Little is known about these gods, but their mention highlights the syncretism and idolatry that characterized the region after the Assyrian conquest. This reflects the broader biblical theme of the dangers of idolatry, as seen in the First Commandment (Exodus 20:3).

and the Sepharvites burned their children in the fire to Adrammelech and Anammelech
The Sepharvites were another group brought to Samaria. The practice of child sacrifice, particularly by fire, was a grievous sin in the eyes of the God of Israel, explicitly condemned in Leviticus 18:21 and Deuteronomy 12:31. Adrammelech and Anammelech were gods of Sepharvaim, and their worship through such horrific means underscores the moral and spiritual decline that occurred when foreign practices infiltrated Israelite society. This act is reminiscent of the abominations committed by the Canaanites, which led to their judgment (Deuteronomy 9:4-5).

the gods of Sepharvaim
Sepharvaim was a city in Mesopotamia, and its gods were brought to Samaria by the exiled people. The introduction of these deities into Israelite territory represents the Assyrian policy of cultural assimilation and religious pluralism, which was intended to weaken national identities and prevent rebellion. This historical context illustrates the challenges faced by the Israelites in maintaining their covenantal identity amidst foreign influences. The presence of these gods in Israel is a stark contrast to the monotheistic worship of Yahweh, as emphasized throughout the Old Testament, particularly in the Shema (Deuteronomy 6:4-5).

Persons / Places / Events
1. Avvites
A people group mentioned in the context of the Assyrian resettlement of Samaria. They brought their own gods, Nibhaz and Tartak, into the land.

2. Sepharvites
Another group resettled in Samaria by the Assyrians. They practiced child sacrifice to their gods, Adrammelech and Anammelech.

3. Nibhaz and Tartak
Deities worshiped by the Avvites. Little is known about these gods, but their mention indicates the syncretism and idolatry prevalent in Samaria.

4. Adrammelech and Anammelech
Gods of the Sepharvites, associated with the horrific practice of child sacrifice, highlighting the depth of pagan worship.

5. Samaria
The region where these foreign peoples were resettled, leading to a mixture of religious practices contrary to the worship of Yahweh.
Teaching Points
The Danger of Syncretism
Mixing true worship with pagan practices leads to spiritual corruption. Believers must guard against incorporating worldly or unbiblical elements into their faith.

The Sanctity of Life
The practice of child sacrifice underscores the value God places on human life. Christians are called to uphold the sanctity of life in all its forms.

Faithfulness to God's Commands
The Israelites' downfall was due to their disobedience and idolatry. Believers today must remain faithful to God's Word and avoid the temptations of cultural conformity.

The Consequences of Idolatry
Idolatry leads to moral decay and divine judgment. Christians must identify and remove any idols in their lives, whether they be material, relational, or ideological.

God's Call to Holiness
God desires His people to be set apart and holy. This requires a commitment to living according to His standards and rejecting the sinful practices of the world.(31) Nibhaz and Tartak are unknown, but the forms have an Assyrio-Babylonian cast. (Comp. Nimrod, Nergal with the former, and Ishtar, Namtar, Merodach, Shadrach, with the latter.) Before Nibhaz the LXX. have another name, Abaazar, or Eblazer (? 'abal Ass-r "the Son of Assur").

Adrammelech.--Comp. 2Kings 19:37. Identified by Schrader with the Assyrian Adar-malik, "Adar is prince" (? Adrum).

Anammelech--i.e., Anum-malik, "Anu is prince." Adar and Anu are well-known Assyrian gods.

Verse 31. - And the Avites made Nibhaz and Tartak. "Nibhaz" and "Tartak" are very obscure. The Sabians are said to have acknowledged an evil demon, whom they called Nib'az or Nabaz (Norberg, 'Onomastieen,' p. 100); and Tartak has been derived by Gesenius from the Pehlevi Tar-thak, "hero of darkness;" but these guesses cannot be regarded as entitled to much attention. We do not know what the religion of the Avites was, and need not be surprised that the names of their gods are new to us. The polytheism of the East was prolific of deities, and still more of divine names. Nibhaz and Tartak may have been purely local gods, or they may have been local names for gods worshipped under other appellations in the general pantheon of Babylonia. And the Sepharvites burnt their children in fire to Adrammelech and Anammelech, the gods of Sepharvaim. The god principally worshipped at Sippara was Shamas, "the sun." It is probable that "Adrammelech" (equivalent to adir-melek, "the glorious king," or edir-malek, "the arranging king") was one of his titles. Shamas, in the Babylonian mythology, was always closely connected with Anunit, a sun-goddess; and it is probably this name which is represented by Anammelech, which we may regard as an intentional corruption, derisive and contemptuous.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
the Avvites
וְהָעַוִּ֛ים (wə·hā·‘aw·wîm)
Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - proper - masculine plural
Strong's 5757: Avvites -- inhabitants of Avva

made
עָשׂ֥וּ (‘ā·śū)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural
Strong's 6213: To do, make

Nibhaz
נִבְחַ֖ז (niḇ·ḥaz)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 5026: A god of the Avvites

and Tartak,
תַּרְתָּ֑ק (tar·tāq)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 8662: A god of the Avvites

and the Sepharvites
וְהַסְפַרְוִ֗ים (wə·has·p̄ar·wîm)
Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - proper - masculine plural
Strong's 5616: Sepharvites -- a Sepharvite

burned
שֹׂרְפִ֤ים (śō·rə·p̄îm)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural
Strong's 8313: To be, on fire

their children
בְּנֵיהֶם֙ (bə·nê·hem)
Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine plural
Strong's 1121: A son

in the fire
בָּאֵ֔שׁ (bā·’êš)
Preposition-b, Article | Noun - common singular
Strong's 784: A fire

to Adrammelech
לְאַדְרַמֶּ֥לֶךְ (lə·’aḏ·ram·me·leḵ)
Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 152: Adrammelech -- 'Adar is prince', an Assyrian idol, also a son of Sennacherib

and Anammelech
וַֽעֲנַמֶּ֖לֶךְ (wa·‘ă·nam·me·leḵ)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 6048: Anammelech -- an Assyrian god

the gods
אֱלֹהֵ֥י (’ĕ·lō·hê)
Noun - masculine plural construct
Strong's 433: God -- a deity, the Deity

of Sepharvaim.
סְפַרְוָֽיִם׃ (sə·p̄ar·wā·yim)
Noun - proper - masculine plural
Strong's 5617: Sepharvaim -- a city conquered by the king of Assyr


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OT History: 2 Kings 17:31 And the Avvites made Nibhaz and Tartak (2Ki iiKi ii ki 2 kg 2kg)
2 Kings 17:30
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