Verse (Click for Chapter) New International Version This is what happened during the time of Xerxes, the Xerxes who ruled over 127 provinces stretching from India to Cush: New Living Translation These events happened in the days of King Xerxes, who reigned over 127 provinces stretching from India to Ethiopia. English Standard Version Now in the days of Ahasuerus, the Ahasuerus who reigned from India to Ethiopia over 127 provinces, Berean Standard Bible This is what happened in the days of Xerxes, who reigned over 127 provinces from India to Cush. King James Bible Now it came to pass in the days of Ahasuerus, (this is Ahasuerus which reigned, from India even unto Ethiopia, over an hundred and seven and twenty provinces:) New King James Version Now it came to pass in the days of Ahasuerus (this was the Ahasuerus who reigned over one hundred and twenty-seven provinces, from India to Ethiopia), New American Standard Bible Now it happened in the days of Ahasuerus, the Ahasuerus who reigned from India to Cush over 127 provinces, NASB 1995 Now it took place in the days of Ahasuerus, the Ahasuerus who reigned from India to Ethiopia over 127 provinces, NASB 1977 Now it took place in the days of Ahasuerus, the Ahasuerus who reigned from India to Ethiopia over 127 provinces, Legacy Standard Bible Now it happened in the days of Ahasuerus, the Ahasuerus who reigned from India to Ethiopia over 127 provinces, Amplified Bible It was in the days of Ahasuerus (Xerxes) who reigned from India to Ethiopia (Cush) over 127 provinces, Christian Standard Bible These events took place during the days of Ahasuerus, who ruled 127 provinces from India to Cush. Holman Christian Standard Bible These events took place during the days of Ahasuerus, who ruled 127 provinces from India to Cush. American Standard Version Now it came to pass in the days of Ahasuerus (this is Ahasuerus who reigned from India even unto Ethiopia, over a hundred and seven and twenty provinces), English Revised Version Now it came to pass in the days of Ahasuerus, (this is Ahasuerus which reigned, from India even unto Ethiopia, over an hundred and seven and twenty provinces:) GOD'S WORD® Translation In the days of Xerxes the following events took place. This was the same Xerxes who ruled over 127 provinces from India to Sudan. International Standard Version This is a record of what happened during the reign of Ahasuerus, the Ahasuerus who ruled over 127 provinces from India to Cush. Majority Standard Bible This is what happened in the days of Xerxes, who reigned over 127 provinces from India to Cush. NET Bible The following events happened in the days of Ahasuerus. (I am referring to that Ahasuerus who used to rule over a hundred and twenty-seven provinces extending all the way from India to Ethiopia.) New Heart English Bible Now it happened in the days of Achshayarsh (this is Achshayarsh who reigned from India even to Ethiopia, over one hundred twenty-seven provinces), Webster's Bible Translation Now it came to pass in the days of Ahasuerus, (this is Ahasuerus who reigned from India even to Cush, over a hundred and seven and twenty provinces:) World English Bible Now in the days of Ahasuerus (this is Ahasuerus who reigned from India even to Ethiopia, over one hundred twenty-seven provinces), Literal Translations Literal Standard VersionAnd it comes to pass, in the days of Ahasuerus—he [is] Ahasuerus who is reigning from Hodu even to Cush, one hundred twenty-seven provinces— Young's Literal Translation And it cometh to pass, in the days of Ahasuerus -- he is Ahasuerus who is reigning from Hodu even unto Cush, seven and twenty and a hundred provinces -- Smith's Literal Translation And it will be in the days of Ahasuerus, (this Ahasuerus reigned from India and even to Cush; seven and twenty and one hundred provinces:) Catholic Translations Douay-Rheims BibleIn the days of Assuerus, who reigned from India to Ethiopia over a hundred and twenty-seven provinces: Catholic Public Domain Version New American Bible During the reign of Ahasuerus—the same Ahasuerus who ruled over a hundred and twenty-seven provinces from India to Ethiopia— New Revised Standard Version This happened in the days of Ahasuerus, the same Ahasuerus who ruled over one hundred twenty-seven provinces from India to Ethiopia. Translations from Aramaic Lamsa BibleNOW it came to pass in the days of Akhshirash, who reigned from India even to Ethiopia, over one hundred and twenty-seven provinces, Peshitta Holy Bible Translated And it was in the days of Akhshiresh, he was the son of Akhshiresh who was made king of India and unto Cush, over a hundred and twenty provinces. OT Translations JPS Tanakh 1917NOW IT came to pass in the days of Ahasuerus--this is Ahasuerus who reigned, from India even unto Ethiopia, over a hundred and seven and twenty provinces-- Brenton Septuagint Translation And it came to pass after these things in the days of Artaxerxes, - (this Artaxerxes ruled over a hundred and twenty-seven provinces from India) - Additional Translations ... Audio Bible Context Xerxes' Royal Feast1This is what happened in the days of Xerxes, who reigned over 127 provinces from India to Cush. 2In those days King Xerxes sat on his royal throne in the citadel of Susa.… Cross References Daniel 6:1-3 Now it pleased Darius to appoint 120 satraps to rule throughout the kingdom, / and over them three administrators, including Daniel, to whom these satraps were accountable so that the king would not suffer loss. / Soon, by his extraordinary spirit, Daniel distinguished himself among the administrators and satraps. So the king planned to set him over the whole kingdom. Ezra 4:6 At the beginning of the reign of Xerxes, an accusation was lodged against the people of Judah and Jerusalem. Nehemiah 1:1 These are the words of Nehemiah son of Hacaliah: In the month of Chislev, in the twentieth year, while I was in the citadel of Susa, Daniel 9:1-2 In the first year of Darius son of Xerxes, a Mede by descent, who was made ruler over the kingdom of the Chaldeans— / in the first year of his reign, I, Daniel, understood from the sacred books, according to the word of the LORD to Jeremiah the prophet, that the desolation of Jerusalem would last seventy years. 1 Kings 4:21 And Solomon reigned over all the kingdoms from the Euphrates to the land of the Philistines, as far as the border of Egypt. These kingdoms offered tribute and served Solomon all the days of his life. 2 Chronicles 36:20-23 Those who escaped the sword were carried by Nebuchadnezzar into exile in Babylon, and they became servants to him and his sons until the kingdom of Persia came to power. / So the land enjoyed its Sabbath rest all the days of the desolation, until seventy years were completed, in fulfillment of the word of the LORD spoken through Jeremiah. / In the first year of Cyrus king of Persia, to fulfill the word of the LORD spoken through Jeremiah, the LORD stirred the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia to send a proclamation throughout his kingdom and to put it in writing as follows: ... Isaiah 44:28 who says of Cyrus, ‘My shepherd will fulfill all that I desire,’ who says of Jerusalem, ‘She will be rebuilt,’ and of the temple, ‘Let its foundation be laid.’” Jeremiah 25:12-14 But when seventy years are complete, I will punish the king of Babylon and that nation, the land of the Chaldeans, for their guilt, declares the LORD, and I will make it an everlasting desolation. / I will bring upon that land all the words I have pronounced against it, all that is written in this book, which Jeremiah has prophesied against all the nations. / For many nations and great kings will enslave them, and I will repay them according to their deeds and according to the work of their hands.’” Jeremiah 29:10 For this is what the LORD says: “When Babylon’s seventy years are complete, I will attend to you and confirm My promise to restore you to this place. Daniel 1:1-2 In the third year of the reign of Jehoiakim king of Judah, Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came to Jerusalem and besieged it. / And the Lord delivered into his hand Jehoiakim king of Judah, along with some of the articles from the house of God. He carried these off to the land of Shinar, to the house of his god, where he put them in the treasury of his god. Daniel 2:37-38 You, O king, are the king of kings, to whom the God of heaven has given sovereignty, power, strength, and glory. / Wherever the sons of men or beasts of the field or birds of the air dwell, He has given them into your hand and has made you ruler over them all. You are that head of gold. Daniel 5:28-31 PERES means that your kingdom has been divided and given over to the Medes and Persians.” / Then Belshazzar gave the command, and they clothed Daniel in purple, placed a gold chain around his neck, and proclaimed him the third highest ruler in the kingdom. / That very night Belshazzar king of the Chaldeans was slain, ... Matthew 2:1 After Jesus was born in Bethlehem in Judea, during the time of King Herod, Magi from the east arrived in Jerusalem, Luke 2:1 Now in those days a decree went out from Caesar Augustus that a census should be taken of the whole empire. Acts 2:9 Parthians, Medes, and Elamites; residents of Mesopotamia, Judea and Cappadocia, Pontus and Asia, Treasury of Scripture Now it came to pass in the days of Ahasuerus, (this is Ahasuerus which reigned, from India even to Ethiopia, over an hundred and seven and twenty provinces:) Ahasuerus. Ezra 6:14 And the elders of the Jews builded, and they prospered through the prophesying of Haggai the prophet and Zechariah the son of Iddo. And they builded, and finished it, according to the commandment of the God of Israel, and according to the commandment of Cyrus, and Darius, and Artaxerxes king of Persia. Ezra 4:6 And in the reign of Ahasuerus, in the beginning of his reign, wrote they unto him an accusation against the inhabitants of Judah and Jerusalem. Daniel 9:1 In the first year of Darius the son of Ahasuerus, of the seed of the Medes, which was made king over the realm of the Chaldeans; from India. Esther 8:9 Then were the king's scribes called at that time in the third month, that is, the month Sivan, on the three and twentieth day thereof; and it was written according to all that Mordecai commanded unto the Jews, and to the lieutenants, and the deputies and rulers of the provinces which are from India unto Ethiopia, an hundred twenty and seven provinces, unto every province according to the writing thereof, and unto every people after their language, and to the Jews according to their writing, and according to their language. Isaiah 18:1 Woe to the land shadowing with wings, which is beyond the rivers of Ethiopia: Isaiah 37:9 And he heard say concerning Tirhakah king of Ethiopia, He is come forth to make war with thee. And when he heard it, he sent messengers to Hezekiah, saying, an hundred. Daniel 6:1 It pleased Darius to set over the kingdom an hundred and twenty princes, which should be over the whole kingdom; Jump to Previous Ahasuerus Ahasu-E'rus Cush Divisions Ethiopia Hundred India Kingdom Provinces Reigned Reigning Ruled Ruler Seven Time Twenty Twenty-Seven XerxesJump to Next Ahasuerus Ahasu-E'rus Cush Divisions Ethiopia Hundred India Kingdom Provinces Reigned Reigning Ruled Ruler Seven Time Twenty Twenty-Seven XerxesEsther 1 1. Xerxes makes royal feasts.10. Vashti, sent for, refuses to come. 13. Xerxes, by the counsel of Memucan, puts away Vashti, and decrees men's sovereignty. This is what happened The phrase introduces the narrative with a sense of historical recounting, suggesting that the events are not merely accounts but are grounded in real occurrences. The Hebrew word "וַיְהִי" (vayehi) often marks the beginning of a narrative, indicating a transition into a significant historical account. This sets the stage for the unfolding of divine providence throughout the book of Esther, emphasizing that God is at work in the events of history, even when His name is not explicitly mentioned. in the days of Xerxes who reigned over 127 provinces from India to Cush This is Ahasuerus.--This is added to make clear which particular sovereign we are here dealing with. We have seen that three of the name are mentioned in the Old Testament. Ethiopia.--Herodotus tells us that Ethiopia paid tribute to Xerxes (iii. 97). An hundred and seven and twenty.--In Daniel 6:1. we find that Darius the Mede appointed a hundred and twenty satraps, but probably the similarity in numbers is quite accidental. There seem to have been a gradually increasing number of satrapies in the kingdom of Darius--20, 21, 23, 29 (Herod, iii. 89-94), and the nations in the empire of Xerxes are said to be sixty (ib. vii. 61-95). Thus the provinces here mentioned must include subdivisions of these. Verse 1. - In the days of Ahasuerus. Ahasuerus, in the original Akhashverosh, corresponds to Khshayarsha (the Persian name from which the Greeks formed their Xerxes) almost as closely as possible. The prosthelic a was a necessity of Hebrew articulation. The only unnecessary change was the substitution of v for y (vau for yod) in the penultimate syllable. But this interchange is very common in Hebrew. This is Ahasuerus which reigned, etc. The writer is evidently acquainted with more than a single Ahasuerus. Ezra had mentioned one (Ezra 4:6), and Daniel another (Daniel 9:1). If he knew their works, he would necessarily know of these two. Or he may have known of them independently. The Ahasuerus of his narrative being different from either, he proceeds to distinguish him(1) from the Ahasuerus of Daniel, as a "king," and (2) from the Ahasuerus of Ezra by the extent of his dominion. Cambyses (see comment on Ezra 4:6) had not ruled over India. India is expressed by Hoddu, which seems formed from the Persian Hidush ('Nakhsh-i-Rus-tam Inser.,' par. 3, 1. 25), by the omission of the nominatival ending, and a slight modification of the vocalisation. The Sanscrit and the Zend, like the Greek, retained the n, which is really an essential part of the native word. Ethiopia is expressed, as usual, by Cush. The two countries are well chosen as the extreme terminal of the Persian empire. An hundred and twenty-seven provinces. The Hebrew medinah, "province," does not correspond to the Persian satrapy, but is applied to every tract which had its own governor. There were originally no more than twenty satrapies (Herod., 3:89-94), but there was certainly a very much larger number of governments. Judaea was a medinah (Ezra 2:1; Nehemiah 11:3), though only a small part of the satrapy of Syria. Hebrew This is what happenedוַיְהִ֖י (way·hî) Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular Strong's 1961: To fall out, come to pass, become, be in the days בִּימֵ֣י (bî·mê) Preposition-b | Noun - masculine plural construct Strong's 3117: A day of Xerxes, אֲחַשְׁוֵר֑וֹשׁ (’ă·ḥaš·wê·rō·wōš) Noun - proper - masculine singular Strong's 325: Ahasuerus -- king of Persia who reigned over הַמֹּלֵךְ֙ (ham·mō·lêḵ) Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular Strong's 4427: To reign, inceptively, to ascend the throne, to induct into royalty, to take counsel 127 שֶׁ֛בַע (še·ḇa‘) Number - feminine singular Strong's 7651: Seven, seven times, a week, an indefinite number provinces מְדִינָֽה׃ (mə·ḏî·nāh) Noun - feminine singular Strong's 4082: A judgeship, jurisdiction, a district, a region from India מֵהֹ֣דּוּ (mê·hōd·dū) Preposition-m | Noun - proper - feminine singular Strong's 1912: Hodu to וְעַד־ (wə·‘aḏ-) Conjunctive waw | Preposition Strong's 5704: As far as, even to, up to, until, while Cush. כּ֔וּשׁ (kūš) Noun - proper - feminine singular Strong's 3568: A son of Ham, also his descendants, also a land in the southern Nile Valley Links Esther 1:1 NIVEsther 1:1 NLT Esther 1:1 ESV Esther 1:1 NASB Esther 1:1 KJV Esther 1:1 BibleApps.com Esther 1:1 Biblia Paralela Esther 1:1 Chinese Bible Esther 1:1 French Bible Esther 1:1 Catholic Bible OT History: Esther 1:1 Now it happened in the days (Est Esth. 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