Lexical Summary anapempó: To send up, to send back Original Word: ἀναπέμπω Strong's Exhaustive Concordance send again.From ana and pempo; to send up or back -- send (again). see GREEK ana see GREEK pempo NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Originfrom ana and pempó Definition to send up NASB Translation send (1), sent (1), sent...back (3). Thayer's Greek Lexicon STRONGS NT 375: ἀναπέμπωἀναπέμπω: 1 aorist ἀνέπεμψά; (from Pindar and Aesehyl. down); 1. to send up; i. e. a. to a higher place; b. to a person higher in office, authority, power (Plutarch, Marius c. 17; (Philo de creat. princip. § 8; Josephus, b. j. 2, 20, 5)): τινα πρός τινα, Luke 23:7, 15; Acts 25:21 L T Tr WH. 2. to send back: τινα Philemon 1:12 (11); τινα τίνι, Luke 23:11. STRONGS NT 375a: ἀναπηδάωἀναπηδάω: (1 aor participle ἀναπηδήσας); (Homer, Iliad 11, 379; often in Plato, Xenophon, Demosthenes); to leap up, spring up, start up: ἀναπηδήσας, Mark 10:50 L T Tr WH; cf. Fritzsche at the passage (1 Samuel 20:34; Proverbs 18:4 (Ald., etc.); Tobit 2:4 Tobit 6:3 Tobit 7:6.) Strong’s Greek 375 depicts the deliberate act of forwarding a person or matter to a higher or proper authority. It may involve transferring upward in a judicial chain (Roman or Jewish), or simply sending back to the rightful steward. Though the immediate sense is logistical, the word carries theological weight by underscoring order, accountability, and respect for established authority—human and divine. Occurrences in Scripture 1. Luke 23:7 First-Century Legal Context Under Roman administration, provincial governors could “send up” difficult cases to a higher court or to the emperor himself. The term also described transferring a prisoner to the ruler whose jurisdiction originally applied. The practice protected both the governor (who avoided a political misstep) and the accused (who received the benefit of appeal). Luke, an educated historian, adopts the term in his orderly narrative of Jesus’ trial; Luke-Acts thereby mirrors authentic Roman procedure and affirms the reliability of the Gospel accounts. Christ before Herod and Pilate (Luke 23:7, 11, 15) Pilate, on learning that Jesus belonged to Galilee, honored jurisdictional boundaries: “And learning that He was under Herod’s jurisdiction, he sent Him to Herod, who was also in Jerusalem at that time” (Luke 23:7). Herod’s superficial interrogation ended with ridicule, after which he “sent Him back to Pilate” (Luke 23:11). Pilate’s summary to the leaders includes the same verb: “Neither has Herod, for he has sent Him back to us” (Luke 23:15). Topically these verses highlight: Paul’s Appeal to Caesar (Acts 25:21) Festus recounts to King Agrippa: “But when Paul appealed to be held over for the decision of the Emperor, I ordered that he be held until I could send him to Caesar” (Acts 25:21). Themes arising: Onesimus and Reconciliation (Philemon 1:12) “I am sending him back to you with my own heart”. Here the word leaves the courtroom and enters a house-church. Paul returns Onesimus to Philemon, not as a runaway bond-servant but as “a beloved brother.” Key insights: Theology of Authority and Accountability The word consistently points upward—geographically in Jerusalem, hierarchically in Roman law, spiritually toward God. Scripture affirms that all earthly authority is derivative (Romans 13:1). To “send up” is, in effect, to acknowledge a higher court whose verdict is final. Whether Jesus before Pilate, Paul before Caesar, or Onesimus before Philemon, every matter ultimately ascends to God’s throne. Practical Ministry Applications • Christian leaders should honor legitimate structures—civil, ecclesial, familial—while trusting God’s ultimate oversight. See Also Luke 20:25; Romans 13:1-5; 1 Peter 2:13-25; Hebrews 4:14-16 Englishman's Concordance Luke 23:7 V-AIA-3SGRK: Ἡρῴδου ἐστὶν ἀνέπεμψεν αὐτὸν πρὸς NAS: jurisdiction, he sent Him to Herod, KJV: Herod's jurisdiction, he sent him to INT: of Herod he is he sent up him to Luke 23:11 V-AIA-3S Luke 23:15 V-AIA-3S Acts 25:21 V-ASA-1S Philemon 1:12 V-AIA-1S Strong's Greek 375 |
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