Lexical Summary pempó: To send Original Word: πέμπω Strong's Exhaustive Concordance send, thrust in. Apparently a primary verb; to dispatch (from the subjective view or point of departure, whereas hiemi (as a stronger form of eimi) refers rather to the objective point or terminus ad quem, and stello denotes properly, the orderly motion involved), especially on a temporary errand; also to transmit, bestow, or wield -- send, thrust in. see GREEK stello NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Origina prim. word Definition to send NASB Translation dispatch (1), put (2), send (24), sending (2), sent (50). Thayer's Greek Lexicon STRONGS NT 3992: πέμπωπέμπω; future πέμψω; 1 aorist ἔπεμψα (on its epistolary use (for the present or the perfect) see Winers Grammar, 278 (261); Buttmann, 198 (172); Lightfoot on Philippians 2:(25),28; Philemon 1:11); passive, present πέμπομαι; 1 aorist ἐπεμφθην (Luke 7:10); from Homer down; the Sept. for שָׁלַח; to send: τινα, absolutely, one to do something, Matthew 22:7; Luke 7:19; Luke 16:24; John 1:22; John 7:18; John 13:16, 20; John 20:21 (Treg. marginal reading ἀποστέλλω); 2 Corinthians 9:3; Philippians 2:23, 28, etc.; τινα or τινας is omitted where the participle is joined to another finite verb, as πέμψας ἀπεκεφάλισε τόν λωαννην, he sent (a deputy) and beheaded John, Matthew 14:10; add, Acts 19:31; Acts 23:30 (for other examples see ἀποστέλλω, 1 d.); in imitation of the Hebrew פּ בְּיַד שָׁלַח (1 Samuel 16:20; 2 Samuel 11:14; 2 Samuel 12:25; 1 Kings 2:25) we find πέμψας διά τῶν μαθητῶν αὐτοῦ, he sent by his disciples (unless with Fritzsche, and Bornemann, Schol. in Luc., p. lxv., one prefer to take πέμψας absolutely and to connect διά τῶν μαθητῶν with the following εἶπεν (so Meyer, but see (7te Aufl., Weiss edition), Keil, DeWette, others)), Matthew 11:2 L T Tr WH (so ἀποστείλας διά τοῦ ἀγγέλου, Revelation 1:1). Teachers who come forward by God's command and with his anthority are said to be (or to have been) sent by God: as, John the Baptist, John 1:33; Jesus, John 4:34; John 5:23f, 30, 37; John 6:38-40, 44; John 7:16, 28, etc.; Romans 8:3; the Holy Spirit, rhetorically personified, John 14:26; John 15:26; John 16:7. τινα, with the dative of the person to whom one is sent: 1 Corinthians 4:17; Philippians 2:19; τινα τίνι παρά τίνος (properly, to send one to one from one's abode (see παρά, I. a.)), John 15:26; πρός τινα, Luke 4:26; John 16:7; Acts 10:33; Acts 15:25; Acts 23:30; (xxv. 21 R G); Ephesians 6:22; Philippians 2:25; Colossians 4:8; Titus 3:12; with the participle λέγων added (Hebrew לֵאמֹר שָׁלַח, Genesis 38:25; 2 Samuel 14:32, etc.), said by messenger (German liess sagen), Luke 7:6, 19; τινα εἰς with an accusative of place, Matthew 2:8; Luke 15:15; Luke 16:27; Acts 10:5; the end, for which one is sent is indicated — by the preposition εἰς, Ephesians 6:22; Colossians 4:8; 1 Peter 2:14; by an infinitive, John 1:33; 1 Corinthians 16:3; Revelation 22:16. Of things, τί τίνι, a. to bid a thing to be carried to one: Revelation 11:10; with εἰς and an accusative of place added, Revelation 1:11; εἰς with an accusative indicating the purpose, Acts 11:29; Philippians 4:16 (here Lachmannbr. εἰς; cf. Buttmann, 329 (283)). b. to send (thrust or insert) a thing into another: Revelation 14:15, 18 (Aelian hist. an. 12, 5); τίνι τί εἰς τό with an inf, 2 Thessalonians 2:11. (Compare: ἀναπέμπω, ἐκπέμπω, μεταπέμπω, προπέμπω, συμπέμπω.) [SYNONYMS: πέμπω, ἀποστέλλω: πέμπω is the general term (differing from ἵημι in directing attention not to the exit but to the advent); it may even imply accompaniment (as when the sender is God). ἀποστέλλω includes a reference to equipment, and suggests official or authoritative sending. Cf. Schmidt, chapter 104; Westcott on John 20:21, 'Additional Note'; also 'Additional Note' on 1 John 3:5.] Topical Lexicon Root Idea of Commission and Delegation Strong’s Greek 3992 portrays purposeful dispatch: one in authority entrusts a representative with a defined task. Whether a king, an apostle, or God Himself, the sender retains initiative while the one sent serves as authorized agent. The concept therefore undergirds revelation, mission, and covenant administration throughout the New Testament. Divine Sending: Father to Son A dominant theme is the Father’s initiative in redemption. John records the verb more than any other writer, stressing the Son’s heavenly origin and obedient mission. “For I have come down from heaven, not to do My own will but the will of Him who sent Me” (John 6:38). Repetition (John 5:23, 30; 7:28-33; 8:18-29; 12:44-49; 15:21; 16:5) affirms Christ’s equality with yet submission to the Father. The verb thereby supports Trinitarian doctrine: distinct persons acting in perfect unity. Sending of the Spirit and Spiritual Gifts The same authoritative initiative characterizes the promise of the Paraclete. “When the Advocate comes, whom I will send to you from the Father—the Spirit of truth who proceeds from the Father—He will testify about Me” (John 15:26). Luke echoes the pattern in Acts, where the ascended Christ “sends” the promised Spirit (Acts 2 foundation; implicit in Acts 19:31). Thus the Church’s power stems from divine sending, never self-generated programs. Christ Sending His Disciples Mission is not limited to the Incarnation. “As the Father has sent Me, I also send you” (John 20:21). The verb moves from Christological confession to ecclesial vocation. Luke 10:1-3, though employing ἀποστέλλω, embodies the same dynamic: workers are thrust into the harvest by the Lord of the harvest. Apostolic and Ecclesial Mission Acts showcases repeated dispatch: The verb therefore links doctrinal truth to practical service, merging orthodoxy and charity. Human Authorities and Secular Contexts Governors use the term when transferring prisoners (Acts 23:30; 25:25, 27). Herod “sent” to behead John the Baptist (Matthew 14:10). The word thus covers statecraft and justice—sometimes just, sometimes abusive—yet God’s sovereign purposes overrule human intentions. Sending as Judgment “God sends them a powerful delusion” (2 Thessalonians 2:11) shows that divine sending can be judicial as well as salvific. Likewise Revelation pictures angels “sent” to reap earth’s harvest (Revelation 14:15, 18). Mission and judgment both flow from the throne. Prayer and Intercession: Sending Help The rich man in Hades pleads, “Send Lazarus to my father’s house” (Luke 16:27). Legion begs, “Send us into the pigs” (Mark 5:12). Such petitions recognize authority, though not always granted. The Pauline Perspective Paul employs 3992 for pastoral logistics: The verb frames coworkers as trusted envoys, exemplifying team ministry and accountability. The Johannine Theology of Sending John’s Gospel layers meaning: 1. Origin—Christ’s heavenly provenance. Thus relationship, mission, and revelation converge. Eschatological Sending Revelation opens with Christ’s self-attestation: “I, Jesus, have sent My angel to give you this testimony for the churches” (Revelation 22:16). The final book closes the canonical arc: the same Lord who was sent now sends, ensuring prophetic continuity until His return. Practical Ministry Application Today 1. Authority: Ministries proceed only by Christ’s commission. In every occurrence of 3992, the New Testament presents a theology of purposeful delegation that culminates in the Great Commission and continues through Spirit-empowered witness until the consummation of all things. Forms and Transliterations έπεμπον επεμφθη επέμφθη ἐπέμφθη επεμψα έπεμψα ἔπεμψα επεμψαμεν επέμψαμεν ἐπέμψαμεν επεμψατε επέμψατε ἐπέμψατε έπεμψε επεμψεν έπεμψεν ἔπεμψεν πεμπει πέμπει πεμπειν πέμπειν πεμπομενοις πεμπομένοις πεμποντα πέμποντα πεμπω πέμπω πεμφθεντες πεμφθέντες πεμφθήτω πεμψαι πέμψαι πεμψαντα πέμψαντα πέμψαντά πεμψαντες πέμψαντες πεμψαντι πέμψαντί πεμψαντος πέμψαντος πέμψαντός πεμψας πέμψας πέμψασα πεμψασιν πέμψασιν πεμψάτω πεμψει πέμψει πεμψης πέμψης πέμψῃς Πεμψον Πέμψον πεμψουσιν πέμψουσιν πεμψω πέμψω epemphthe epemphthē epémphthe epémphthē epempsa épempsa epempsamen epémpsamen epempsate epémpsate epempsen épempsen pempei pémpei pempein pémpein pemphthentes pemphthéntes pempo pempō pémpo pémpō pempomenois pempoménois pemponta pémponta pempsai pémpsai pempsanta pémpsanta pémpsantá pempsantes pémpsantes pempsanti pémpsantí pempsantos pémpsantos pémpsantós pempsas pémpsas pempsasin pémpsasin pempsei pémpsei pémpseis pémpsēis pempses pempsēs pempso pempsō pémpso pémpsō Pempson Pémpson pempsousin pémpsousinLinks Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel TextsEnglishman's Concordance Matthew 2:8 V-APA-NMSGRK: καὶ πέμψας αὐτοὺς εἰς NAS: And he sent them to Bethlehem KJV: And he sent them to INT: And having sent them to Matthew 11:2 V-APA-NMS Matthew 14:10 V-APA-NMS Matthew 22:7 V-APA-NMS Mark 5:12 V-AMA-2S Luke 4:26 V-AIP-3S Luke 7:6 V-AIA-3S Luke 7:10 V-APP-NMP Luke 7:19 V-AIA-3S Luke 15:15 V-AIA-3S Luke 16:24 V-AMA-2S Luke 16:27 V-ASA-2S Luke 20:11 V-ANA Luke 20:12 V-ANA Luke 20:13 V-FIA-1S John 1:22 V-APA-DMP John 1:33 V-APA-NMS John 4:34 V-APA-GMS John 5:23 V-APA-AMS John 5:24 V-APA-DMS John 5:30 V-APA-GMS John 5:37 V-APA-NMS John 6:38 V-APA-GMS John 6:39 V-APA-GMS John 6:44 V-APA-NMS Strong's Greek 3992 |
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