Lexicon phoneuó: To murder, to kill Original Word: φονεύω
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: phoneuó
Pronunciation: fo-neu'-o
Phonetic Spelling: (fon-yoo'-o)
Definition: To murder, to kill
Meaning: I murder, kill. Strong's Exhaustive Concordance kill, slay. From phoneus; to be a murderer (of) -- kill, do murder, slay. see GREEK phoneus HELPS Word-studies 5407 phoneúō (from 5408 /phónos, "murder, homicide") – to murder, commit intentional (unjustified) homicide. NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Originfrom phoneusDefinitionto kill, murder NASB Translationcommit murder (5), commits murder (1), murder (3), murdered (2), put to death (1).
Thayer's Greek Lexicon STRONGS NT 5407: φονεύωφονεύω; future φονεύσω; 1 aorist ἐφόνευσα; ( φονεύς); from ( Pindar, Aeschylus), Herodotus down; the Sept. mostly for רָצֵח, also for הָרַג, הִכָּה, etc.; to kill, slay, murder; absolutely, to commit murder ( A. V. kill): Matthew 5:21; James 4:2; οὐ (which see 6) φονεύσεις, Matthew 5:21; Matthew 19:18; Romans 13:9 ( Exodus 20:15); μή φονεύσῃς, Mark 10:19; Luke 18:20; James 2:11. τινα: Matthew 23:31, 35; James 5:6.
Topical Lexicon Word Origin: Derived from the Greek noun φονεύς (phoneus), meaning "murderer."Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: • H7523 רָצַח (ratsach): To murder, to slay, often used in the context of unlawful killing.
• H2026 הָרַג (harag): To kill, to slay, used more broadly for killing in various contexts, including warfare and execution.
These Hebrew terms provide the Old Testament background for the concept of murder, which is carried into the New Testament understanding through the Greek φονεύω. Usage: The verb φονεύω is used in the New Testament to describe the act of murder or unlawful killing. It is often used in contexts that emphasize the moral and legal prohibition against taking another person's life. Context: The Greek verb φονεύω appears in several key passages in the New Testament, underscoring the gravity of murder as a sin and a violation of God's commandments. It is most notably found in the context of the Ten Commandments, where it is used to translate the command "You shall not murder" (Matthew 5:21, BSB: "You have heard that it was said to the ancients, ‘Do not murder’"). This commandment is foundational in both Jewish and Christian ethical teachings, highlighting the sanctity of human life.
In the Sermon on the Mount, Jesus expands on the traditional understanding of murder, teaching that even harboring anger or hatred towards another person is subject to judgment (Matthew 5:22, BSB). This interpretation elevates the commandment from a mere legal prohibition to a matter of the heart, emphasizing the importance of reconciliation and love.
The act of murder is also used metaphorically in the New Testament to describe spiritual or moral destruction. For example, in John 8:44, Jesus refers to the devil as a "murderer from the beginning," indicating the destructive nature of sin and deception.
The apostle Paul, in his letters, lists murder among the works of the flesh, contrasting it with the fruits of the Spirit (Galatians 5:19-21, BSB). This further illustrates the incompatibility of such acts with the life of a believer, who is called to live in accordance with the Spirit.
Overall, φονεύω is a term that encapsulates the serious nature of taking a life, both in physical and spiritual terms, and serves as a reminder of the call to uphold the value and dignity of every human being. Forms and Transliterations εφόνευσαν εφόνευσας εφονευσατε εφονεύσατε ἐφονεύσατε εφονευσέν εφόνευσεν εφονοκτονήθη πεφόνευκεν πεφονευμένης φονευεις φονεύεις φονευετε φονεύετε φονευθήσονται φονεύοντος φονεύσαί φονεύσαντα φονεύσαντας φονεύσαντι φονεύσαντος φονευσαντων φονευσάντων φονεύσας φονεύσασι φονεύσει φονευσεις φονεύσεις φονευση φονεύση φονεύσῃ φονευσης φονεύσης φονεύσῃς φονεύσωμεν φονεύων φονοκτονεί φονοκτονήσητε ephoneusate ephoneúsate phoneueis phoneúeis phoneuete phoneúete phoneusanton phoneusantōn phoneusánton phoneusántōn phoneuse phoneusē phoneúsei phoneúsēi phoneuseis phoneúseis phoneúsēis phoneuses phoneusēsLinks Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel TextsEnglishman's Concordance Matthew 5:21 V-FIA-2SGRK: ἀρχαίοις Οὐ φονεύσεις ὃς δ'NAS: were told, YOU SHALL NOT COMMIT MURDER KJV: Thou shalt not kill; and whosoever INT: ancients not You will murder whoever moreover Matthew 5:21 V-ASA-3S
GRK: δ' ἂν φονεύσῃ ἔνοχος ἔσται
NAS: YOU SHALL NOT COMMIT MURDER and 'Whoever
KJV: whosoever shall kill shall be
INT: moreover anyhow shall murder liable will be Matthew 19:18 V-FIA-2S
GRK: Τό Οὐ φονεύσεις Οὐ μοιχεύσεις
NAS: said, YOU SHALL NOT COMMIT MURDER; YOU SHALL NOT COMMIT ADULTERY;
KJV: no murder, Thou shalt
INT: not You will murder not You will commit adultery Matthew 23:31 V-APA-GMP
GRK: ἐστε τῶν φονευσάντων τοὺς προφήτας
NAS: of those who murdered the prophets.
KJV: the children of them which killed the prophets.
INT: you are of the [ones] having murdered the prophets Matthew 23:35 V-AIA-2P
GRK: Βαραχίου ὃν ἐφονεύσατε μεταξὺ τοῦ
NAS: whom you murdered between
KJV: whom ye slew between
INT: of Berekiah whom you murdered between the Mark 10:19 V-ASA-2S
GRK: οἶδας Μὴ φονεύσῃς Μὴ μοιχεύσῃς
NAS: the commandments, DO NOT MURDER, DO NOT COMMIT ADULTERY,
KJV: Do not kill, Do not
INT: you know not Do commit adultery not Do murder Luke 18:20 V-ASA-2S
GRK: μοιχεύσῃς Μὴ φονεύσῃς Μὴ κλέψῃς
NAS: DO NOT COMMIT ADULTERY, DO NOT MURDER, DO NOT STEAL,
KJV: Do not kill, Do not
INT: You should commit adultery not you should murder not you should steal Romans 13:9 V-FIA-2S
GRK: μοιχεύσεις Οὐ φονεύσεις Οὐ κλέψεις
NAS: YOU SHALL NOT COMMIT ADULTERY, YOU SHALL NOT MURDER, YOU SHALL NOT STEAL,
KJV: Thou shalt not kill, Thou shalt not
INT: You will commit adultery not You will murder not you will steal James 2:11 V-ASA-2S
GRK: καί Μὴ φονεύσῃς εἰ δὲ
NAS: also said, DO NOT COMMIT MURDER. Now
KJV: Do not kill. Now if
INT: also not You might murder if moreover James 2:11 V-PIA-2S
GRK: οὐ μοιχεύεις φονεύεις δέ γέγονας
NAS: said, DO NOT COMMIT MURDER. Now if
KJV: yet if thou kill, thou art become
INT: no you shall commit adultery shall commit murder however you have become James 4:2 V-PIA-2P
GRK: οὐκ ἔχετε φονεύετε καὶ ζηλοῦτε
NAS: and do not have; [so] you commit murder. You are envious
KJV: have not: ye kill, and desire to have,
INT: not have you kill and are desirous James 5:6 V-AIA-2P
GRK: κατεδικάσατε ἐφονεύσατε τὸν δίκαιον
NAS: You have condemned and put to death the righteous
KJV: Ye have condemned [and] killed the just;
INT: you condemned you killed the righteous Strong's Greek 5407
12 Occurrences
ἐφονεύσατε — 2 Occ.
φονεύεις — 1 Occ.
φονεύετε — 1 Occ.
φονευσάντων — 1 Occ.
φονεύσῃ — 1 Occ.
φονεύσῃς — 3 Occ.
φονεύσεις — 3 Occ.
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