Lexical Summary himmo or himmon: them, they Original Word: הִמּוֹ Strong's Exhaustive Concordance them, those (Aramaic) or (prolonged) himmown (Aramaic) {him- mone'}; corresponding to hem; they -- X are, them, those. see HEBREW hem NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Origin(Aramaic) corresponding to hem Definition they NASB Translation these (1). Brown-Driver-Briggs הִמּוֺ9 (Ezra), הִמּוֺן3 (Daniel), pronoun 3 plural they, them (= Biblical Hebrew הֵם, הֵמָּה, q. v., but the more original forms. Egyptian Aramaic המו CIS145B 4 (Cooke207),149A 1, S-CPap. C 7, 10 +; not ᵑ7 Syriac, which use אִנּוּן a. as nominative Ezra 5:11 אֲבַחְנָא הִמּוֺ עַבְדוֺהִי we are his servants (construction as in Syriac, Nö§ 312 D Matthew 5:13, K§ 87. 3). b. as accusative (in Biblical Aramaic, as in Syriac, there being no verbal suffix of 3plural; so Egyptian Aramaic Cooke76B 4, S-CPap. E 5 +), En 2:34 והדקת הִמּוֺ and crushed them, v35; v35; 3:22; Ezra 4:10,23; Ezra 5:5,12,14 (twice in verse); Ezra 5:15; Ezra 7:17. — compare אִנּוּן. Topical Lexicon Overview הִמּוֹ functions as an emphatic third-person plural pronoun, “they / them,” appearing twelve times in the Aramaic sections of Ezra and Daniel. Though grammatically modest, the word serves as a pivot for identifying groups or items central to the narrative, underscoring divine sovereignty over nations and events during the exile and early post-exilic era. Canonical Distribution Ezra 4:10; 4:23; 5:5; 5:11; 5:12; 5:14 (twice); 5:15; 7:17 Daniel 2:34; 2:35; 3:22 Historical Setting 1. Ezra: The occurrences fall within correspondence between Persian officials and the Jerusalem community (Ezra 4–7). The pronoun marks distinctions between opposing Gentile officials, Persian kings, and the returned exiles. Exegetical Highlights • Ezra 4:23 contrasts “them” (the opponents empowered by Artaxerxes) with the covenant people, illustrating the political pressure faced by the builders. Theological Significance 1. Divine Superintendence: Each occurrence frames “them” either as agents opposing God’s purposes or as instruments God reclaims (temple vessels). The pronoun quietly affirms that groups and objects alike remain under His authority. Implications for Ministry and Discipleship • Identity in Exile: Believers today, like the returnees in Ezra, navigate cultures where opposing forces are labeled simply as “them.” The text encourages steadfast obedience, trusting God to overrule hostile decrees. Summary Though הִמּוֹ translates merely as “them,” its twelve strategic appearances in Ezra and Daniel sharpen the narrative focus on nations, objects, and individuals under divine orchestration. The word reinforces the biblical message that God distinguishes, preserves, and ultimately vindicates His people while sweeping away every opposing “them” that challenges His redemptive plan. Forms and Transliterations הִמּ֔וֹ הִמּ֔וֹן הִמּ֖וֹ הִמּ֜וֹ הִמּ֡וֹ הִמּֽוֹן׃ הִמּוֹן֙ המו המון המון׃ him·mō·wn him·mōw himMo himMon himmōw himmōwnLinks Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel TextsEnglishman's Concordance Ezra 4:10 HEB: וְיַקִּירָ֔א וְהוֹתֵ֣ב הִמּ֔וֹ בְּקִרְיָ֖ה דִּ֣י INT: and honorable and settled them the city which Ezra 4:23 Ezra 5:5 Ezra 5:11 Ezra 5:12 Ezra 5:14 Ezra 5:14 Ezra 5:15 Ezra 7:17 Daniel 2:34 Daniel 2:35 Daniel 3:22 12 Occurrences |
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, instead; Arabic 
, 
. The n in הִמּוֺן, as in דֵּין, אִלֵּין, by the side of זֶה, אֵלֶּה, 
; NöM 86 WCG 106); — they, them: