6776. tsemed

Lexicon

tsemed: Pair, yoke, team

Original Word: צֶמד
Part of Speech: Noun Masculine
Transliteration: tsemed
Pronunciation: tseh'-med
Phonetic Spelling: (tseh'-med)
Definition: Pair, yoke, team
Meaning: an acre

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance

acre, couple, together, two donkeys, yoke of oxen

A yoke or team (i.e. Pair); hence, an acre (i.e. Day's task for a yoke of cattle to plough) -- acre, couple, X together, two (donkeys), yoke (of oxen).

NAS Exhaustive Concordance

Word Origin
from tsamad
Definition
a couple, pair
NASB Translation
acre (1), acres (1), couple (1), pair (3), pairs (3), team (1), together (1), two (1), yoke (3).

Brown-Driver-Briggs

צֶ֫מֶד noun masculine^{1Kings 19:19} couple, pair; — ׳צ construct Judges 19:3 +; suffix צִמְדּוֺ Jeremiah 51:23; plural צְמָדִים 1 Kings 19:19; 2 Kings 9:25 (but see below); construct צִמְדֵּי Isaiah 5:10 (Ges^{§ 93m}); —

1 couple, pair, usually of animals, חֲמֹרִים ׳צ Judges 19:3,10; 2 Samuel 16:1; בָּקָר (הַ) ׳צ span of oxen 1 Samuel 11:7; 1 Kings 19:21, plural of more than one span 1 Kings 19:19 (ploughing), Job 1:3; Job 42:12; צֶמֶד מְּרָדִים 2 Kings 5:17; מָּרָשִׁים ׳צ Isaiah 21:7,9 a pair of horsemen; plural also of one pair of riders 2 Kings 9:25 (but read probably צֶמֶד, so Kit); ׳צ alone = span (of oxen) Jeremiah 51:23.

2 a measure of land (only square measure in OT) like acre; originally apparently what a span can plough (in a day; see Now^{Archaeology i. 202} Benz^{Archaeology 208}; compare modern faddan, = what, can be ploughed in a season Schumacher^{ZPV xii (1889), 163 f.}, Across Jordan 22, or in a day Bergheim^{PEQ, 1894, 192}, Ency. Bib.^ACRE), שָׂדֶה ׳צ 1 Samuel 14:14 (on text see Dr HPS); צִמְדֵּיכֶֿרֶם Isaiah 5:10.

Topical Lexicon

Word Origin: Derived from the root צָמַד (tsamad), which means "to couple" or "to join."

Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: • G1016 (bous): Refers to an ox or cow, often used in the context of plowing or agricultural work.
• G1091 (georgion): Refers to a field or piece of land, particularly in the context of cultivation or farming.
• G2201 (zeugos): Refers to a yoke or pair, often used in the context of animals yoked together for plowing.

These Greek terms, while not direct translations of צֶמד (tsemed), relate to similar agricultural concepts and practices, emphasizing the interconnectedness of land, livestock, and labor in both Hebrew and Greek contexts.

Usage: The term צֶמד (tsemed) is used in the context of agriculture and land measurement, particularly in reference to the area that can be plowed by a pair of oxen. It appears in the Old Testament to describe land area in terms of agricultural productivity.

Context: • The term צֶמד (tsemed) is used in the Hebrew Bible to denote a specific measure of land, often translated as "acre" in English. This measurement is based on the agricultural practice of using a yoke of oxen to plow fields. The concept of an acre in ancient Israel was not a fixed measurement as it is today but was rather understood in terms of the work that could be accomplished by a pair of oxen in a day.
• In 1 Samuel 14:14, the term is used to describe the area of land affected by Jonathan and his armor-bearer's attack on the Philistine outpost: "In that first attack, Jonathan and his armor-bearer struck down about twenty men in an area of half an acre of land."
• The use of צֶמד (tsemed) reflects the agrarian society of ancient Israel, where land was a critical resource for sustenance and economic stability. The measurement of land by the capability of oxen highlights the importance of livestock in agricultural productivity and land management.

Forms and Transliterations

וְצִמְדּ֑וֹ וְצֶ֣מֶד וְצֶ֨מֶד וצמד וצמדו צְמָדִים֙ צִמְדֵּי־ צֶ֖מֶד צֶ֚מֶד צֶ֤מֶד צֶ֥מֶד צֶ֧מֶד צֶ֨מֶד צֶֽמֶד־ צמד צמד־ צמדי־ צמדים ṣə·mā·ḏîm ṣe·meḏ ṣe·meḏ- ṣəmāḏîm ṣemeḏ ṣemeḏ- ṣim·dê- ṣimdê- tzemaDim Tzemed tzimdei veTzemed vetzimDo wə·ṣe·meḏ wə·ṣim·dōw wəṣemeḏ wəṣimdōw

Englishman's Concordance

Judges 19:3
HEB: וְנַעֲר֥וֹ עִמּ֖וֹ וְצֶ֣מֶד חֲמֹרִ֑ים וַתְּבִיאֵ֙הוּ֙
NAS: taking with him his servant and a pair of donkeys.
KJV: having his servant with him, and a couple of asses:
INT: his servant and a pair of donkeys brought

Judges 19:10
HEB: יְרוּשָׁלִָ֑ם וְעִמּ֗וֹ צֶ֤מֶד חֲמוֹרִים֙ חֲבוּשִׁ֔ים
NAS: (that is, Jerusalem). And there were with him a pair of saddled
KJV: which [is] Jerusalem; and [there were] with him two asses
INT: which Jerusalem with two donkeys of saddled

1 Samuel 11:7
HEB: וַיִּקַּח֩ צֶ֨מֶד בָּקָ֜ר וַֽיְנַתְּחֵ֗הוּ
NAS: He took a yoke of oxen
KJV: And he took a yoke of oxen,
INT: took A yoke of oxen and cut

1 Samuel 14:14
HEB: כְּבַחֲצִ֥י מַעֲנָ֖ה צֶ֥מֶד שָׂדֶֽה׃
NAS: a furrow in an acre of land.
KJV: of land, [which] a yoke [of oxen might plow].
INT: half A furrow an acre of land

2 Samuel 16:1
HEB: בֹ֖שֶׁת לִקְרָאת֑וֹ וְצֶ֨מֶד חֲמֹרִ֜ים חֲבֻשִׁ֗ים
NAS: met him with a couple of saddled
KJV: met him, with a couple of asses
INT: of Mephibosheth met A couple donkeys of saddled

1 Kings 19:19
HEB: שְׁנֵים־ עָשָׂ֤ר צְמָדִים֙ לְפָנָ֔יו וְה֖וּא
NAS: with twelve pairs [of oxen] before
KJV: [with] twelve yoke [of oxen] before
INT: both ten pairs before he

1 Kings 19:21
HEB: וַיִּקַּ֣ח אֶת־ צֶ֧מֶד הַבָּקָ֣ר וַיִּזְבָּחֵ֗הוּ
NAS: him, and took the pair of oxen
KJV: and took a yoke of oxen,
INT: following and took the pair of oxen and sacrificed

2 Kings 5:17
HEB: לְעַבְדְּךָ֔ מַשָּׂ֥א צֶֽמֶד־ פְּרָדִ֖ים אֲדָמָ֑ה
NAS: at least be given two mules'
KJV: to thy servant two mules'
INT: your servant load two mules' of earth

2 Kings 9:25
HEB: אֵ֣ת רֹכְבִ֤ים צְמָדִים֙ אַֽחֲרֵי֙ אַחְאָ֣ב
NAS: when you and I were riding together after
KJV: how that, when I and thou rode together after
INT: you were riding together after Ahab

Job 1:3
HEB: וַחֲמֵ֨שׁ מֵא֤וֹת צֶֽמֶד־ בָּקָר֙ וַחֲמֵ֣שׁ
NAS: camels, 500yoke of oxen, 500
KJV: hundred yoke of oxen,
INT: and five hundred yoke of oxen and five

Job 42:12
HEB: גְּמַלִּ֔ים וְאֶֽלֶף־ צֶ֥מֶד בָּקָ֖ר וְאֶ֥לֶף
NAS: and 1,000 yoke of oxen
KJV: and a thousand yoke of oxen,
INT: camels thousand yoke of oxen thousand

Isaiah 5:10
HEB: כִּ֗י עֲשֶׂ֙רֶת֙ צִמְדֵּי־ כֶ֔רֶם יַעֲשׂ֖וּ
NAS: For ten acres of vineyard will yield
KJV: Yea, ten acres of vineyard shall yield
INT: Yea ten acres of vineyard will yield

Isaiah 21:7
HEB: וְרָ֣אָה רֶ֗כֶב צֶ֚מֶד פָּֽרָשִׁ֔ים רֶ֥כֶב
NAS: horsemen in pairs, A train
KJV: a chariot [with] a couple of horsemen,
INT: sees riders pairs horsemen A train

Isaiah 21:9
HEB: רֶ֣כֶב אִ֔ישׁ צֶ֖מֶד פָּֽרָשִׁ֑ים וַיַּ֣עַן
NAS: horsemen in pairs. And one said,
KJV: of men, [with] a couple of horsemen.
INT: of riders A troop pairs horsemen answered

Jeremiah 51:23
HEB: בְךָ֖ אִכָּ֣ר וְצִמְדּ֑וֹ וְנִפַּצְתִּ֣י בְךָ֔
NAS: the farmer and his team, And with you I shatter
KJV: the husbandman and his yoke of oxen; and with thee will I break in pieces
INT: shatter the farmer and his team shatter governors

15 Occurrences

Strong's Hebrew 6776
15 Occurrences

ṣə·mā·ḏîm — 2 Occ.
ṣe·meḏ — 9 Occ.
ṣim·dê- — 1 Occ.
wə·ṣe·meḏ — 2 Occ.
wə·ṣim·dōw — 1 Occ.