Luke 20:44
New International Version
David calls him ‘Lord.’ How then can he be his son?”

New Living Translation
Since David called the Messiah ‘Lord,’ how can the Messiah be his son?”

English Standard Version
David thus calls him Lord, so how is he his son?”

Berean Standard Bible
Thus David calls Him ‘Lord.’ So how can He be David’s son?”

Berean Literal Bible
David therefore calls Him Lord, and how is He his son?"

King James Bible
David therefore calleth him Lord, how is he then his son?

New King James Version
Therefore David calls Him ‘Lord’; how is He then his Son?”

New American Standard Bible
Therefore David calls Him ‘Lord,’ and so how is He his son?”

NASB 1995
“Therefore David calls Him ‘Lord,’ and how is He his son?”

NASB 1977
“David therefore calls Him ‘Lord,’ and how is He his son?”

Legacy Standard Bible
Therefore David calls Him ‘Lord,’ so how is He his son?”

Amplified Bible
So David calls Him (the Son) ‘Lord,’ and how then is He David’s son?”

Christian Standard Bible
David calls him ‘Lord.’ How, then, can the Messiah be his son? ”

Holman Christian Standard Bible
David calls Him ‘Lord; how then can the Messiah be his Son?”

American Standard Version
David therefore calleth him Lord, and how is he his son?

Contemporary English Version
David spoke of the Messiah as his Lord, so how can the Messiah be his son?"

English Revised Version
David therefore calleth him Lord, and how is he his son?

GOD'S WORD® Translation
David calls him Lord. So how can he be his son?"

Good News Translation
David called him 'Lord'; how, then, can the Messiah be David's descendant?"

International Standard Version
So David calls him 'Lord.' Then how can he be his son?"

Majority Standard Bible
Thus David calls Him ‘Lord.’ So how can He be David’s son?”

NET Bible
If David then calls him 'Lord,' how can he be his son?"

New Heart English Bible
"David therefore calls him Lord, so how is he his son?"

Webster's Bible Translation
David therefore calleth him Lord, how is he then his son?

Weymouth New Testament
"David himself therefore calls Him Lord, and how can He be his son?"

World English Bible
“David therefore calls him Lord, so how is he his son?”
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
David, then, calls Him Lord, and how is He his son?”

Berean Literal Bible
David therefore calls Him Lord, and how is He his son?"

Young's Literal Translation
David, then, doth call him lord, and how is he his son?'

Smith's Literal Translation
David therefore calls him Lord, and how is be his son?
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
David then calleth him Lord: and how is he his son?

Catholic Public Domain Version
Therefore, David calls him Lord. So how can he be his son?”

New American Bible
Now if David calls him ‘lord,’ how can he be his son?”

New Revised Standard Version
David thus calls him Lord; so how can he be his son?”
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
If, therefore David calls him my Lord, how then can he be his son?

Aramaic Bible in Plain English
If, therefore, David called him, 'my Lord', how is he his son?”
NT Translations
Anderson New Testament
David, therefore, calls him Lord; and how is he his son?

Godbey New Testament
Therefore David calls Him Lord, and how is He his son?

Haweis New Testament
David then calleth him Lord, and how then is he his son?

Mace New Testament
if then David stiles the Messiah his Lord, how can he be descended from David?

Weymouth New Testament
"David himself therefore calls Him Lord, and how can He be his son?"

Worrell New Testament
David, therefore, calls Him Lord; and how is He his Son?"

Worsley New Testament
David therefore calleth Him Lord, and how is He then his son?

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Whose Son is the Christ?
43until I make Your enemies a footstool for Your feet.” ’ 44Thus David calls Him ‘Lord.’ So how can He be David’s son?” 45In the hearing of all the people, Jesus said to His disciples,…

Cross References
Psalm 110:1
A Psalm of David. The LORD said to my Lord: “Sit at My right hand until I make Your enemies a footstool for Your feet.”

Matthew 22:44
‘The Lord said to my Lord, “Sit at My right hand until I put Your enemies under Your feet.”’

Mark 12:36
Speaking by the Holy Spirit, David himself declared: ‘The Lord said to my Lord, “Sit at My right hand until I put Your enemies under Your feet.”’

Acts 2:34-35
For David did not ascend into heaven, but he himself says: ‘The Lord said to my Lord, “Sit at My right hand / until I make Your enemies a footstool for Your feet.”’

Hebrews 1:13
Yet to which of the angels did God ever say: “Sit at My right hand until I make Your enemies a footstool for Your feet”?

1 Corinthians 15:25
For He must reign until He has put all His enemies under His feet.

Ephesians 1:20-22
which He exerted in Christ when He raised Him from the dead and seated Him at His right hand in the heavenly realms, / far above all rule and authority, power and dominion, and every name that is named, not only in the present age but also in the one to come. / And God put everything under His feet and made Him head over everything for the church,

Colossians 3:1
Therefore, since you have been raised with Christ, strive for the things above, where Christ is seated at the right hand of God.

Hebrews 10:12-13
But when this Priest had offered for all time one sacrifice for sins, He sat down at the right hand of God. / Since that time, He waits for His enemies to be made a footstool for His feet,

Revelation 3:21
To the one who overcomes, I will grant the right to sit with Me on My throne, just as I overcame and sat down with My Father on His throne.

Romans 8:34
Who is there to condemn us? For Christ Jesus, who died, and more than that was raised to life, is at the right hand of God—and He is interceding for us.

1 Peter 3:22
who has gone into heaven and is at the right hand of God, with angels, authorities, and powers subject to Him.

Matthew 26:64
“You have said it yourself,” Jesus answered. “But I say to all of you, from now on you will see the Son of Man sitting at the right hand of Power and coming on the clouds of heaven.”

Mark 14:62
“I am,” said Jesus, “and you will see the Son of Man sitting at the right hand of Power and coming with the clouds of heaven.”

Acts 7:55-56
But Stephen, full of the Holy Spirit, looked intently into heaven and saw the glory of God and Jesus standing at the right hand of God. / “Look,” he said, “I see heaven open and the Son of Man standing at the right hand of God.”


Treasury of Scripture

David therefore calls him Lord, how is he then his son?

how.

Luke 1:31-35
And, behold, thou shalt conceive in thy womb, and bring forth a son, and shalt call his name JESUS…

Luke 2:11
For unto you is born this day in the city of David a Saviour, which is Christ the Lord.

Isaiah 7:14
Therefore the Lord himself shall give you a sign; Behold, a virgin shall conceive, and bear a son, and shall call his name Immanuel.

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Luke 20
1. Jesus confirms his authority by a question of John's baptism.
9. The parable of the vineyard.
19. Of giving tribute to Caesar.
27. He instructs the Sadducees, who denied the resurrection.
41. How Jesus is the Son of David.
45. He warns his disciples to beware of the scribes.














So if David
The phrase begins with a reference to King David, a central figure in Jewish history and the author of many Psalms. David is revered as a man after God's own heart (1 Samuel 13:14) and the archetype of a righteous king. The Greek word for "if" (εἰ) introduces a conditional statement, inviting the audience to consider the implications of David's actions and words. This sets the stage for a theological inquiry into the nature of the Messiah, who is traditionally understood to be a descendant of David.

calls Him 'Lord,'
The term "Lord" (κύριος, kurios) is significant in both Jewish and Christian contexts. In the Septuagint, the Greek translation of the Hebrew Scriptures, "kurios" is used to translate the Tetragrammaton (YHWH), the sacred name of God. By using this term, David acknowledges a superior authority, which is paradoxical if the Messiah is merely his descendant. This highlights the dual nature of the Messiah as both human and divine, a cornerstone of Christian theology. The act of calling someone "Lord" implies a recognition of their sovereignty and divinity, which is crucial in understanding Jesus' identity.

how can He be his son?
This rhetorical question challenges the prevailing Jewish expectation of the Messiah as a political and military leader who would restore Israel's fortunes. The Greek word for "son" (υἱός, huios) denotes lineage and inheritance, emphasizing the human aspect of the Messiah. However, Jesus uses this question to reveal a deeper truth about His identity. The Messiah is not just a descendant of David but also his Lord, pointing to the mystery of the Incarnation. This dual identity is a profound mystery that underscores the Christian belief in Jesus as both fully God and fully man.

Verse 44. - David therefore calleth him Lord, how is he then his Son? That Jesus was the acknowledged descendant of David during his earthly ministry, is indisputable; we need but refer to the cries of the populace on Palm Sunday, the words of the woman of Canaan, of blind Bartimaeus, and others. History bears its witness to the same fact. The Emperor Domitian, it is well known, summoned the kinsmen of Jesus, the sons of Jude, his so-called brother, to Rome as "the sons of David,"

Parallel Commentaries ...


Greek
So if
οὖν (oun)
Conjunction
Strong's 3767: Therefore, then. Apparently a primary word; certainly, or accordingly.

David
Δαυὶδ (Dauid)
Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular
Strong's 1138: David, King of Israel. Of Hebrew origin; Dabid, the Israelite king.

calls
καλεῖ (kalei)
Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular
Strong's 2564: (a) I call, summon, invite, (b) I call, name. Akin to the base of keleuo; to 'call'.

Him
αὐτὸν (auton)
Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular
Strong's 846: He, she, it, they, them, same. From the particle au; the reflexive pronoun self, used of the third person, and of the other persons.

Lord,
Κύριον (Kyrion)
Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular
Strong's 2962: Lord, master, sir; the Lord. From kuros; supreme in authority, i.e. controller; by implication, Master.

how
πῶς (pōs)
Adverb
Strong's 4459: Adverb from the base of pou; an interrogative particle of manner; in what way?; also as exclamation, how much!

can He be
ἐστιν (estin)
Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular
Strong's 1510: I am, exist. The first person singular present indicative; a prolonged form of a primary and defective verb; I exist.

[David’s]
αὐτοῦ (autou)
Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular
Strong's 846: He, she, it, they, them, same. From the particle au; the reflexive pronoun self, used of the third person, and of the other persons.

son?”
υἱός (huios)
Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular
Strong's 5207: A son, descendent. Apparently a primary word; a 'son', used very widely of immediate, remote or figuratively, kinship.


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Luke 20:43
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