He who loves pleasure will become poor;
This phrase warns against the pursuit of pleasure as a primary goal in life. In biblical context, the love of pleasure is often associated with a lack of discipline and foresight, leading to poverty. The Bible frequently contrasts the fleeting nature of worldly pleasures with the enduring value of wisdom and righteousness (Ecclesiastes 2:1-11). Historically, the pursuit of pleasure without regard for responsibility has led to the downfall of individuals and nations, as seen in the stories of figures like Samson (Judges 16) and the nation of Israel during periods of apostasy. Theologically, this phrase underscores the biblical principle that true fulfillment and prosperity come from a life aligned with God's will, rather than the pursuit of hedonistic desires.

the one who loves wine and oil will never be rich.
Wine and oil in ancient Israel were symbols of wealth and abundance, often used in religious rituals and as staples in the diet (Deuteronomy 7:13). However, an excessive love for these items indicates indulgence and a lack of self-control. The cultural context of the time viewed moderation as a virtue, and the Bible frequently warns against drunkenness and gluttony (Proverbs 23:20-21, Ephesians 5:18). This phrase suggests that those who prioritize luxury and excess over prudent management of resources will fail to achieve lasting wealth. In a broader spiritual sense, it reflects the teaching that spiritual riches are of greater value than material wealth, as seen in Jesus' teachings about storing treasures in heaven (Matthew 6:19-21).

1. Solomon
Traditionally considered the author of Proverbs, Solomon was the son of King David and known for his wisdom. His insights into human behavior and godly living are captured in the book of Proverbs.

2. Ancient Israel
The cultural and historical context of Proverbs is ancient Israel, where wisdom literature was a key part of teaching and guiding the community in righteous living.

3. Pleasure Seekers
This refers to individuals who prioritize personal enjoyment and indulgence over discipline and responsibility, leading to potential poverty.

4. Wine and Oil
In ancient times, wine and oil were symbols of luxury and wealth. They were often used in celebrations and anointing, representing abundance and prosperity.

5. Poverty and Wealth
These are recurring themes in Proverbs, often used to illustrate the consequences of wise versus foolish living.The Danger of Indulgence
Pursuing pleasure as a primary goal can lead to financial and spiritual poverty. Christians are called to exercise self-control and prioritize godly living over temporary pleasures.

The Illusion of Wealth
Loving luxury items like wine and oil can create a false sense of security. True wealth is found in a relationship with God and living according to His principles.

Wisdom in Financial Stewardship
Proverbs encourages wise management of resources. Christians should seek to balance enjoyment with responsibility, ensuring that their financial practices honor God.

Contentment in Christ
True contentment comes from a relationship with Christ, not from material possessions or indulgent living. Believers are encouraged to find joy in God's provision and purpose.(17) Wine and oil.--The accompaniments of a feast. The oil, or precious unguents, were poured over the head (comp. Psalm 23:5). It was the excessive love and gratitude of the two Marys (Luke 7:38; John 12:3) which prompted them to anoint the Lord's feet. These perfumes were sometimes of great value, the "pound of ointment of spikenard" (John 12:3) was worth "more than three hundred pence" (10 12s. 6d.), the wages of a day labourer (Matthew 20:2) for nearly a year.

Verse 17. - He that loveth pleasure shall be a poor man; qui diligit epulas, Vulgate; for feasts are chiefly, though not exclusively, intended. He shall become "a man of want" (machesor) as Proverbs 11:24. He that loveth wine and oil shall not be rich. "Wine and oil" were the usual adjuncts of banquets (Psalm 23:5; Psalm 104:15). Some unguents used for anointing honoured guests were very costly. The pound of spikenard expended by Mary of Bethany was worth more than three hundred pence - the wages of a labourer for nearly a whole year (see John 12:3; Matthew 20:2). Indulgence in such luxuries would be a token of prodigality and extravagance, which are the sure precursors of ruin; while, on the other hand, according to the trite proverb, Magnum vectigal est parsimonia. That fulness of meat and luxurious habits tend to spiritual poverty and the loss of grace, need not be insisted on. Septuagint, "A man in want (ἐνδεὴς) loveth mirth, loving wine and oil unto wealth (εἰς πλοῦτον)." Some translate the last words, "in abundance," as if the meaning was that the poor endeavours to mitigate the severity of his lot by getting all the pleasure he can from creature comforts however procured. Others think that a negative has fallen out of the Greek, which should be, "not unto wealth," i.e. he shall not be enriched thereby.

Parallel Commentaries ...


He who loves
אֹהֵ֣ב (’ō·hêḇ)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 157: To have affection f

pleasure
שִׂמְחָ֑ה (śim·ḥāh)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 8057: Blithesomeness, glee

will become poor;
מַ֭חְסוֹר (maḥ·sō·wr)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 4270: A need, thing needed, poverty

the one who loves
אֹהֵ֥ב (’ō·hêḇ)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 157: To have affection f

wine
יַֽיִן־ (ya·yin-)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 3196: Wine, intoxication

and oil
וָ֝שֶׁ֗מֶן (wā·še·men)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 8081: Grease, liquid, richness

will never
לֹ֣א (lō)
Adverb - Negative particle
Strong's 3808: Not, no

become rich.
יַעֲשִֽׁיר׃ (ya·‘ă·šîr)
Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 6238: To accumulate, chiefly, to grow, rich


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OT Poetry: Proverbs 21:17 He who loves pleasure shall be (Prov. Pro Pr)