Benjamin was the father of Bela his firstborn
Benjamin, the youngest son of Jacob and Rachel, is a significant figure in Israel's history. His lineage is crucial as it establishes the tribe of Benjamin, one of the twelve tribes of Israel. The tribe of Benjamin played a vital role in Israel's history, providing the first king, Saul. Bela, as the firstborn, holds a position of prominence and leadership within the tribe. The name Bela means "destruction" or "devouring," which may reflect the tribe's later military prowess. This lineage is also mentioned in Genesis 46:21, emphasizing the continuity of the tribal records.

Ashbel the second
Ashbel, the second son of Benjamin, is less prominent in biblical narratives but is still significant in maintaining the genealogical record of the tribe. His name means "a man of Baal" or "fire of God," which could indicate the religious influences or aspirations within the tribe. The mention of Ashbel in Numbers 26:38 further solidifies his place in the tribal lineage, ensuring the preservation of his descendants' heritage.

Aharah the third
Aharah, the third son, is also known as Ahiram in some biblical passages, such as Numbers 26:38. The variation in names is not uncommon in ancient genealogies and may reflect different dialects or traditions. Aharah's inclusion in the genealogy underscores the importance of maintaining a complete record of Benjamin's descendants. His name, meaning "brother of evil" or "brother of the lofty," might suggest a complex character or a significant role within the tribe. The tribe of Benjamin, despite its small size, was known for its fierce warriors and strategic importance, as seen in Judges 20.

Nohah the fourth
Nohah is listed as the fourth son of Benjamin, one of the twelve tribes of Israel. The name Nohah means "rest" or "quiet," which may reflect a desired state of peace or stability within the tribe. The tribe of Benjamin held a significant position among the tribes of Israel, being the tribe of King Saul, the first king of Israel. The mention of Nohah, though brief, contributes to the genealogical record that establishes the lineage and heritage of the Benjamites. This lineage is crucial for understanding the historical and tribal dynamics of Israel, as well as the fulfillment of God's promises to the patriarchs. The order of birth may also imply a certain hierarchy or role within the family structure, though specific details about Nohah's life and contributions are not provided in the biblical text.

Rapha the fifth
Rapha is noted as the fifth son of Benjamin. The name Rapha can mean "healed" or "giant," which might suggest a person of notable stature or strength, though the text does not elaborate on his life or deeds. The genealogical listing serves to preserve the family line and ensure the continuity of the tribe's history. In the broader biblical narrative, genealogies often highlight the faithfulness of God in preserving His people and fulfilling His covenant promises. The tribe of Benjamin, despite its small size, played a pivotal role in Israel's history, including the establishment of Jerusalem as the capital under King David, who was closely allied with the Benjamites. The mention of Rapha, like Nohah, underscores the importance of each family member in the unfolding story of God's people.

The sons of Bela:
Bela is identified as the firstborn son of Benjamin, one of the twelve tribes of Israel. The tribe of Benjamin held a significant position in Israel's history, being the tribe of King Saul, the first king of Israel. The listing of Bela's sons in 1 Chronicles 8 emphasizes the genealogical records that were crucial for maintaining tribal identities and inheritance rights. This genealogical focus underscores the importance of lineage in the biblical narrative, reflecting God's covenantal promises to the patriarchs.

Addar:
Addar is one of the sons of Bela, and his name means "mighty" or "glorious." The mention of Addar in the genealogical record highlights the continuation of the Benjaminite line. While there is limited information about Addar himself, his inclusion in the genealogy serves to establish the historical and familial context of the tribe of Benjamin. This reflects the broader biblical theme of God's faithfulness in preserving His people through generations.

Gera:
Gera is another son of Bela, and his name appears multiple times in the Bible, often associated with the tribe of Benjamin. Notably, a descendant of Gera, Ehud, becomes a judge of Israel (Judges 3:15). Ehud's story is significant as he delivers Israel from Moabite oppression, demonstrating God's deliverance through unexpected means. The mention of Gera in this genealogy connects to the broader narrative of God's provision and deliverance for His people.

Abihud:
Abihud, also a son of Bela, has a name meaning "the father is glorious" or "my father is majesty." While specific details about Abihud are scarce, his inclusion in the genealogy underscores the importance of family lines in the biblical text. The name itself reflects a recognition of God's majesty and glory, themes that are prevalent throughout Scripture. The genealogical record serves as a reminder of the continuity of God's promises and the unfolding of His redemptive plan through history.

Abishua
Abishua is a name that appears in the genealogies of the tribe of Benjamin. The name means "father of deliverance" or "my father is deliverance," which can be seen as a reflection of God's role as a deliverer in the history of Israel. Abishua is also mentioned in the lineage of the high priests, being the son of Phinehas and the father of Bukki, as recorded in 1 Chronicles 6:4-5. This connection to the priestly line highlights the importance of maintaining a pure lineage for those who served in the temple, emphasizing the continuity of God's covenant with Israel through the priesthood.

Naaman
Naaman is another descendant of Benjamin, and his name means "pleasant" or "gracious." This name is shared with a notable figure in 2 Kings 5, Naaman the Syrian, who was healed of leprosy by the prophet Elisha. While the Naaman in 1 Chronicles 8:4 is not the same individual, the shared name may suggest a common cultural appreciation for the qualities of grace and favor. The mention of Naaman in the genealogies underscores the diversity and richness of the Benjamite lineage, which played a significant role in the history of Israel, particularly in the establishment of the monarchy under King Saul, who was also from the tribe of Benjamin.

Ahoah
Ahoah is a less commonly mentioned name in the Bible, and its meaning is uncertain, though it may be related to the Hebrew word for "brotherly" or "fraternal." The inclusion of Ahoah in the genealogical record of Benjamin highlights the detailed nature of these records, which served to preserve the heritage and identity of the tribes of Israel. The genealogies in 1 Chronicles are crucial for understanding the historical and familial context of the Israelites, as they provide a framework for the narrative of God's people and their covenant relationship with Him. The tribe of Benjamin, despite its small size, was significant in Israel's history, contributing leaders and warriors, and maintaining its identity through the exile and return.

Gera
Gera is a name that appears multiple times in the genealogies of the tribe of Benjamin. This name is significant as it is associated with the lineage of Ehud, the left-handed judge who delivered Israel from Moabite oppression (Judges 3:15). The repetition of the name Gera in the Benjamite genealogy underscores the importance of family lineage and heritage in Israelite culture. It also highlights the tribe of Benjamin's role in Israel's history, as they produced notable leaders and warriors. The name Gera itself means "a grain" or "a kernel," which may symbolize the potential for growth and development within the tribe.

Shephuphan
Shephuphan is a less commonly mentioned figure in the Bible, and his name appears in the genealogical records of the tribe of Benjamin. The name Shephuphan is sometimes associated with the name Shuppim, which appears in other genealogical lists (1 Chronicles 7:12, 15). This connection suggests the possibility of variations in the transcription of names over time. The presence of Shephuphan in the genealogy emphasizes the detailed record-keeping of the Israelites and their commitment to preserving family histories. It also reflects the broader biblical theme of God's faithfulness to His people through generations.

Huram
Huram, also known as Hiram in some biblical texts, is a name that appears in various contexts in the Bible. In the context of 1 Chronicles 8:5, Huram is listed as a descendant of Benjamin. However, the name is more famously associated with Hiram, the king of Tyre, who provided materials and craftsmen for the construction of Solomon's Temple (1 Kings 5:1-12). This connection highlights the importance of alliances and cooperation between Israel and neighboring nations during the united monarchy. The name Huram means "noble" or "exalted," which may reflect the esteemed status of individuals bearing this name in biblical narratives.

These were the descendants of Ehud
Ehud is a name associated with a judge from the Book of Judges (Judges 3:15-30), known for delivering Israel from Moabite oppression. However, the Ehud mentioned here is likely a different individual, as the genealogies in Chronicles often refer to lesser-known figures. This highlights the importance of family lineage and heritage in Israelite society, emphasizing the continuity of God's people through generations.

who were the heads of the families
In ancient Israel, family heads held significant authority and responsibility. They were leaders within their tribes and clans, responsible for maintaining order, justice, and religious practices. This structure reflects the patriarchal nature of Israelite society, where lineage and inheritance were crucial for maintaining tribal identity and land ownership.

living in Geba
Geba was a town in the territory of Benjamin, located north of Jerusalem. It served as a strategic military location and was one of the Levitical cities (Joshua 21:17). Its mention here indicates the geographical distribution of the Benjamite tribe and their settlements. Geba's proximity to Jerusalem also suggests its importance in the defense and religious life of the nation.

and were exiled to Manahath
The exile to Manahath suggests a forced relocation, possibly due to political or military pressures. Manahath's exact location is uncertain, but it is believed to be in the region of Judah. This movement of people reflects the turbulent history of the tribes of Israel, often affected by external threats and internal conflicts. The exile theme resonates with the broader biblical narrative of displacement and return, seen in the Babylonian exile and the eventual restoration of Israel.

Naaman, Ahijah, and Gera
These names are part of the genealogy of the tribe of Benjamin, which is significant in Israel's history. Naaman and Ahijah are not widely mentioned elsewhere, but Gera is noted as an ancestor of Ehud, the judge who delivered Israel from Moabite oppression (Judges 3:15). This connection highlights the ongoing influence of Benjamin's descendants in Israel's leadership and deliverance narratives.

who carried them into exile
This phrase suggests a forced relocation, possibly during a time of conflict or conquest. The context of exile in the Old Testament often refers to the Babylonian captivity, but this specific reference may indicate a smaller, localized event. Exile was a common consequence of war in the ancient Near East, often resulting in the displacement of populations to weaken resistance and assimilate conquered peoples.

and who was the father of Uzza and Ahihud
Uzza and Ahihud are lesser-known figures, but their mention here serves to continue the genealogical record of Benjamin. Genealogies in the Bible often emphasize the continuity of God's promises through specific lineages. The inclusion of these names underscores the importance of family heritage and the fulfillment of divine purposes through successive generations.

Shaharaim had sons in the country of Moab
Shaharaim is a lesser-known figure in the genealogies of the tribe of Benjamin. The mention of Moab is significant, as Moab was a neighboring nation east of the Dead Sea, often in conflict with Israel. The Moabites descended from Lot, Abraham's nephew, and were generally seen as outsiders to the covenant community of Israel. This phrase indicates that Shaharaim had a connection with Moab, possibly through marriage or residence, which was not uncommon given the intermingling of peoples in the region. The presence of his sons in Moab suggests a blending of cultures and possibly a strategic alliance or refuge during a time of conflict.

after he had divorced his wives Hushim and Baara
Divorce in ancient Israelite culture was permitted under certain circumstances, though it was not encouraged. The mention of Shaharaim divorcing his wives, Hushim and Baara, is notable because it reflects personal and familial dynamics that were part of the broader social and legal practices of the time. Hushim and Baara are not widely known figures, and their mention here may indicate their significance in Shaharaim's life or the narrative of his descendants. The act of divorce and subsequent relocation to Moab could suggest a period of personal upheaval or a strategic decision to start anew in a different land. This phrase also highlights the patriarchal nature of the society, where men's decisions significantly impacted the lives of their families.

His sons by his wife Hodesh:
This phrase introduces the offspring of Shaharaim, a Benjamite, by his wife Hodesh. The mention of Hodesh, which means "new moon" or "month" in Hebrew, may indicate a time of renewal or a new beginning in Shaharaim's life. The genealogical records in 1 Chronicles often emphasize the importance of lineage and heritage in Israelite society, reflecting the cultural and religious significance of family and tribal connections.

Jobab:
Jobab is a name that appears several times in the Old Testament, often associated with leaders or kings. The name means "howler" or "shouter," which could imply a person of prominence or influence. In the context of genealogies, Jobab's inclusion highlights the continuation of the Benjamite line, which is significant given the tribe's role in Israel's history, including the first king of Israel, Saul, who was a Benjamite.

Zibia:
Zibia, meaning "roe" or "gazelle," is a name that suggests beauty or swiftness. The use of animal imagery in names was common in ancient cultures, often reflecting desirable traits or characteristics. Zibia's mention in the genealogy underscores the diversity and richness of the Benjamite lineage.

Mesha:
Mesha, meaning "salvation" or "deliverance," is a name that carries theological significance. It reflects the hope and expectation of divine intervention and deliverance, themes prevalent throughout the Old Testament. The name Mesha also appears in other biblical contexts, such as the Moabite king in 2 Kings 3, highlighting the interconnectedness of biblical narratives.

Malcam:
Malcam, meaning "their king" or "king," is a name that denotes leadership and authority. It may also be a variant of Milcom, the god of the Ammonites, though in this context, it likely emphasizes the royal or noble aspirations within the Benjamite tribe. The name Malcam serves as a reminder of the tribe's potential for leadership and influence within the broader narrative of Israel's history.

Jeuz, Sachia, and Mirmah.
These names are part of the genealogical record of the tribe of Benjamin, which is significant in the context of Israel's history. The tribe of Benjamin held a unique position among the tribes of Israel, being the smallest tribe but producing significant figures such as King Saul and the Apostle Paul. The mention of these names highlights the importance of family lineage and heritage in Israelite society. The names themselves, while not widely known elsewhere in Scripture, contribute to the detailed genealogical records that were crucial for maintaining tribal identity and inheritance rights.

These were his sons,
This phrase indicates the direct lineage from a father, emphasizing the patriarchal structure of ancient Israelite society. Lineage was crucial for determining inheritance, tribal affiliation, and fulfilling God's promises to the patriarchs. The genealogies in Chronicles serve to connect the post-exilic community to their ancestral roots, reinforcing their identity as God's chosen people. This connection to ancestry was vital for the Israelites, especially after the Babylonian exile, as they sought to reestablish their cultural and religious identity.

heads of families.
Being a "head of a family" or "chief" signifies a position of leadership and responsibility within the clan or tribe. In ancient Israel, family heads were responsible for the welfare, spiritual guidance, and legal matters of their family members. This role was crucial for maintaining order and continuity within the tribe. The mention of these individuals as heads of families underscores the importance of leadership and governance in maintaining the social and religious fabric of Israelite society. It also reflects the broader biblical theme of God working through families and leaders to accomplish His purposes, as seen throughout the narratives of the Old Testament.

He also had sons by Hushim:
This phrase refers to the genealogy of Benjamin, one of the twelve tribes of Israel. Hushim is mentioned as the wife of Shaharaim, a descendant of Benjamin. The genealogies in 1 Chronicles serve to establish the lineage and heritage of the tribes of Israel, emphasizing the importance of family and tribal connections in Israelite society. The mention of Hushim highlights the role of women in the continuation of family lines, even though they are less frequently named in genealogies. This reflects the patriarchal structure of ancient Israelite culture, where lineage was typically traced through the male line.

Abitub and Elpaal.
Abitub and Elpaal are listed as sons of Shaharaim and Hushim. The naming of these sons contributes to the chronicler's purpose of documenting the descendants of Benjamin, which is crucial for understanding the tribal allocations and inheritances in Israel. The names themselves, like many in the Bible, may carry meanings that reflect the character or hopes of the parents. Abitub could be interpreted as "father of goodness," while Elpaal might mean "God has made." These names reflect the theocentric worldview of the Israelites, where names often acknowledged God's role in their lives. The genealogical records in Chronicles also serve to connect the post-exilic community to their ancestral roots, reinforcing their identity and continuity as God's chosen people.

The sons of Elpaal:
Elpaal is a descendant of Benjamin, one of the twelve tribes of Israel. The genealogy in 1 Chronicles 8 highlights the lineage of Benjamin, emphasizing the importance of this tribe in Israel's history. The Benjamites were known for their warrior skills and played a significant role in the early monarchy of Israel, particularly during the reign of King Saul, who was also from the tribe of Benjamin.

Eber, Misham, Shemed:
These names are part of the genealogical record, which serves to establish the historical and familial connections within the tribe of Benjamin. Eber, Misham, and Shemed are not widely mentioned elsewhere in the Bible, indicating that they may not have been prominent figures in biblical narratives. However, their inclusion underscores the importance of family lineage and heritage in Israelite society.

(who built Ono and Lod with its villages):
Ono and Lod are towns located in the region of Benjamin. Ono is mentioned in Nehemiah 6:2 as a place where Nehemiah was invited to meet with his adversaries, indicating its continued significance during the post-exilic period. Lod, known in the New Testament as Lydda, is referenced in Acts 9:32-35, where Peter heals a paralytic, demonstrating its ongoing importance in biblical history. The construction of these towns and their villages by Shemed suggests a period of expansion and settlement, reflecting the growth and establishment of the tribe of Benjamin in the land of Israel. This development also highlights the fulfillment of God's promise to give the Israelites a land of their own, as seen in the broader narrative of the Old Testament.

and Beriah and Shema
Beriah and Shema are mentioned as significant figures within the genealogical records of the tribe of Benjamin. The inclusion of their names highlights their importance in the lineage and history of Israel. The name Beriah means "in trouble" or "misfortune," which may reflect the circumstances of his birth or life. Shema, meaning "hear" or "obey," is a name that appears multiple times in the Old Testament, indicating a common name with significant meaning. These individuals are noted for their leadership roles, suggesting they were influential in their community.

(who were the heads of families living in Aijalon
Aijalon is a city located in the territory of the tribe of Dan, although it was also associated with Benjamin. It is strategically situated in a valley that served as a key route for travel and trade. The mention of Beriah and Shema as heads of families in Aijalon indicates their leadership and possibly their role in maintaining the security and prosperity of the area. Aijalon is historically significant as the site of a miraculous event during Joshua's battle against the Amorites, where the sun stood still (Joshua 10:12-14). This connection underscores the city's importance in Israel's history.

and who drove out the inhabitants of Gath)
Gath was one of the five major Philistine cities and is often associated with conflict against Israel. The act of driving out the inhabitants of Gath suggests a military victory or a successful campaign led by Beriah and Shema. This action would have been significant in securing the region for the Israelites and demonstrates the ongoing struggle between Israel and the Philistines. Gath is famously known as the hometown of Goliath, the giant defeated by David (1 Samuel 17). The expulsion of its inhabitants by leaders from Benjamin reflects the broader narrative of Israel's battles against the Philistines and God's deliverance of His people.

Ahio
Ahio is mentioned as one of the descendants of Benjamin, a son of Jacob, and is part of the genealogical record in 1 Chronicles 8. The name Ahio means "brotherly" or "his brother," which reflects the importance of family and kinship in ancient Israelite culture. Ahio is also mentioned in other parts of the Bible, such as in 2 Samuel 6:3-4, where he is involved in transporting the Ark of the Covenant. This connection highlights the significance of the Benjamite lineage in the religious and national history of Israel.

Shashak
Shashak is another descendant of Benjamin listed in this genealogical account. The name Shashak is less common in the biblical text, and not much is known about him outside of this context. The inclusion of Shashak in the genealogy underscores the chronicler's intent to provide a comprehensive record of the Benjamite lineage, emphasizing the tribe's role in the broader narrative of Israel. This meticulous recording of names serves to preserve the heritage and identity of the tribes of Israel, which was crucial for maintaining the covenant community.

Jeremoth
Jeremoth is also listed among the descendants of Benjamin. The name Jeremoth appears several times in the Old Testament, associated with different individuals, which can sometimes lead to confusion. In this context, Jeremoth is part of the genealogical record, contributing to the chronicler's goal of documenting the lineage of the tribe of Benjamin. The repetition of names like Jeremoth in various genealogies highlights the commonality of certain names and the importance of distinguishing individuals through their familial connections. This practice reflects the cultural emphasis on ancestry and the continuity of family lines in ancient Israel.

Zebadiah
Zebadiah is a name that appears multiple times throughout the Old Testament, often associated with individuals from the tribe of Benjamin, as is the case in 1 Chronicles 8. The name means "Yahweh has bestowed" or "Yahweh's gift," reflecting a common practice of naming children in a way that acknowledges God's provision or blessing. Zebadiah's inclusion in the genealogies of 1 Chronicles highlights the importance of lineage and heritage in Israelite culture, emphasizing the continuity of God's people through generations. This name also appears in other contexts, such as in the lists of those who returned from exile (Ezra 8:8), indicating the enduring legacy of certain families within Israel.

Arad
Arad is a name that can refer to both a person and a location in the Bible. In the context of 1 Chronicles 8, Arad is listed as a descendant of Benjamin, contributing to the genealogical record of this tribe. The name Arad means "wild donkey," which may symbolize strength and independence. Geographically, Arad is also a city located in the Negev desert, south of Hebron. This city is mentioned in the context of Israel's wilderness wanderings (Numbers 21:1) and was known for its Canaanite inhabitants who opposed Israel. The dual reference to both a person and a place named Arad underscores the interconnectedness of personal and geographical identities in biblical narratives.

Eder
Eder, meaning "flock" or "herd," is another name found in the genealogical records of the tribe of Benjamin. The name suggests a pastoral or agrarian lifestyle, which was common among the tribes of Israel. Eder is also the name of a location mentioned in Joshua 15:21, situated in the southern part of Judah's territory. This dual usage of the name for both a person and a place reflects the biblical tradition of naming individuals after significant locations or characteristics. The inclusion of Eder in the genealogies serves to preserve the memory of these individuals and their contributions to the history and identity of the Israelite people.

Michael, Ishpah, and Joha
These names are part of a genealogical record, which is significant in the context of 1 Chronicles as it traces the lineage of the tribes of Israel. Michael, Ishpah, and Joha are listed as sons of Beriah, indicating their place within the tribe of Benjamin. The name Michael means "Who is like God?" and is a common name in the Bible, often associated with strength and leadership. Ishpah and Joha are less common, but their inclusion highlights the importance of every family line in the chronicling of Israel's history. This genealogical detail underscores the meticulous nature of the Chronicler in preserving the heritage and identity of the tribes.

were the sons of Beriah
Beriah is a descendant of Benjamin, one of the twelve sons of Jacob, and thus part of the tribe of Benjamin. The name Beriah means "in trouble" or "a gift," which may reflect the circumstances of his birth or life. The tribe of Benjamin held a significant role in Israel's history, being the tribe of King Saul, the first king of Israel. This lineage is crucial for understanding the political and social dynamics of the time, as the tribe of Benjamin was known for its warriors and played a pivotal role in the early monarchy of Israel. The Chronicler's emphasis on genealogy serves to affirm the continuity of God's promises to His people through the preservation of their tribal identities.

Zebadiah
Zebadiah is a name that appears multiple times in the Old Testament, often associated with individuals from the tribe of Benjamin. The name means "Yahweh has bestowed" or "Yahweh's gift," reflecting a common practice of naming children in a way that acknowledges God's provision. In the context of 1 Chronicles 8, Zebadiah is listed among the descendants of Benjamin, highlighting the tribe's importance in Israel's history. The tribe of Benjamin was known for its warriors and played a significant role in the early monarchy of Israel, with King Saul being a notable Benjamite.

Meshullam
Meshullam is another name frequently found in the genealogies of the Old Testament. It means "friend" or "ally," suggesting a person of trust and loyalty. In the Chronicles, Meshullam is often associated with the rebuilding efforts during the post-exilic period, particularly in the book of Nehemiah. This connection underscores the theme of restoration and faithfulness to God's covenant, as the Israelites sought to reestablish their identity and worship in Jerusalem after the Babylonian exile.

Hizki
Hizki, a less common name, is derived from the root meaning "strong" or "mighty." This name may reflect the character or aspirations of the individual or family. In the genealogical context, it serves to emphasize the strength and resilience of the tribe of Benjamin. The Benjamites were known for their valor and strategic importance, often serving as a buffer between the northern and southern tribes of Israel. This strength is a recurring theme in the narratives involving Benjamin, from the time of the Judges to the establishment of the monarchy.

Heber
Heber is a name that appears in various genealogies, including those of the tribes of Asher and Judah. The name means "comrade" or "associate," indicating a sense of community and partnership. In the broader biblical narrative, Heber the Kenite is noted for his alliance with Israel during the time of Deborah and Barak, as recorded in the book of Judges. This highlights the importance of alliances and relationships in the survival and success of the Israelite tribes. In the context of 1 Chronicles 8, Heber's inclusion in the genealogy of Benjamin may suggest a historical or familial connection that reinforced tribal unity and identity.

Ishmerai, Izliah, and Jobab
These names are part of a genealogical record, which is significant in the context of 1 Chronicles as it traces the lineage of the tribes of Israel. Genealogies were crucial for establishing tribal identity and inheritance rights. The mention of these individuals highlights the importance of family lineage in maintaining the continuity of God's covenant with Israel. The names themselves, while not widely known elsewhere in Scripture, contribute to the broader tapestry of Israel's history. The name "Jobab" appears in other genealogies, suggesting a commonality or recurrence of certain names within the tribes.

were the sons of Elpaal.
Elpaal is a descendant of Benjamin, one of the twelve tribes of Israel. The tribe of Benjamin held a significant position in Israel's history, being the tribe of King Saul, the first king of Israel. This connection to Benjamin underscores the importance of the tribe in the narrative of Israel's monarchy and its role in the unfolding of God's plan for His people. The genealogical record serves to affirm the historical and covenantal continuity from the patriarchs to the monarchy and beyond.

Jakim
Jakim is listed among the descendants of Benjamin, one of the twelve tribes of Israel. The name Jakim means "He will establish," which reflects a common theme in biblical names where the character or destiny of a person is often encapsulated in their name. This name may suggest a role or hope for stability and establishment within the tribe. The tribe of Benjamin held a significant position in Israel's history, being the tribe of King Saul, the first king of Israel. Jakim's inclusion in this genealogy underscores the importance of lineage and heritage in maintaining the identity and continuity of the Israelite people.

Zichri
Zichri is another descendant of Benjamin, and his name means "memorable" or "renowned." This name appears multiple times in the Old Testament, indicating it was a common name among the Israelites. The repetition of this name in various genealogies and narratives highlights the importance of remembrance and legacy in the biblical tradition. Zichri's presence in this list may also serve to connect the reader to other notable figures with the same name, emphasizing the interconnectedness of Israel's history and the shared identity among its people.

Zabdi
Zabdi, meaning "gift of Yahweh," is a name that reflects the deep spiritual connection and gratitude the Israelites felt towards God. Names like Zabdi often signify a recognition of divine providence and blessing. In the broader biblical narrative, individuals with names that include references to God often play roles that highlight God's interaction with His people. The inclusion of Zabdi in this genealogy serves as a reminder of the divine gifts and blessings bestowed upon the tribe of Benjamin and, by extension, the nation of Israel. This name also connects to the theme of God's faithfulness and generosity throughout the biblical story.

Elienai
Elienai is a name listed among the descendants of Benjamin, one of the twelve tribes of Israel. The name Elienai means "My eyes are toward God" or "God is my eyes," reflecting a common practice in ancient Israel of naming children with theophoric elements, which are names that include a reference to God. This practice underscores the cultural and religious emphasis on divine providence and guidance. The tribe of Benjamin held significant importance in Israel's history, being the tribe of King Saul, the first king of Israel, and later, the Apostle Paul. The mention of Elienai in this genealogical record highlights the continuity of the Benjamite lineage and its role in the broader narrative of Israel's history.

Zillethai
Zillethai is another name in the genealogy of Benjamin, and like many biblical names, it carries a meaning that reflects the cultural and religious values of the time. The name Zillethai can be interpreted as "My shadow is Yahweh" or "Yahweh is my protection," indicating a reliance on God's protection and presence. This reflects the ancient Israelite belief in God's active role in the lives of His people. The inclusion of Zillethai in the genealogical record serves to preserve the heritage and identity of the Benjamite tribe, which played a crucial role in the formation of the Israelite kingdom and its subsequent history.

Eliel
Eliel is a name that appears multiple times in the Old Testament, often associated with individuals of significance within the tribes of Israel. The name means "My God is God," emphasizing the monotheistic faith central to Israelite identity. In the context of 1 Chronicles 8, Eliel is part of the genealogical record of Benjamin, underscoring the importance of maintaining tribal and familial lines. This genealogical listing serves not only as a historical record but also as a theological statement about the faithfulness of God to His covenant people. The repetition of such names throughout the biblical narrative highlights the enduring legacy of faith and the continuity of God's promises to Israel.

Adaiah
Adaiah is a name that appears multiple times in the Old Testament, often associated with the tribe of Benjamin. The name means "Yahweh has adorned" or "Yahweh has made." This reflects the common practice of naming children with theophoric elements, indicating a connection to God. Adaiah's inclusion in the genealogy highlights the importance of family lineage in Israelite culture, emphasizing the continuity of God's covenant with His people.

Beraiah
Beraiah is a less common name in the Bible, meaning "Yahweh has created." The use of such names underscores the belief in God's active role in creation and life. Beraiah's mention in the genealogical record serves to establish the historical and familial context of the tribe of Benjamin, which played a significant role in Israel's history, including the establishment of the monarchy under King Saul.

and Shimrath
Shimrath is another name listed among the descendants of Benjamin. The name itself is not widely referenced elsewhere, but its inclusion here contributes to the detailed genealogical records that were crucial for maintaining tribal identity and inheritance rights. This reflects the broader biblical theme of God's faithfulness to His promises through specific family lines.

were the sons of Shimei
Shimei is a name that appears in various contexts in the Bible, often associated with the tribe of Benjamin. The genealogical listing of Shimei's sons, including Adaiah, Beraiah, and Shimrath, serves to trace the lineage and heritage of the Benjaminites. This is significant in understanding the historical and tribal dynamics of Israel, as the tribe of Benjamin was known for its warriors and played a pivotal role in the early monarchy. The genealogies in Chronicles often emphasize the restoration and continuity of Israel's identity post-exile, pointing to God's ongoing covenant relationship with His people.

Ishpan
Ishpan is listed among the descendants of Benjamin, one of the twelve tribes of Israel. The tribe of Benjamin held a significant position in Israel's history, being the tribe of King Saul, the first king of Israel. The name Ishpan itself is not widely mentioned elsewhere in the Bible, which suggests that he may not have been a prominent figure in biblical narratives. However, his inclusion in the genealogical records underscores the importance of family lineage and heritage in Israelite culture. Genealogies served to establish identity, inheritance rights, and tribal affiliations, which were crucial for maintaining the social and religious structure of the Israelite community.

Eber
Eber is a name that appears multiple times in biblical genealogies, most notably as an ancestor of Abraham in the line of Shem, one of Noah's sons. The name Eber is significant because it is associated with the term "Hebrew," which is used to describe the descendants of Abraham. This connection highlights the continuity of God's covenant promises through specific family lines. In the context of 1 Chronicles 8, Eber is a descendant of Benjamin, emphasizing the tribe's integration into the broader narrative of Israel's history. The genealogical record serves to affirm the tribe's role in the unfolding of God's redemptive plan.

Eliel
Eliel is another name found in the genealogical records of the tribe of Benjamin. The name means "My God is God," reflecting the theocentric nature of Israelite names and their emphasis on the relationship with God. Eliel's inclusion in the genealogy underscores the importance of individual members within the tribe, each contributing to the collective identity and mission of Israel. While Eliel may not be a prominent figure in biblical stories, his presence in the genealogy serves as a reminder of the faithfulness of God to all members of His covenant people, regardless of their individual renown. The genealogical records in Chronicles often highlight the continuity of God's promises and the faithfulness of His people across generations.

Abdon
Abdon is listed among the descendants of Benjamin, one of the twelve tribes of Israel. The name Abdon means "servant" or "service," which reflects a common theme in biblical names that often denote character or destiny. In the broader context of 1 Chronicles, genealogies serve to establish the historical and covenantal continuity of Israel. Abdon's inclusion highlights the importance of each family line in the unfolding narrative of God's people. The tribe of Benjamin, to which Abdon belongs, is significant in Israel's history, producing notable figures such as King Saul and the Apostle Paul.

Zichri
Zichri is another descendant of Benjamin, and his name means "memorable" or "renowned." The repetition of this name in various genealogies throughout the Old Testament suggests its commonality and importance. Zichri is mentioned in several contexts, including as a warrior in King David's army (1 Chronicles 12:10) and as a Levite during King Hezekiah's reign (2 Chronicles 29:13). This highlights the diverse roles individuals with this name played in Israel's history, from military to religious service, underscoring the multifaceted contributions of the tribe of Benjamin.

Hanan
Hanan, meaning "gracious" or "merciful," is another name found in the genealogical records of Benjamin. The name reflects a characteristic often attributed to God, emphasizing the divine qualities that the Israelites valued. Hanan appears in various contexts in the Bible, including as a leader among the Levites (Nehemiah 8:7) and as a signatory of the covenant in Nehemiah 10:10. This suggests a legacy of leadership and covenant faithfulness associated with the name. The inclusion of Hanan in the genealogy serves as a reminder of the enduring nature of God's grace and mercy throughout Israel's history.

Hananiah
The name Hananiah means "Yahweh is gracious." This name is common in the Old Testament, appearing in various genealogies and narratives. Hananiah is a reminder of God's grace and favor, a theme prevalent throughout the Bible. In the context of 1 Chronicles 8, Hananiah is listed among the descendants of Benjamin, highlighting the tribe's significance in Israel's history. The name also appears in the book of Daniel, where Hananiah, also known as Shadrach, is one of the faithful companions of Daniel who remains steadfast in his faith despite persecution. This connection underscores the theme of faithfulness to God.

Elam
Elam is both a personal name and a geographical location in the Bible. As a name, Elam means "eternity" or "hidden." In the genealogical context of 1 Chronicles 8, Elam is a descendant of Benjamin, indicating the continuity and preservation of the tribe. Geographically, Elam was an ancient civilization located east of Mesopotamia, often mentioned in the context of prophecy and judgment (e.g., Isaiah 11:11, Jeremiah 49:34-39). The dual use of the name may symbolize the far-reaching influence and connections of the Israelite tribes.

Anthothijah
Anthothijah is a name that appears only in this genealogical list, and its meaning is not entirely clear, though it may be related to the town of Anathoth. Anathoth was a Levitical city in the territory of Benjamin, known as the hometown of the prophet Jeremiah (Jeremiah 1:1). The mention of Anthothijah may suggest a connection to the priestly or prophetic tradition within the tribe of Benjamin. This connection highlights the spiritual heritage and responsibilities of the tribe, as well as the importance of maintaining a lineage that honors God's covenant.

Iphdeiah
Iphdeiah is a name that appears in the genealogical records of the tribe of Benjamin. The name itself means "Yahweh will redeem" or "Yahweh redeems," which reflects a common theme in Hebrew names that emphasize God's redemptive power. This name is not widely mentioned elsewhere in the Bible, indicating that Iphdeiah may not have been a prominent figure in biblical narratives. However, the inclusion of his name in the genealogies underscores the importance of each individual in the lineage of Israel, highlighting the value placed on family heritage and continuity within the tribes.

and Penuel
Penuel, meaning "face of God," is a name that carries significant biblical resonance. It is reminiscent of the place where Jacob wrestled with God and saw Him face to face, as recorded in Genesis 32:30. This connection may suggest a spiritual heritage or aspiration within the family line. The name Penuel also appears in other contexts, such as a city in the territory of Gad, which was fortified by Jeroboam (1 Kings 12:25). The recurrence of this name in various forms throughout the Bible indicates its cultural and spiritual significance.

were the sons of Shashak
Shashak is listed as a descendant of Benjamin, one of the twelve tribes of Israel. The genealogies in 1 Chronicles serve to establish the historical and familial context of the tribes, particularly after the Babylonian exile when re-establishing identity was crucial. The mention of Shashak and his sons, including Iphdeiah and Penuel, contributes to the broader narrative of the tribe of Benjamin's restoration and continuity. This lineage emphasizes the fulfillment of God's promises to the patriarchs regarding the multiplication and endurance of their descendants. The genealogical records also serve to connect the post-exilic community with their ancestral past, reinforcing their identity as God's chosen people.

Shamsherai
Shamsherai is listed among the descendants of Benjamin, one of the twelve tribes of Israel. The name Shamsherai is not widely mentioned elsewhere in the Bible, which suggests that he may not have been a prominent figure in biblical narratives. However, the inclusion of his name in the genealogies underscores the importance of family lineage and heritage in Israelite culture. Genealogies served to establish tribal identity and inheritance rights, which were crucial in maintaining the social and religious structure of ancient Israel.

Shehariah
Shehariah, like Shamsherai, is part of the genealogical record of the tribe of Benjamin. The name Shehariah means "dawn" or "morning," which could symbolize hope or new beginnings. This is significant in the context of the post-exilic period when Chronicles was likely compiled, as the Israelites were re-establishing their identity and heritage after returning from Babylonian exile. The genealogies in Chronicles often emphasize continuity and the fulfillment of God's promises to His people, highlighting the faithfulness of God throughout generations.

Athaliah
Athaliah is a name that appears in various contexts in the Bible, most notably as the name of a queen who ruled Judah and attempted to exterminate the royal line of David (2 Kings 11). However, the Athaliah mentioned in 1 Chronicles 8:26 is a different individual, a descendant of Benjamin. The repetition of names in biblical genealogies can sometimes lead to confusion, but it also reflects the common practice of naming children after ancestors or notable figures. This practice helped preserve family history and honor past generations. The inclusion of Athaliah in the genealogy of Benjamin highlights the interconnectedness of the tribes of Israel and the shared heritage of God's chosen people.

Jaareshiah, Elijah, and Zichri
These names are part of the genealogical record of the tribe of Benjamin. Genealogies in the Bible often serve to establish the historical and covenantal continuity of God's people. Jaareshiah, Elijah, and Zichri are not widely mentioned elsewhere in Scripture, which highlights the importance of every individual in God's plan, even if they are not prominent figures. The name Elijah, meaning "My God is Yahweh," is shared with the more famous prophet Elijah, suggesting a common cultural or religious significance attached to the name.

were the sons of Jeroham.
Jeroham is a name that appears multiple times in the Old Testament, often associated with the tribe of Benjamin. This particular Jeroham is part of the lineage that traces the descendants of Benjamin, one of the twelve sons of Jacob. The genealogical records in 1 Chronicles emphasize the restoration and continuity of Israel's tribes after the Babylonian exile, underscoring God's faithfulness to His covenant people. The mention of Jeroham and his sons serves to affirm the identity and heritage of the Benjaminites within the broader narrative of Israel's history.

All these were heads of families
This phrase indicates the importance of family leadership in ancient Israelite society. The term "heads of families" refers to the patriarchal structure where the eldest male typically held authority over the extended family. This structure is seen throughout the Old Testament, emphasizing the role of family heads in maintaining lineage and heritage, as seen in Genesis 10 with the Table of Nations. The heads of families were responsible for the spiritual and social welfare of their households, a role that is echoed in the New Testament with the leadership responsibilities of elders and deacons in the church (1 Timothy 3:4-5).

the chiefs according to their genealogies
Genealogies were crucial in Israel for establishing identity, inheritance rights, and tribal affiliation. The mention of "chiefs" highlights their leadership roles within their tribes and clans. Genealogies served as a record of God's covenant faithfulness, tracing the lineage from Adam through the patriarchs to the tribes of Israel. This is evident in the genealogies of Jesus in Matthew 1 and Luke 3, which affirm His rightful place in the line of David and Abraham, fulfilling Old Testament prophecies about the Messiah's lineage (2 Samuel 7:12-16).

and they lived in Jerusalem
Jerusalem holds significant historical and theological importance as the political and spiritual center of Israel. It was the city chosen by God for His temple, as seen in 2 Chronicles 6:6, and became the capital under King David. Living in Jerusalem signified a place of privilege and responsibility, as it was the heart of worship and governance. The city's centrality is further emphasized in prophecies concerning the New Jerusalem in Revelation 21, symbolizing God's eternal dwelling with His people. The presence of these family heads in Jerusalem underscores their role in maintaining the city's religious and cultural heritage.

Jeiel the father of Gibeon
Jeiel is identified as the patriarch of Gibeon, a significant city in the territory of Benjamin. This highlights his importance in the genealogical record of the tribe. Gibeon was a prominent city, known for its strategic location and its role in various biblical events, such as the Gibeonite deception in Joshua 9. Jeiel's mention here underscores the continuity of Israel's tribal heritage and the importance of family lineage in maintaining tribal identity.

lived in Gibeon
Gibeon was located northwest of Jerusalem and played a crucial role in Israel's history. It was a Levitical city and a city of refuge, indicating its religious and judicial significance. The city's location made it a key site for trade and military strategy. Archaeological findings, such as the large water system, attest to its historical importance. The mention of Jeiel living in Gibeon emphasizes the rootedness of his family in this influential city.

His wife’s name was Maacah
Maacah is a name that appears several times in the Old Testament, often associated with royal or noble families. The inclusion of her name in the genealogy suggests her significance, possibly indicating her own noble lineage or her role in the family's status. In biblical genealogies, the mention of a wife often highlights her importance in the continuation of the family line or her influence within the family. This reflects the cultural context where family alliances and heritage were crucial for social and political standing.

and Abdon was his firstborn son
Abdon, as the firstborn, held a position of prominence in the family lineage. In ancient Israelite culture, the firstborn son often received a double portion of the inheritance and carried on the family name and responsibilities. The name Abdon means "servant" or "worshiper," which may reflect the family's devotion to God. This lineage is part of the genealogy of Benjamin, one of the twelve tribes of Israel, emphasizing the importance of maintaining tribal and familial records.

then Zur
Zur is a name that appears in various contexts in the Old Testament, often associated with nobility or leadership. The name means "rock" or "stone," symbolizing strength and stability. In the context of genealogies, it highlights the continuity and resilience of the family line. The mention of Zur in this genealogy underscores the importance of each family member in the broader narrative of Israel's history.

Kish
Kish is a significant name in the biblical narrative, as he is the father of King Saul, the first king of Israel. This connection to Saul provides historical context, linking the genealogy to the monarchy and the transition from tribal confederation to centralized leadership. Kish's inclusion in the genealogy emphasizes the divine orchestration of Israel's leadership and the fulfillment of God's plans through specific family lines.

Baal
The name Baal, meaning "lord" or "master," is often associated with Canaanite deities, which Israel was commanded to avoid. However, in this context, it is simply a personal name, reflecting the common practice of using names that might have broader cultural or religious connotations. This highlights the complexity of cultural interactions in ancient Israel and the need for discernment in understanding biblical names and their implications.

Nadab
Nadab, meaning "generous" or "noble," is a name that appears elsewhere in the Bible, notably as the son of Aaron, who served as a priest. While this Nadab is not the same individual, the repetition of the name suggests a cultural appreciation for certain virtues. The inclusion of Nadab in the genealogy serves as a reminder of the diverse roles and contributions of individuals within the family and the broader community of Israel.

Gedor
Gedor is a name that appears multiple times in the Old Testament, often associated with a city in the territory of Judah (Joshua 15:58). It is also mentioned as a descendant of Benjamin in this context. The name Gedor means "wall" or "enclosure," which may symbolize protection or strength. The city of Gedor was known for its strategic location and fortifications, which could be a reflection of the character or role of the individual named Gedor in the genealogical record. This name highlights the importance of lineage and heritage in the chronicling of Israel's tribes.

Ahio
Ahio is another name found in the genealogies of the tribe of Benjamin. The name means "brotherly" or "fraternal," suggesting a sense of kinship or community. Ahio is also mentioned in 2 Samuel 6:3-4 as one of the sons of Abinadab who helped transport the Ark of the Covenant. This connection may imply a role of service or responsibility within the community. The inclusion of Ahio in the genealogy underscores the importance of family ties and the continuity of the Benjamite lineage.

Zecher
Zecher, meaning "remembrance" or "memory," is a name that emphasizes the importance of remembering one's heritage and the deeds of the past. This name is less frequently mentioned in the Bible, which may suggest a more obscure or humble role within the tribe of Benjamin. The concept of remembrance is significant in biblical theology, as it often relates to God's covenant with His people and the call to remember His works and commandments. The presence of Zecher in the genealogy serves as a reminder of the enduring legacy and faithfulness of the Benjamite line.

and Mikloth, who was the father of Shimeah.
Mikloth is a descendant of Benjamin, one of the twelve tribes of Israel. The genealogies in 1 Chronicles serve to establish the lineage and heritage of the tribes, emphasizing the continuity of God's covenant with Israel. Mikloth's mention highlights the importance of family lines in maintaining tribal identity. Shimeah, his son, continues this lineage, underscoring the biblical theme of generational faithfulness. This phrase connects to the broader biblical narrative of God's promises being fulfilled through specific family lines, as seen in the genealogies of Jesus in the Gospels.

They too lived alongside their relatives in Jerusalem.
The mention of Jerusalem is significant, as it is the central city for the Israelites, both politically and spiritually. Living in Jerusalem indicates a position of privilege and responsibility, as it was the location of the Temple and the center of Jewish worship. The phrase suggests a close-knit community, reflecting the cultural importance of family and tribal connections in ancient Israel. This communal living is reminiscent of the early Christian church in Acts, where believers lived in unity. The presence of Benjamin's descendants in Jerusalem also fulfills the prophecy of the tribes returning to the city, a theme echoed in the prophetic books concerning the restoration of Israel.

Ner was the father of Kish
Ner is a lesser-known figure in the Bible, but he is significant as the grandfather of Israel's first king, Saul. The genealogy here establishes the lineage of Saul, emphasizing the tribe of Benjamin. This connection to Benjamin is important, as it fulfills the tribal allotments described in earlier texts like Joshua. The name "Ner" means "lamp" or "light," which can symbolize guidance or leadership, fitting for the ancestor of a king.

Kish was the father of Saul
Kish is noted as a man of wealth and standing within the tribe of Benjamin. His lineage is crucial as it sets the stage for Saul's rise to kingship. The mention of Kish highlights the tribal dynamics and the importance of family heritage in Israelite society. Kish's name means "snare" or "trap," which may foreshadow the complexities and challenges Saul would face as king.

Saul was the father of Jonathan
Jonathan is one of the most beloved figures in the Bible, known for his deep friendship with David. This relationship is a powerful example of loyalty and covenantal friendship. Jonathan's character contrasts with Saul's, highlighting themes of faithfulness and integrity. His name means "Yahweh has given," reflecting his role as a gift to both his family and David.

Malchishua
Malchishua is one of Saul's sons who died with him in battle against the Philistines. His name means "my king saves," which is ironic given the tragic end of Saul's reign. This highlights the theme of the fleeting nature of human power and the ultimate sovereignty of God. The death of Malchishua and his brothers marks the end of Saul's dynasty, paving the way for David's kingship.

Abinadab
Abinadab, another son of Saul, also perished in the battle on Mount Gilboa. His name means "my father is noble," which may reflect the noble aspirations of Saul's house. The deaths of Saul's sons serve as a turning point in Israel's history, emphasizing the consequences of Saul's disobedience to God and the transition to Davidic rule.

Esh-baal
Esh-baal, also known as Ish-bosheth, became king of Israel after Saul's death, though his reign was short-lived. His name means "man of Baal," which is later changed to Ish-bosheth, meaning "man of shame," reflecting the biblical tendency to avoid names associated with pagan deities. His brief rule underscores the instability of Saul's lineage and the divine favor shifting to David.

The son of Jonathan:
Jonathan was the son of King Saul, the first king of Israel. He is best known for his deep friendship with David, who would later become king. Jonathan's loyalty to David, despite his father Saul's animosity towards David, is a significant aspect of his character. This phrase highlights the continuation of Jonathan's lineage, which is important in the context of Israel's history and God's covenant promises. Jonathan's legacy is preserved through his descendants, despite the downfall of Saul's house.

Merib-baal,
Merib-baal is another name for Mephibosheth, Jonathan's son. The name "Merib-baal" means "Baal contends" or "Baal is my advocate," reflecting the cultural influence of Canaanite religion during that time. The use of "Baal" in names was common, though later generations would distance themselves from such associations due to Baal's connection with idolatry. Mephibosheth is known for his relationship with King David, who showed him kindness for Jonathan's sake, allowing him to eat at the king's table and restoring his grandfather Saul's land to him. This act of kindness is a reflection of David's covenant loyalty to Jonathan.

and Merib-baal was the father of Micah.
Micah, the son of Merib-baal, continues the lineage of Jonathan. This genealogical detail is significant as it demonstrates the preservation of Saul's line through Jonathan, despite the political and familial turmoil that surrounded Saul's reign and its aftermath. The mention of Micah also serves to connect the narrative of 1 Chronicles with the broader history of Israel, as genealogies were crucial for establishing identity and inheritance rights within the tribes of Israel. This lineage is a testament to God's faithfulness in maintaining the house of Jonathan, even as the Davidic line rose to prominence.

The sons of Micah:
Micah, in this context, is a descendant of Jonathan, the son of King Saul. This lineage is significant as it highlights the continuation of Saul's family line despite his rejection as king. The mention of Micah's sons underscores the importance of genealogies in chronicling the history and legacy of Israel's tribes. Genealogies served not only as records of ancestry but also as a means of establishing identity and inheritance rights within the community.

Pithon:
The name Pithon is unique in the biblical text, and little is known about him outside of this genealogical mention. The inclusion of lesser-known figures like Pithon in the genealogies emphasizes the comprehensive nature of these records, ensuring that even those who may not have played prominent roles in biblical narratives are remembered as part of God's unfolding plan for Israel.

Melech:
Melech, meaning "king" in Hebrew, is a name that reflects the cultural significance of leadership and authority within the Israelite community. While this Melech is not identified with any specific kingly role, the name itself may indicate aspirations or a family heritage of leadership. It also serves as a reminder of the complex relationship between Israel and its monarchy, particularly in the context of Saul's lineage.

Tarea:
Tarea is another figure about whom little is known beyond this genealogical reference. The inclusion of such names highlights the chronicler's intent to preserve the full scope of Israel's history, acknowledging every branch of the family tree. This practice underscores the belief in the value and dignity of every individual within the covenant community, regardless of their prominence in the biblical narrative.

and Ahaz:
Ahaz, not to be confused with the more well-known King Ahaz of Judah, is listed here as a descendant of Micah. The name Ahaz means "he has grasped" or "he has held," which can symbolize strength or possession. This genealogical entry serves as a reminder of the continuity of Saul's line and the broader theme of God's faithfulness to His people, even through the complexities and failures of human leadership. The chronicler's inclusion of Ahaz and his brothers reflects the ongoing story of redemption and the hope for restoration that runs throughout the biblical narrative.

Ahaz was the father of Jehoaddah
Ahaz, mentioned here, is distinct from the more well-known King Ahaz of Judah. This Ahaz is part of the genealogy of Benjamin, highlighting the importance of lineage in Israelite culture. Genealogies served to establish tribal identities and inheritance rights. The name Jehoaddah means "Yahweh has adorned," reflecting the theophoric nature of many Hebrew names, which often included elements of God's name to signify devotion or divine blessing.

Jehoaddah was the father of Alemeth, Azmaveth, and Zimri
Jehoaddah's sons, Alemeth, Azmaveth, and Zimri, continue the genealogical record. Alemeth is also a name associated with a Levitical city in the territory of Benjamin, indicating possible connections to priestly functions or land inheritance. Azmaveth, meaning "strong as death," is a name that appears elsewhere in the Bible, including a warrior in David's army, suggesting a tradition of valor or strength. Zimri, meaning "my music" or "my praise," is a name that appears in various contexts, including a king of Israel, indicating the commonality of certain names across different tribes and periods.

and Zimri was the father of Moza
Zimri's son Moza continues the lineage, with Moza meaning "departure" or "going forth." This name may symbolize a new beginning or transition, which is a recurring theme in biblical genealogies. The continuation of the line through Moza emphasizes the importance of family heritage and the fulfillment of God's promises to the tribes of Israel. This genealogical record, while seemingly mundane, underscores the faithfulness of God in preserving His people and their heritage throughout generations.

Moza was the father of Binea.
Moza is a descendant of Saul, Israel's first king, through his son Jonathan. This lineage highlights the continuation of Saul's family despite his tragic end. Binea, as Moza's son, represents the ongoing legacy and fulfillment of God's promise to preserve a remnant of Saul's line. This genealogy underscores the importance of family heritage in Israelite culture, where lineage often determined one's social and religious standing.

Raphah was his son,
Raphah, also known as Rephaiah in some translations, is part of the genealogical record that traces the descendants of Benjamin, one of the twelve tribes of Israel. The name Raphah means "healed" or "recovered," which may symbolize restoration or continuity within the family line. This connection to the tribe of Benjamin is significant, as Benjamin was the youngest son of Jacob and Rachel, and his descendants played crucial roles in Israel's history.

Eleasah his son,
Eleasah, meaning "God has made," is a name that reflects the theocentric worldview of the Israelites, where names often carried theological significance. This name may indicate a recognition of God's sovereignty and providence in the continuation of the family line. The mention of Eleasah in the genealogy serves to maintain the historical record of Saul's descendants, emphasizing the importance of each generation in the unfolding narrative of Israel.

and Azel his son.
Azel, whose name means "noble" or "reserved," is the final descendant listed in this particular genealogical segment. The inclusion of Azel highlights the meticulous record-keeping of the Israelites, ensuring that each member of the family line is remembered. This attention to detail in genealogies serves to connect the past with the present, providing a sense of identity and continuity for the people of Israel. The genealogical records in Chronicles often serve to remind the Israelites of their heritage and God's faithfulness throughout generations.

Azel had six sons, and these were their names:
Azel is a descendant of King Saul, part of the tribe of Benjamin. The listing of his sons emphasizes the importance of lineage and heritage in Israelite culture. Genealogies in the Bible often serve to establish identity and continuity of God's people, linking past promises to future fulfillment.

Azrikam,
The name Azrikam means "help against the enemy" or "my help has risen." Names in the Bible often reflect character or destiny. Azrikam's name suggests a role of protection or leadership, possibly indicating his family's hope for deliverance or strength through him.

Bocheru,
Bocheru is a less common name, and its meaning is uncertain, though it may relate to "firstborn" or "youth." This could imply a position of prominence or expectation within the family, as firstborn sons often held special status in biblical times.

Ishmael,
Ishmael means "God hears." This name is significant in biblical history, as it recalls the Ishmael of Genesis, Abraham's son by Hagar. The repetition of this name in different contexts highlights God's attentiveness to His people and their prayers.

Sheariah,
Sheariah means "valued by the Lord" or "the Lord is my kinsman." This name underscores the personal relationship between God and His people, reflecting a sense of belonging and divine favor.

Obadiah,
Obadiah means "servant of the Lord." This name is shared by several biblical figures, including a minor prophet. It signifies devotion and service to God, a central theme in the lives of those who follow Him.

and Hanan.
Hanan means "gracious" or "merciful." This name reflects the character of God, who is often described as gracious and merciful throughout Scripture. It may also indicate the family's hope for God's grace upon them.

All these were the sons of Azel.
The repetition of Azel's name and the mention of his sons collectively emphasize the importance of family and legacy. In biblical genealogies, the preservation of family lines is crucial for maintaining the covenant promises God made to His people. This passage connects Azel's family to the broader narrative of Israel's history and God's unfolding plan.

The sons of his brother Eshek:
This phrase refers to the genealogy of the tribe of Benjamin, specifically focusing on the descendants of Eshek. Genealogies in 1 Chronicles serve to establish the historical and tribal lineage of Israel, emphasizing the continuity of God's covenant with His people. Eshek, though not a prominent figure elsewhere in Scripture, is part of the broader narrative that highlights the importance of family lines in maintaining tribal identity and inheritance.

Ulam was his firstborn:
Ulam, as the firstborn, would traditionally hold a place of prominence and responsibility within the family. The firstborn often received a double portion of the inheritance and was expected to lead the family in spiritual and social matters. This reflects the cultural norms of ancient Israel, where birth order played a significant role in family dynamics. Ulam's mention here underscores the importance of maintaining the lineage and the blessings associated with the firstborn status.

Jeush second:
Jeush, the second son, is part of the continuation of Eshek's lineage. While the second son typically did not have the same rights as the firstborn, he still played a crucial role in the family's legacy. The inclusion of Jeush in the genealogy highlights the comprehensive nature of biblical records, ensuring that all members of the family are acknowledged. This reflects the biblical theme of God's attention to detail and care for each individual within His covenant community.

and Eliphelet third:
Eliphelet, the third son, completes the list of Eshek's sons. His name, meaning "God is deliverance," may reflect the faith and hope of his family in God's provision and protection. The mention of Eliphelet, despite being the youngest, indicates the value placed on each member of the family in the biblical narrative. This aligns with the broader scriptural theme that God often uses the least expected individuals to fulfill His purposes, as seen in the stories of David and other biblical figures.

The sons of Ulam were mighty men of valor
This phrase highlights the valor and bravery of Ulam's descendants, a common theme in the genealogies of Israel, emphasizing the importance of strength and courage in the tribal narratives. The term "mighty men of valor" is often used in the Old Testament to describe warriors of great skill and bravery, such as David's mighty men (2 Samuel 23). This valor is not only physical but also spiritual, reflecting a deep trust in God. The emphasis on valor connects to the broader biblical theme of God empowering His people to overcome their enemies.

archers
Archery was a significant military skill in ancient times, and being an archer was a mark of distinction. The Benjamites were known for their skill with the bow, as seen in Judges 20:16, where they are described as left-handed slingers. This skill set them apart as formidable warriors. The use of archery in warfare required precision and discipline, qualities that were highly valued in the military context of ancient Israel.

and they had many sons and grandsons—150 in all
The large number of descendants signifies God's blessing and favor, as numerous offspring were considered a sign of divine blessing and strength (Genesis 22:17). This multiplication of descendants also ensured the continuation and influence of the family line within the tribe of Benjamin. The specific number, 150, underscores the prosperity and growth of Ulam's lineage, reflecting the fulfillment of God's promises to multiply His people.

All these were the descendants of Benjamin
This phrase situates Ulam's family within the tribe of Benjamin, one of the twelve tribes of Israel. The tribe of Benjamin held a unique position in Israel's history, being the tribe of King Saul (1 Samuel 9:1-2) and later the Apostle Paul (Philippians 3:5). The Benjamites were known for their warrior prowess and played a crucial role in the defense and leadership of Israel. This connection to Benjamin highlights the tribe's ongoing legacy and contribution to the nation of Israel.