At the beginning of the reign of Zedekiah son of Josiah king of Judah
Zedekiah, the last king of Judah, reigned from 597 to 586 BC. He was placed on the throne by Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon after the exile of Jehoiachin. Zedekiah was a son of Josiah, a king known for his religious reforms and dedication to the LORD. The beginning of Zedekiah's reign marks a tumultuous period in Judah's history, characterized by political instability and looming Babylonian threat. This context is crucial as it sets the stage for Jeremiah's prophetic ministry, which often warned of impending judgment due to the nation's disobedience.

this word came to Jeremiah from the LORD
Jeremiah, a prophet called by God, served during the final years of Judah before the Babylonian exile. The phrase "this word came" indicates divine revelation, emphasizing that Jeremiah's messages were not his own but were directly from the LORD. This underscores the authority and authenticity of his prophecies. Throughout the book, Jeremiah is portrayed as a reluctant yet faithful messenger, often facing persecution for delivering God's warnings. The phrase also highlights the continuity of God's communication with His people, even in times of rebellion and impending judgment.

This is what the LORD said to me:
This phrase indicates divine communication, emphasizing the prophetic authority of Jeremiah. Throughout the Old Testament, prophets often begin their messages with a declaration of divine origin, underscoring that their words are not their own but from God. This establishes the seriousness and authenticity of the message. In the context of Jeremiah, this is crucial as he often faced opposition and disbelief.

Make for yourself a yoke out of leather straps:
The yoke is a powerful symbol in biblical literature, representing submission and servitude. In ancient agrarian societies, a yoke was used to harness animals for plowing, symbolizing control and direction. Here, it signifies the impending subjugation of Judah and the surrounding nations under Babylonian rule. The use of leather straps suggests durability and strength, indicating the inescapable nature of this subjugation. This act is a prophetic sign, a common method used by prophets to convey God's message visually and tangibly.

and put it on your neck:
By placing the yoke on his own neck, Jeremiah embodies the message, demonstrating the reality of the prophecy. This act of wearing the yoke is a vivid illustration of the burden and oppression that will come upon the people. It serves as a physical manifestation of the spiritual and political reality that Judah will face. This symbolic action is reminiscent of other prophetic acts in the Bible, such as Isaiah walking barefoot and naked (Isaiah 20:2-4) or Ezekiel lying on his side (Ezekiel 4:4-6), which were meant to capture attention and convey a deeper message.

Send word to the kings of Edom, Moab, Ammon, Tyre, and Sidon
This phrase indicates a divine message intended for multiple nations surrounding Judah. Edom, Moab, and Ammon were neighboring nations east of the Jordan River, often in conflict with Israel. Tyre and Sidon were prominent Phoenician cities to the north, known for their trade and wealth. The inclusion of these nations highlights the widespread impact of Babylonian dominance. Historically, these regions had complex relationships with Israel, sometimes allies, other times adversaries. The message signifies God's sovereignty over all nations, not just Israel, and foreshadows the coming judgment through Babylon.

through the envoys who have come to Jerusalem
Envoys or messengers from these nations were present in Jerusalem, likely to discuss political alliances or strategies against the rising Babylonian threat. This setting underscores the political tension of the time, as smaller nations sought to resist Babylon's expansion. The presence of these envoys in Jerusalem suggests a temporary unity among these nations, possibly considering rebellion against Babylon. The use of envoys also reflects the common ancient Near Eastern practice of diplomacy and alliance-building.

to Zedekiah king of Judah
Zedekiah was the last king of Judah, placed on the throne by Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon. His reign was marked by political instability and pressure from both Babylon and internal factions. Zedekiah's position was precarious, as he was caught between loyalty to Babylon and the desire for independence. This message to Zedekiah emphasizes his role as a key figure in the unfolding events and highlights the prophetic warning given to him. The historical context of Zedekiah's reign, leading to the eventual fall of Jerusalem in 586 BC, is crucial for understanding the gravity of Jeremiah's message.

Give them a message from the LORD of Hosts
This phrase emphasizes the authority and power of the message being delivered. The title "LORD of Hosts" refers to God's sovereignty over the armies of heaven and earth, underscoring His supreme command and control. This title is often used in contexts where God's power and authority are being asserted, especially in matters of judgment or deliverance. It reminds the audience that the message is not from Jeremiah himself but from God, who commands all forces in the universe.

the God of Israel
This designation highlights the covenant relationship between God and the nation of Israel. It serves as a reminder of the special bond and promises made to the patriarchs—Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob—and the nation that descended from them. Despite Israel's disobedience, God remains their God, faithful to His covenant. This phrase also distinguishes the God of Israel from the gods of the surrounding nations, asserting His unique identity and authority.

to relay to their masters
This part of the verse indicates the intended recipients of the message—foreign kings and rulers. Jeremiah is instructed to communicate God's message through envoys to these leaders, showing that God's sovereignty extends beyond Israel to all nations. This reflects the biblical theme that God is not only the God of Israel but the God of all creation, who holds all nations accountable. The historical context involves the political dynamics of the time, where Judah and surrounding nations were under threat from Babylon. This message serves as a divine directive to these nations, indicating that their political and military strategies should align with God's will.

By My great power and outstretched arm
This phrase emphasizes God's omnipotence and sovereignty. The imagery of an "outstretched arm" is often used in the Old Testament to depict God's mighty acts of deliverance and judgment, such as in Exodus 6:6, where God promises to deliver Israel from Egypt. It signifies strength and active intervention in the world. The power of God is a recurring theme, underscoring His ability to create, sustain, and govern the universe.

I made the earth and the men and beasts on the face of it
This statement affirms God as the Creator of all things, echoing Genesis 1, where God creates the heavens and the earth, and all living creatures. It establishes His authority over creation, as everything originates from His will and design. This creation account is foundational to understanding humanity's place in the world and our relationship with God, as well as the inherent value of all life.

and I give it to whom I please
Here, God's sovereignty over the distribution of land and power is highlighted. This reflects the biblical theme that God raises up and deposes rulers according to His purposes, as seen in Daniel 2:21. It serves as a reminder that human authority is ultimately subject to divine will. This principle is evident throughout biblical history, where God grants and removes kingdoms, demonstrating His control over the affairs of nations.

So now I have placed all these lands under the authority of My servant Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon.
This phrase indicates God's sovereign control over nations and rulers. The context is the period of the Babylonian Empire's expansion, around the early 6th century BC. Nebuchadnezzar is referred to as "My servant," which highlights that God uses even pagan kings to fulfill His purposes, as seen in Isaiah 44:28 with Cyrus. This reflects the biblical theme that God raises and deposes kings (Daniel 2:21). The "lands" refer to the nations surrounding Judah, including Edom, Moab, Ammon, Tyre, and Sidon, as mentioned earlier in Jeremiah 27. This was a time of political upheaval, and God was using Babylon as an instrument of judgment against these nations, including Judah, for their disobedience and idolatry.

I have even made the beasts of the field subject to him.
This phrase emphasizes the extent of Nebuchadnezzar's dominion, suggesting a comprehensive rule that includes not just people but all creation within the lands. This echoes the dominion mandate given to humanity in Genesis 1:28, showing a temporary fulfillment through Nebuchadnezzar. It also foreshadows the ultimate reign of Christ, who will have dominion over all creation (Philippians 2:10). The mention of "beasts of the field" can symbolize the totality of control and the peace that comes with a ruler's authority, as seen in prophetic visions like Isaiah 11:6-9, where harmony in creation is restored. This also serves as a reminder of God's ultimate authority over all creation, as He can delegate power to whomever He chooses, even to a foreign king like Nebuchadnezzar.

All nations will serve him
This phrase refers to the Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar, who was used by God as an instrument of judgment against Judah and other nations. Historically, Babylon was a dominant empire during this period, and many nations were subjugated under its rule. This aligns with the broader biblical narrative where God uses foreign powers to discipline His people, as seen in Habakkuk 1:6.

and his son and grandson,
This indicates the continuation of Babylonian dominance through Nebuchadnezzar's lineage. His son, Evil-Merodach, and grandson, Belshazzar, are mentioned in the Bible. The historical context shows that the Babylonian Empire maintained its power for several generations, fulfilling this prophecy. Daniel 5 provides insight into the reign of Belshazzar and the eventual fall of Babylon.

until the time of his own land comes;
This phrase suggests a divinely appointed end to Babylon's dominance. The "time" refers to God's sovereign plan and timing for the rise and fall of empires. This is consistent with the biblical theme that God raises up and brings down nations according to His purposes, as seen in Daniel 2:21.

then many nations and great kings will enslave him.
This prophecy foretells the eventual downfall of Babylon, which occurred when the Medes and Persians conquered it. Historically, this happened in 539 BC under the leadership of Cyrus the Great. The biblical account in Daniel 5 describes the fall of Babylon, fulfilling Jeremiah's prophecy. This serves as a reminder of the transient nature of earthly powers and the ultimate sovereignty of God over all nations.

As for the nation or kingdom that does not serve Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon
This phrase highlights the sovereignty of God over nations, using Nebuchadnezzar as an instrument of His will. Historically, Nebuchadnezzar was a powerful ruler of the Neo-Babylonian Empire, known for his military conquests and the expansion of his empire. The context here is the Babylonian Exile, a pivotal event in Jewish history where Judah was conquered, and many were taken captive. This serves as a reminder of God's control over world events and His use of even pagan kings to fulfill His purposes, as seen in other scriptures like Isaiah 45:1, where Cyrus is called God's anointed.

and does not place its neck under his yoke
The imagery of a yoke symbolizes submission and servitude. In ancient times, a yoke was used to control oxen, representing the control and authority one has over another. Here, it signifies the submission required by God for the nations to Nebuchadnezzar. This is a call to humility and recognition of God's ordained authority, paralleling Jesus' teaching in Matthew 11:29-30, where He invites believers to take His yoke upon them, signifying a willing submission to His gentle and humble leadership.

I will punish that nation by sword and famine and plague
This triad of sword, famine, and plague is a common motif in prophetic literature, representing comprehensive judgment. These were typical consequences of war in the ancient Near East, often resulting from sieges and invasions. Theologically, it underscores the seriousness of disobedience to God's commands. Similar judgments are seen in Leviticus 26:25-26 and Ezekiel 14:21, where God warns of these calamities as consequences for covenant unfaithfulness.

declares the LORD
This phrase emphasizes the authority and certainty of the message. It is a divine pronouncement, underscoring that the words spoken are not merely Jeremiah's but are from God Himself. This is a common prophetic formula used to affirm the divine origin of the message, as seen throughout the prophetic books, reinforcing the idea that God's word is final and authoritative.

until I have destroyed it by his hand
The phrase indicates the completeness of the judgment that will be executed through Nebuchadnezzar. It reflects the biblical theme of God using human agents to accomplish His purposes, even in judgment. This is seen in other instances, such as in Isaiah 10:5-6, where Assyria is used as the rod of God's anger. It also foreshadows the ultimate judgment and deliverance found in Christ, who will execute final judgment and bring about the new creation, as depicted in Revelation 19:15.

But as for you, do not listen to your prophets
In the context of Jeremiah 27, God is speaking through Jeremiah to the nations surrounding Judah, warning them not to heed their own prophets who falsely claim that they will not be subject to Babylon. These prophets are contrasted with true prophets like Jeremiah, who speak God's actual message. This highlights the biblical theme of discerning true prophecy from false, as seen in Deuteronomy 18:20-22 and 1 John 4:1.

your diviners
Divination was a common practice in the ancient Near East, used to predict the future or gain insight through various means, such as reading animal entrails or casting lots. The Bible consistently condemns such practices (Leviticus 19:26, Deuteronomy 18:10-12) as they rely on sources other than God for guidance. This reflects the cultural context where divination was prevalent, yet God's people were called to seek Him alone.

your interpreters of dreams
Dream interpretation was another method used in ancient times to discern divine messages. While God did use dreams to communicate (e.g., Joseph in Genesis 37, Daniel in Daniel 2), the caution here is against those who interpret dreams without divine authority. This underscores the need for discernment and reliance on God’s revelation rather than human interpretation.

your mediums
Mediums, or those who claim to communicate with the dead, were also part of the spiritual landscape of the time. The Bible explicitly forbids consulting mediums (Leviticus 20:27, 1 Samuel 28), as it is seen as an abomination and a form of idolatry. This prohibition emphasizes the importance of seeking God directly rather than through forbidden spiritual practices.

or your sorcerers
Sorcery, involving the use of magic or supernatural powers, is condemned in Scripture (Exodus 22:18, Galatians 5:20). In the ancient world, sorcerers were often consulted for power or protection, but God’s people are warned against such practices, which are seen as rebellion against God’s sovereignty.

who declare, ‘You will not serve the king of Babylon.’
This phrase directly addresses the false assurance given by these various figures that the nations would not fall under Babylonian rule. Historically, this was a time when Babylon was expanding its empire, and Jeremiah’s message was that God had ordained Babylon’s dominance as a form of judgment (Jeremiah 27:6-7). The false prophets’ message contradicted God’s plan, illustrating the danger of listening to voices that oppose God’s revealed will.

For they prophesy to you a lie
This phrase refers to the false prophets in Judah who were misleading the people by claiming that they would not be subjected to Babylonian rule. In the historical context, these prophets contradicted Jeremiah's message, which was a true prophecy from God. The false prophets offered a message of peace and security, which was appealing but ultimately deceptive. This reflects a recurring biblical theme where false prophets arise, as seen in Deuteronomy 18:20-22 and 1 Kings 22:6-28, where true prophecy is distinguished by its fulfillment and alignment with God's will.

that will serve to remove you from your land;
The removal from the land refers to the impending Babylonian exile. The land of Israel was central to the identity and covenant relationship between God and His people, as seen in Genesis 12:1-3 and Deuteronomy 28:36. The exile was a direct consequence of the people's disobedience and idolatry, fulfilling the warnings given in the Mosaic Covenant. This phrase underscores the seriousness of listening to false prophets, as their lies would lead to the loss of the land promised to their ancestors.

I will banish you
This is a declaration of divine judgment. The use of "I" emphasizes that it is God Himself who will enact this judgment, reinforcing His sovereignty and the seriousness of the people's sin. The banishment is not merely a political or military defeat but a spiritual consequence of breaking the covenant. This echoes the warnings in Leviticus 26:33 and Deuteronomy 28:64, where God warned of scattering His people among the nations if they turned away from Him.

and you will perish.
The term "perish" indicates the severe consequences of disobedience and the ultimate fate of those who reject God's word. This is not just a physical death but also a spiritual demise, as separation from the land symbolized separation from God's presence and blessing. Theologically, this points to the broader biblical narrative of sin leading to death, as seen in Romans 6:23. It also foreshadows the need for a Savior, fulfilled in Jesus Christ, who offers redemption and restoration to those who turn back to God.

But the nation that will put its neck under the yoke of the king of Babylon and serve him
This phrase refers to the submission of nations to Babylonian rule, symbolized by the "yoke." In the ancient Near East, a yoke was a wooden beam used to harness animals for work, representing subjugation and servitude. Jeremiah's message was a call for nations to accept Babylon's dominance as part of God's divine plan. Historically, Babylon was a dominant empire under King Nebuchadnezzar II, and its influence extended across the region. Theologically, this submission was seen as an act of obedience to God's will, as He had ordained Babylon's rise to power. This concept of submission can be connected to Romans 13:1, where Paul speaks of being subject to governing authorities as they are established by God.

I will leave in its own land
This promise of remaining in their own land was significant for the people of Judah and surrounding nations. In the ancient world, exile was a common consequence of conquest, often leading to the loss of cultural identity and heritage. By submitting to Babylon, these nations were assured stability and continuity in their homeland. This assurance can be seen as a form of divine mercy, allowing them to maintain their way of life despite foreign rule. Theologically, it reflects God's sovereignty and His ability to use even foreign powers to fulfill His purposes, as seen in Isaiah 45:1, where God uses Cyrus, a foreign king, for His plans.

to cultivate it and reside in it
The ability to cultivate and reside in their land implies a degree of peace and prosperity under Babylonian rule. Agriculture was the backbone of ancient economies, and the promise of being able to cultivate the land suggests a return to normalcy and productivity. This phrase highlights the importance of land in the biblical narrative, where land is often tied to God's covenant promises, as seen in Genesis 12:7 with God's promise to Abraham. Theologically, it underscores the idea that obedience to God's directives, even when difficult, leads to blessing and provision.

declares the LORD.
This phrase emphasizes the authority and certainty of the message. The declaration by the LORD signifies that this is not merely a human prediction but a divine pronouncement. In the prophetic literature, such declarations affirm the reliability and truth of the prophecy. It underscores the role of prophets as God's mouthpieces, delivering messages that are to be heeded. This assurance of divine authority is echoed in other prophetic books, such as Amos 3:7, where it is stated that God reveals His plans to His servants, the prophets.

And to Zedekiah king of Judah I spoke the same message:
Jeremiah addresses Zedekiah, the last king of Judah before the Babylonian exile. Zedekiah's reign (597-586 BC) was marked by political instability and pressure from surrounding nations. Jeremiah's message to Zedekiah is consistent with his previous prophecies, emphasizing submission to Babylon as God's will. This reflects the broader theme of divine sovereignty and the consequences of disobedience. Zedekiah's reluctance to heed Jeremiah's warnings ultimately led to the fall of Jerusalem, as recorded in 2 Kings 25.

Put your necks under the yoke of the king of Babylon:
The imagery of a yoke symbolizes submission and servitude. In ancient agrarian societies, a yoke was used to control oxen, signifying control and burden. Jeremiah uses this metaphor to convey God's command for Judah to submit to Babylonian rule. This submission is not merely political but a divine directive, as Babylon is portrayed as an instrument of God's judgment. The yoke also foreshadows the coming exile, a period of purification and eventual restoration for Israel.

serve him and his people, and live!:
Jeremiah's message is clear: survival depends on obedience to God's command to serve Babylon. This directive challenges the nationalistic and rebellious sentiments of Judah's leaders and people. The call to "serve" highlights a theme of humility and repentance, urging Judah to accept God's discipline. The promise of life contrasts with the destruction that rebellion would bring, emphasizing God's desire for His people's preservation even in judgment. This echoes the broader biblical narrative of life through obedience, as seen in Deuteronomy 30:19-20.

Why should you and your people die by sword and famine and plague
This phrase reflects the dire consequences of disobedience to God's command through the prophet Jeremiah. The triad of "sword, famine, and plague" is a common biblical motif representing comprehensive judgment (e.g., Ezekiel 14:21). Historically, these were real threats faced by nations during times of war and siege, particularly in the ancient Near East. The mention of these calamities underscores the severity of the situation and the urgency of heeding God's warning.

as the LORD has decreed
This emphasizes the divine authority behind the message. The decree of the LORD is irrevocable and highlights the sovereignty of God over nations. In the context of Jeremiah, God's decrees often come as a result of covenant violations by His people. This phrase also connects to the broader biblical theme of God's justice and the fulfillment of His word (Isaiah 55:11).

against any nation that does not serve the king of Babylon
This part of the verse situates the prophecy within the historical context of the Babylonian Empire's dominance. Serving the king of Babylon, Nebuchadnezzar, was presented as God's will for the nations at that time. This was a period when Babylon was the instrument of God's judgment (Jeremiah 25:9). Theologically, it reflects the theme of submission to God's appointed authority, even when it comes through foreign powers. This can be seen as a type of Christ's ultimate authority over all nations, as prophesied in Psalm 2:8-9.

Do not listen to the words of the prophets
In the context of Jeremiah's ministry, many false prophets were claiming to speak on behalf of God, offering messages of peace and prosperity. Jeremiah, however, was tasked with delivering a message of impending judgment and exile. This phrase emphasizes the need for discernment and obedience to God's true message, as opposed to the comforting but false assurances of the false prophets. The New Testament also warns against false prophets (Matthew 7:15), highlighting the timeless nature of this issue.

who say, ‘You must not serve the king of Babylon,’
The historical context here is crucial. Babylon, under King Nebuchadnezzar, was the dominant power in the region. God had decreed through Jeremiah that Judah should submit to Babylonian rule as a form of divine judgment (Jeremiah 25:11). The false prophets were contradicting this divine command, encouraging rebellion against God's ordained plan. This reflects a broader biblical theme where human pride and resistance to God's will lead to downfall, as seen in the Tower of Babel (Genesis 11:1-9).

for they are prophesying to you a lie.
The false prophets' messages were not just incorrect; they were deceitful, leading the people away from God's truth. This aligns with the biblical theme of truth versus deception, seen in the Garden of Eden (Genesis 3) and throughout Scripture. The lie here is particularly dangerous because it gives false hope and encourages disobedience to God's explicit instructions. In the New Testament, Jesus warns of those who will come in His name, deceiving many (Matthew 24:4-5), underscoring the importance of adhering to God's true word.

For I have not sent them, declares the LORD
This phrase emphasizes the authority and sovereignty of God in appointing true prophets. In the context of Jeremiah, false prophets were claiming to speak on behalf of God, but they were not sent by Him. This echoes Deuteronomy 18:20-22, where God warns against false prophets who speak presumptuously. The phrase underscores the importance of discerning true divine messages, a theme prevalent throughout the Old Testament.

and yet they are prophesying falsely in My name
The false prophets were using God's name to lend credibility to their messages, which were contrary to God's true word delivered through Jeremiah. This misuse of God's name violates the commandment in Exodus 20:7 against taking the Lord's name in vain. The cultural context of ancient Israel placed great importance on the authority of a prophet, making false prophecy a serious offense.

therefore I will banish you, and you will perish
This is a direct consequence of the false prophets' actions. The term "banish" indicates a removal from God's presence and favor, often resulting in exile or death. Historically, this reflects the impending Babylonian exile, a punishment for Judah's disobedience and the misleading guidance of false prophets. The phrase serves as a warning of divine judgment, consistent with the prophetic tradition of calling Israel back to covenant faithfulness.

you and the prophets who prophesy to you
The judgment is not only on the false prophets but also on those who choose to follow them. This highlights the communal aspect of sin and judgment in Israel's history. The people are held accountable for their willingness to listen to falsehoods rather than seeking the truth from God. This principle is echoed in the New Testament, where Jesus warns against false teachers in Matthew 7:15-20, emphasizing the need for discernment among believers.

Then I said to the priests and to all this people
Jeremiah addresses both the religious leaders and the general populace, emphasizing the widespread nature of the false prophecy problem. The priests were responsible for spiritual guidance, yet they were misled, highlighting the pervasive corruption and deception in Judah.

This is what the LORD says
Jeremiah asserts divine authority, contrasting his message with the false prophets. This phrase underscores the importance of discerning true divine revelation from human invention, a recurring theme in prophetic literature.

Do not listen to the words of your prophets
The warning against listening to false prophets is a call to discernment. In the context of ancient Israel, prophets were expected to speak God's truth, but many were swayed by political pressures or personal gain, leading the people astray.

who prophesy to you, saying
The false prophets claimed to speak on behalf of God, a serious offense. This highlights the danger of false assurances and the need for accountability among those who claim to speak for God.

‘Look, very soon now the articles from the house of the LORD will be brought back from Babylon.’
The false prophets promised a swift return of the temple articles taken by Nebuchadnezzar, offering false hope. This reflects a misunderstanding or deliberate misrepresentation of God's timeline and purposes, as the exile was meant to be a period of judgment and reflection.

They are prophesying to you a lie.
Jeremiah exposes the falsehood, emphasizing the gravity of misleading God's people. This aligns with other biblical warnings against false prophets (e.g., Deuteronomy 18:20-22) and underscores the importance of truth in God's covenant relationship with His people.

Do not listen to them.
In this context, "them" refers to the false prophets and leaders who were encouraging rebellion against Babylon. These false prophets were claiming that God would deliver Judah from Babylonian control, contradicting Jeremiah's message. This phrase emphasizes the importance of discerning true prophetic voices from false ones, a theme that resonates throughout Scripture (e.g., Deuteronomy 18:20-22, 1 John 4:1).

Serve the king of Babylon and live!
Jeremiah's message was countercultural and difficult for the people to accept. Serving the king of Babylon was seen as an act of submission to a foreign power, yet it was God's directive for the survival of Judah. This command highlights the sovereignty of God over nations and His use of foreign powers to accomplish His purposes (e.g., Isaiah 45:1-7). It also foreshadows the New Testament teaching of submission to governing authorities (Romans 13:1-7).

Why should this city become a ruin?
Jeremiah appeals to the people's sense of preservation and the value of Jerusalem, the city of God. The potential ruin of Jerusalem serves as a warning of the consequences of disobedience. Historically, Jerusalem was the center of Jewish worship and identity, making its destruction a profound loss. This phrase underscores the theme of divine judgment and mercy, as God offers a way to avoid destruction through obedience. It also points to the eventual hope of restoration, as seen in later prophecies of a new Jerusalem (Revelation 21:2).

If they are indeed prophets
This phrase challenges the authenticity of the prophets in question. In the biblical context, true prophets were those who spoke the words given by God, often confirmed by the fulfillment of their prophecies (Deuteronomy 18:21-22). Jeremiah contrasts himself with false prophets who were misleading the people with messages of peace and security when destruction was imminent.

and the word of the LORD is with them
The "word of the LORD" signifies divine revelation and authority. In the Old Testament, prophets like Isaiah, Ezekiel, and Jeremiah were known for receiving direct messages from God. This phrase implies that true prophets would have genuine communication with God, as seen in 1 Samuel 3:1, where the word of the LORD was rare, indicating the scarcity of true prophetic messages.

let them now plead with the LORD of Hosts
"Plead" suggests intercession, a role often associated with prophets (Exodus 32:11-14). The "LORD of Hosts" is a title emphasizing God's sovereignty and command over heavenly armies, underscoring His power and authority. This call to intercession highlights the seriousness of the situation and the need for divine intervention.

that the articles remaining in the house of the LORD
The "articles" refer to sacred items used in temple worship, such as those described in 1 Kings 7:48-50. These items were central to the religious life of Israel and symbolized God's presence among His people. Their removal would signify a loss of divine favor and protection.

in the palace of the king of Judah
The palace was not only the king's residence but also a symbol of the nation's political stability and strength. The mention of the palace indicates that the threat from Babylon was not only religious but also political, affecting the entire structure of Judah's society.

and in Jerusalem
Jerusalem was the spiritual and political heart of Judah, the city where God had chosen to place His name (2 Chronicles 6:6). Its mention underscores the gravity of the threat, as the city was central to Jewish identity and faith.

not be taken to Babylon
Babylon represents the looming threat of exile and judgment. Historically, Babylon was a dominant empire known for its military prowess and cultural influence. The taking of articles to Babylon would fulfill prophecies of judgment (2 Kings 20:17-18) and symbolize the subjugation of God's people, foreshadowing the eventual Babylonian captivity.

For this is what the LORD of Hosts says
This phrase emphasizes the authority and sovereignty of God, often referred to as the "LORD of Hosts," which signifies His command over the armies of heaven. This title underscores God's power and His ability to fulfill His purposes. It is a reminder of the divine origin of the message, indicating that the following words are not merely human opinion but a direct revelation from God.

about the pillars
The pillars mentioned here likely refer to the two bronze pillars, Jachin and Boaz, that stood at the entrance of Solomon's Temple (1 Kings 7:15-22). These pillars were significant in Israel's worship and symbolized strength and stability. Their mention here indicates their importance and the impending threat to the temple's sacred objects due to the Babylonian invasion.

the sea
The "sea" refers to the large bronze basin used for ceremonial washing in the temple (1 Kings 7:23-26). It was an essential part of the temple's furnishings, symbolizing purification and the cleansing necessary for approaching God. Its mention highlights the impending desecration and loss of sacred items due to the Babylonian conquest.

the bases
These bases were the stands for the ten bronze lavers used in the temple (1 Kings 7:27-39). They were intricately designed and part of the temple's elaborate system for ritual purification. Their inclusion in this prophecy underscores the comprehensive nature of the coming destruction and the loss of Israel's religious heritage.

and the rest of the articles that remain in this city
This phrase refers to the remaining temple articles that had not yet been taken to Babylon. It indicates that despite previous deportations and plundering, some sacred items still remained in Jerusalem. The prophecy warns of their eventual removal, symbolizing the complete judgment and exile that would come upon Jerusalem, fulfilling earlier prophecies and demonstrating the consequences of the nation's disobedience.

which Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon did not take
Nebuchadnezzar was the powerful ruler of the Babylonian Empire, known for his military conquests and the expansion of his empire. In the context of Jeremiah, he is the instrument of God's judgment against Judah. The items not taken refer to the remaining temple articles and treasures left in Jerusalem after the initial deportation. This highlights the partial fulfillment of God's warning through Jeremiah, as some items were left behind, indicating a temporary reprieve but not a full deliverance.

when he carried Jeconiah son of Jehoiakim king of Judah into exile
Jeconiah, also known as Jehoiachin, was the king of Judah who reigned for a brief period before being taken captive by Nebuchadnezzar. His exile marked a significant moment in Judah's history, as it symbolized the beginning of the end for the Davidic line's rule in Jerusalem. This event fulfilled Jeremiah's prophecies about the consequences of Judah's disobedience. Jeconiah's captivity is also mentioned in 2 Kings 24:10-16, emphasizing the historical accuracy and the gravity of the situation.

from Jerusalem to Babylon
The journey from Jerusalem to Babylon was not just a physical relocation but a spiritual and cultural upheaval for the people of Judah. Babylon, a city known for its grandeur and idolatry, represented the antithesis of Jerusalem, the city of God. This exile was a form of divine discipline, intended to bring the people back to a covenant relationship with God. The Babylonian exile is a recurring theme in the Old Testament, with significant implications for understanding God's sovereignty and faithfulness.

along with all the nobles of Judah and Jerusalem
The nobles, or the elite class of Judah, were also taken into exile, which further destabilized the social and political structure of the nation. This removal of leadership was a strategic move by Nebuchadnezzar to prevent rebellion and ensure control over the conquered territory. The exile of the nobles is a reminder of the comprehensive nature of God's judgment, affecting all levels of society. It also sets the stage for the stories of Daniel and his companions, who were among the exiled nobility, demonstrating God's continued presence and influence even in a foreign land.

Yes, this is what the LORD of Hosts, the God of Israel, says
This phrase emphasizes the authority and sovereignty of God, often referred to as the "LORD of Hosts," which signifies His command over the armies of heaven. The title "God of Israel" reaffirms His covenant relationship with the nation of Israel. This introduction underscores the divine origin of the message, indicating that it is not merely a human opinion but a declaration from God Himself. This is a common prophetic formula used to assert the authenticity and seriousness of the message.

about the articles that remain in the house of the LORD
The "articles" refer to the sacred vessels and items used in temple worship. These items were significant in the religious life of Israel, symbolizing God's presence and the covenant relationship. The mention of "the house of the LORD" refers to Solomon's Temple in Jerusalem, which was the central place of worship for the Israelites. Historically, many of these articles had been taken by Nebuchadnezzar during his earlier invasions, but some remained, and their fate was a matter of concern for the people.

in the palace of the king of Judah
The palace of the king of Judah was not only a royal residence but also a symbol of the Davidic dynasty and the political stability of the nation. The mention of the palace indicates that the prophecy concerns both religious and political aspects of Judah's life. The palace, like the temple, was a target during Babylonian invasions, and its treasures were often plundered. This highlights the vulnerability of Judah's political and religious institutions during this period.

and in Jerusalem
Jerusalem, the capital city, was the spiritual and political heart of Judah. It was the location of the temple and the king's palace, making it central to the nation's identity. The city's mention here underscores the comprehensive nature of the prophecy, as it addresses the fate of the entire city, not just isolated parts. Jerusalem's significance is further highlighted in biblical prophecy as a focal point of God's plans for His people, both in judgment and in future restoration.

This passage, within its broader context, serves as a warning and a call to trust in God's sovereignty, even amidst impending judgment. It also foreshadows the eventual destruction and exile, while pointing to the hope of future restoration, a theme that resonates throughout the prophetic literature.

They will be carried to Babylon
This phrase refers to the Babylonian exile, a significant event in Jewish history where the people of Judah were taken captive by King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon. This exile was a fulfillment of earlier prophecies, such as those found in Isaiah and Habakkuk, warning of judgment due to the people's disobedience and idolatry. Babylon, located in modern-day Iraq, was a powerful empire known for its grandeur and influence. The carrying away to Babylon symbolizes God's judgment and the consequences of turning away from His commandments.

and will remain there
The duration of the exile was prophesied by Jeremiah to last seventy years (Jeremiah 25:11-12). This period was a time of punishment but also of purification and reflection for the Jewish people. During their time in Babylon, the exiles were encouraged by prophets like Jeremiah to seek the welfare of the city and to live productive lives (Jeremiah 29:4-7). This period also saw the development of Jewish synagogues and a stronger emphasis on the Torah, as the people sought to maintain their identity and faith in a foreign land.

until the day I attend to them again,
This phrase indicates God's promise of restoration and His faithfulness to His covenant with Israel. The "day" refers to a specific time when God would intervene in history to bring His people back to their land. This attending to them is an act of divine grace and mercy, showing that despite their unfaithfulness, God remains committed to His promises. It also foreshadows the eventual return of the exiles under leaders like Zerubbabel, Ezra, and Nehemiah.

declares the LORD.
This declaration emphasizes the authority and certainty of the prophecy. The use of "declares the LORD" is a common prophetic formula that underscores that the message is not from the prophet's own imagination but is a direct communication from God. It assures the listeners of the reliability and truth of the promise, as it comes from the sovereign Creator.

Then I will bring them back
This promise of return is a central theme in the prophetic literature, highlighting God's redemptive plan. The return from exile is a type of the ultimate redemption found in Jesus Christ, who brings spiritual restoration and reconciliation with God. The physical return to the land prefigures the spiritual return to God through repentance and faith. This return was historically fulfilled when the Persian King Cyrus allowed the Jews to return to Jerusalem and rebuild the temple (Ezra 1:1-4).

and restore them to this place.
Restoration to "this place" refers to Jerusalem and the land of Judah, which hold significant theological and historical importance as the center of Jewish worship and identity. The restoration includes not only the physical return but also the rebuilding of the temple and the reestablishment of the covenant community. This restoration is a foretaste of the ultimate restoration of all things in the new heavens and new earth, as prophesied in Revelation. It also points to the spiritual restoration available through Christ, who restores the broken relationship between God and humanity.