Human Limitation

The concept of human limitation is a recurring theme throughout the Bible, emphasizing the finite nature of human beings in contrast to the infinite nature of God. Human limitation is evident in various aspects, including knowledge, power, morality, and lifespan.

1. Knowledge and Understanding: Human understanding is limited, as seen in Isaiah 55:8-9, where God declares, "For My thoughts are not your thoughts, neither are your ways My ways." This passage highlights the vast difference between divine and human understanding. Similarly, in 1 Corinthians 13:12, Paul writes, "For now we see only a reflection as in a mirror; then we shall see face to face. Now I know in part; then I shall know fully, even as I am fully known."

2. Power and Ability: Human power is limited in comparison to God's omnipotence. In Job 38-41, God questions Job, illustrating the vast difference between divine and human power. Job 38:4 states, "Where were you when I laid the foundations of the earth? Tell Me, if you have understanding." This passage underscores human inability to comprehend or replicate God's creative power.

3. Moral and Spiritual Limitation: Human beings are morally limited and prone to sin, as seen in Romans 3:23, "for all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God." This inherent sinfulness necessitates divine intervention for redemption, as humans cannot achieve righteousness on their own.

4. Lifespan and Mortality: Human life is transient, as expressed in Psalm 90:10, "The length of our days is seventy years—or eighty if we are strong—yet their span is but trouble and sorrow, for they quickly pass, and we fly away." This brevity of life contrasts with God's eternal nature.

Divine Sovereignty

Divine sovereignty refers to God's supreme authority and control over all creation. It is a central tenet of biblical theology, affirming that God orchestrates all events according to His will and purpose.

1. God's Authority: God's sovereignty is evident in His authority over creation. Genesis 1:1 states, "In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth," establishing God as the ultimate Creator and ruler. Psalm 24:1 further affirms, "The earth is the LORD’s, and the fullness thereof, the world and those who dwell therein."

2. Providence and Governance: God's sovereign governance is seen in His providential care for creation. In Matthew 10:29-31, Jesus teaches, "Are not two sparrows sold for a penny? Yet not one of them will fall to the ground apart from the will of your Father." This passage illustrates God's intimate involvement in the details of life.

3. Salvation and Election: Divine sovereignty extends to salvation, where God elects individuals according to His purpose. Ephesians 1:4-5 states, "For He chose us in Him before the foundation of the world to be holy and blameless in His presence. In love He predestined us for adoption as His sons through Jesus Christ, according to the good pleasure of His will."

4. Human Responsibility and Divine Will: While God is sovereign, human responsibility is also affirmed. Philippians 2:12-13 encourages believers to "work out your salvation with fear and trembling, for it is God who works in you to will and to act on behalf of His good purpose." This passage highlights the interplay between divine sovereignty and human action.

The interplay between human limitation and divine sovereignty is a profound mystery that underscores the need for humility and trust in God's perfect will. Throughout Scripture, believers are called to acknowledge their limitations and rely on God's sovereign power and wisdom.