Topical Bible: The Edomites: Israel Forbidden to Hate

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Topical Encyclopedia

The Edomites, descendants of Esau, hold a significant place in biblical history and theology. Esau, the elder twin brother of Jacob, was the son of Isaac and Rebekah. The narrative of Esau and Jacob is foundational to understanding the relationship between the Israelites and the Edomites. The Edomites settled in the region of Mount Seir, south of the Dead Sea, and their territory was known as Edom, meaning "red," likely a reference to Esau's red complexion at birth (Genesis 25:25).

Historical Context

The relationship between Israel and Edom is complex, marked by both kinship and conflict. Despite their shared ancestry, the two nations often found themselves at odds. The initial conflict can be traced back to the struggle between Esau and Jacob, which culminated in Jacob receiving the blessing intended for Esau (Genesis 27). This familial discord set the stage for future hostilities between their descendants.

Biblical Command: Do Not Abhor an Edomite

Despite the historical enmity, the Israelites were explicitly commanded not to hate the Edomites. In Deuteronomy 23:7, the Berean Standard Bible states, "Do not despise an Edomite, for he is your brother." This command underscores the enduring kinship between the two nations, rooted in their common ancestry through Isaac and Abraham. The directive to refrain from hatred reflects a broader biblical principle of recognizing and respecting familial bonds, even amidst conflict.

Edom's Role in Israel's Journey

During the Exodus, the Israelites sought passage through Edomite territory on their way to the Promised Land. The Edomites, however, refused them passage, forcing the Israelites to take a longer route (Numbers 20:14-21). This incident further strained relations, yet the command to not abhor the Edomites remained in place, highlighting a divine mandate for reconciliation and peace.

Prophetic Literature and Edom

The prophets frequently addressed Edom, often condemning their actions against Israel. Obadiah, in particular, prophesied against Edom for their violence and betrayal during the Babylonian conquest of Jerusalem (Obadiah 1:10-14). Despite these condemnations, the prophetic literature also reflects a hope for eventual restoration and reconciliation, consistent with the command to not despise Edom.

Theological Implications

The command to not hate the Edomites serves as a reminder of the importance of forgiveness and reconciliation. It challenges believers to transcend historical grievances and embrace a spirit of brotherhood. This principle is echoed in the New Testament teachings of Jesus, who emphasized love for one's enemies and the pursuit of peace (Matthew 5:44).

In summary, the Edomites, as descendants of Esau, share a complex and multifaceted relationship with Israel. While historical conflicts are evident, the biblical mandate to not abhor the Edomites underscores a divine call to recognize shared heritage and pursue reconciliation. This command remains a powerful testament to the enduring values of kinship and forgiveness within the biblical narrative.

Torrey's Topical Textbook

Deuteronomy 23:7
You shall not abhor an Edomite; for he is your brother: you shall not abhor an Egyptian; because you were a stranger in his land.
Torrey's Topical Textbook

Library

The Personal History of Herod - the Two Worlds in Jerusalem.
... but parts of Southern Palestine which the Edomites had occupied since ... Who would urge
His claim upon Israel in Greek ... that its study was actually forbidden by the ...
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