1 Kings 4:6
New International Version
Ahishar—palace administrator; Adoniram son of Abda—in charge of forced labor.

New Living Translation
Ahishar was manager of the palace property. Adoniram son of Abda was in charge of forced labor.

English Standard Version
Ahishar was in charge of the palace; and Adoniram the son of Abda was in charge of the forced labor.

Berean Standard Bible
Ahishar was in charge of the palace; and Adoniram son of Abda was in charge of the forced labor.

King James Bible
And Ahishar was over the household: and Adoniram the son of Abda was over the tribute.

New King James Version
Ahishar, over the household; and Adoniram the son of Abda, over the labor force.

New American Standard Bible
and Ahishar was over the household; and Adoniram the son of Abda was over the forced labor.

NASB 1995
and Ahishar was over the household; and Adoniram the son of Abda was over the men subject to forced labor.

NASB 1977
and Ahishar was over the household; and Adoniram the son of Abda was over the men subject to forced labor.

Legacy Standard Bible
and Ahishar was over the household; and Adoniram the son of Abda was over the men subject to forced labor.

Amplified Bible
Ahishar was in charge of the household (palace); and Adoniram the son of Abda was in charge of the forced labor.

Christian Standard Bible
Ahishar, in charge of the palace; and Adoniram son of Abda, in charge of forced labor.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Ahishar, in charge of the palace; and Adoniram son of Abda, in charge of forced labor.

American Standard Version
and Ahishar was over the household; and Adoniram the son of Abda was over the men subject to taskwork.

English Revised Version
and Ahishar was over the household; and Adoniram the son of Abda was over the levy.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
[Ahishar] was in charge of the palace. [Adoniram], son of Abda, was in charge of forced labor.

Good News Translation
In charge of the palace servants: Ahishar In charge of the forced labor: Adoniram son of Abda

International Standard Version
Ahishar supervised palace matters, and Abda's son Adoniram supervised conscripted labor.

Majority Standard Bible
Ahishar was in charge of the palace; and Adoniram son of Abda was in charge of the forced labor.

NET Bible
Ahishar was supervisor of the palace. Adoniram son of Abda was supervisor of the work crews.

New Heart English Bible
and Ahishar was over the palace; and Eliab son of Joab was over the army; and Adoniram the son of Abda was over the men subject to forced labor.

Webster's Bible Translation
And Ahishar was over the household: and Adoniram the son of Abda was over the tribute.

World English Bible
Ahishar was over the household; and Adoniram the son of Abda was over the men subject to forced labor.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
and Ahishar [is] over the household, and Adoniram son of Abda [is] over the tribute.

Young's Literal Translation
And Ahishar is over the household, and Adoniram son of Abda is over the tribute.

Smith's Literal Translation
And Ahishar over the house: and Adoniram son of Abda over the tribute.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And Ahisar governor of the house: and Adoniram the son of Abda over the tribute.

Catholic Public Domain Version
and Ahishar, first ruler of the house; and Adoniram, the son of Abda, over the tribute.

New American Bible
Ahishar, master of the palace; and Adoniram, son of Abda, in charge of the forced labor.

New Revised Standard Version
Ahishar was in charge of the palace; and Adoniram son of Abda was in charge of the forced labor.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And Abinshar was over the household; and Adoniram the son of Abda was over the tribute.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And Abinshar, Chief of the house, and Aduniram, son of Abda, over taxation.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
and Ahishar was over the household; and Adoniram the son of Abda was over the levy.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And Achisar was steward, and Eliac the chief steward; and Eliab the son of Saph was over the family: and Adoniram the son of Audon over the tribute.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Solomon's Princes
5Azariah son of Nathan was in charge of the governors; Zabud son of Nathan was a priest and adviser to the king; 6Ahishar was in charge of the palace; and Adoniram son of Abda was in charge of the forced labor.

Cross References
1 Kings 12:18
Then King Rehoboam sent out Adoram, who was in charge of the forced labor, but all Israel stoned him to death. And King Rehoboam mounted his chariot in haste and escaped to Jerusalem.

2 Samuel 20:24
Adoram was in charge of the forced labor; Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was the recorder;

1 Kings 9:21
their descendants who remained in the land, those whom the Israelites were unable to devote to destruction—Solomon conscripted these people to be forced laborers, as they are to this day.

1 Kings 5:14
He sent them to Lebanon in monthly shifts of 10,000 men, so that they would spend one month in Lebanon and two months at home. And Adoniram was in charge of the forced labor.

1 Kings 11:28
Now Jeroboam was a mighty man of valor. So when Solomon noticed that the young man was industrious, he put him in charge of the whole labor force of the house of Joseph.

2 Chronicles 8:9
But Solomon did not consign any of the Israelites to slave labor, because they were his men of war, the leaders of his captains, and the commanders of his chariots and cavalry.

2 Chronicles 10:18
Then King Rehoboam sent out Hadoram, who was in charge of the forced labor, but the Israelites stoned him to death. And King Rehoboam mounted his chariot in haste and escaped to Jerusalem.

1 Kings 4:1-5
So King Solomon ruled over Israel, / and these were his chief officials: Azariah son of Zadok was the priest; / Elihoreph and Ahijah, the sons of Shisha, were secretaries; Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was the recorder; ...

1 Kings 4:7-19
Solomon had twelve governors over all Israel to provide food for the king and his household. Each one would arrange provisions for one month of the year, / and these were their names: Ben-hur in the hill country of Ephraim; / Ben-deker in Makaz, in Shaalbim, in Beth-shemesh, and in Elon-beth-hanan; ...

1 Kings 4:27-28
Each month the governors in turn provided food for King Solomon and all who came to his table. They saw to it that nothing was lacking. / Each one also brought to the required place their quotas of barley and straw for the chariot horses and other horses.

1 Kings 9:22-23
But Solomon did not consign any of the Israelites to slavery, because they were his men of war, his servants, his officers, his captains, and the commanders of his chariots and cavalry. / They were also the chief officers over Solomon’s projects: 550 supervisors over the people who did the work.

1 Kings 12:4
“Your father put a heavy yoke on us. But now you must lighten the burden of your father’s service and the heavy yoke he put on us, and we will serve you.”

1 Kings 12:10-11
The young men who had grown up with him replied, “This is how you should answer these people who said to you, ‘Your father made our yoke heavy, but you must make it lighter.’ This is what you should tell them: ‘My little finger is thicker than my father’s waist! / Whereas my father burdened you with a heavy yoke, I will add to your yoke. Whereas my father scourged you with whips, I will scourge you with scorpions.’”

1 Kings 12:14
and spoke to them as the young men had advised, saying, “Whereas my father made your yoke heavy, I will add to your yoke. Whereas my father scourged you with whips, I will scourge you with scorpions.”

Matthew 20:25-28
But Jesus called them aside and said, “You know that the rulers of the Gentiles lord it over them, and their superiors exercise authority over them. / It shall not be this way among you. Instead, whoever wants to become great among you must be your servant, / and whoever wants to be first among you must be your slave— ...


Treasury of Scripture

And Ahishar was over the household: and Adoniram the son of Abda was over the tribute.

Adoniram

1 Kings 12:13
And the king answered the people roughly, and forsook the old men's counsel that they gave him;

2 Samuel 20:24
And Adoram was over the tribute: and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was recorder:

Adoram

1 Kings 5:13,14
And king Solomon raised a levy out of all Israel; and the levy was thirty thousand men…

1 Kings 9:15
And this is the reason of the levy which king Solomon raised; for to build the house of the LORD, and his own house, and Millo, and the wall of Jerusalem, and Hazor, and Megiddo, and Gezer.

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Abda Adoniram Adoni'ram Charge Controller Forced House Household King's Labor Overseer Palace Subject Taskwork Tribute
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Abda Adoniram Adoni'ram Charge Controller Forced House Household King's Labor Overseer Palace Subject Taskwork Tribute
1 Kings 4
1. Solomon's princes
7. His twelve officers for provision
20. The peace and largeness of his kingdom
22. His daily provision
26. His stable
29. His wisdom














Ahishar
Ahishar's name means "my brother is a song" or "brother of a noble." This name reflects a cultural emphasis on familial relationships and the importance of music and nobility in Hebrew society. Ahishar's role as a palace official suggests he was a trusted member of King Solomon's administration, responsible for the daily operations and management of the royal household. This position required integrity and loyalty, reflecting the biblical principle that those who serve in leadership must be faithful stewards.

was in charge of the palace
The phrase "in charge of the palace" indicates a position of significant authority and responsibility. The Hebrew term for "palace" (בַּיִת, bayit) can also mean "house" or "temple," emphasizing the centrality of the king's residence in the governance of Israel. This role involved overseeing the logistics, security, and personnel of the royal household, ensuring that the king's affairs were conducted smoothly. It highlights the importance of order and structure in leadership, as well as the need for capable individuals to manage the affairs of a nation.

Adoniram son of Abda
Adoniram, whose name means "my lord is exalted," was a prominent figure in Solomon's administration. The mention of his father, Abda, underscores the biblical tradition of identifying individuals by their lineage, which was crucial for establishing identity and heritage. Adoniram's role in the kingdom reflects the biblical theme of God raising up leaders to fulfill His purposes, and his name serves as a reminder of the exaltation of the Lord in all aspects of life.

was in charge of the forced labor
The phrase "in charge of the forced labor" refers to Adoniram's responsibility for overseeing the labor force that was conscripted for public works, including the construction of the temple and other significant projects. The Hebrew term for "forced labor" (מַס, mas) indicates a system of labor that was common in ancient Near Eastern societies. While this system was necessary for the completion of large-scale projects, it also presents a moral and ethical challenge, reminding us of the need for justice and compassion in leadership. The biblical narrative often critiques the misuse of power and the exploitation of people, calling leaders to act with righteousness and mercy.

(6) Over the household,--like the "High Steward" of a modern Court. In 2Kings 18:18 we have the same three officers mentioned ("Eliakim, who was over the household, and Shebna the scribe, and Joah the son of Asaph the recorder").

Adoniram . . . over the tribute (or "levy"),--evidently the head of Solomon's great public works. (See 1Kings 5:14.) The name is elsewhere given as Adoram. It is to be noticed that in the enumeration of David's officers in the early part of the reign (2Samuel 8:16-18) no such officer is found; but that in the latter part of his reign the list contains the name of Adoram (2Samuel 20:24). It has been thought that the numbering of the people recorded in 2 Samuel 24 and 1 Chronicles 21, was in preparation for such forced work, and hence was odious to Joab and others. In 1Kings 12:18 we read how the holder of this office, being naturally most unpopular with those who had felt the burden of Solomon's splendour, was stoned to death in the insurrection against Rehoboam. . . .

Verse 6. - And Ahishar was over the household [steward and manager of the palace. We meet this office here for the first time, an evidence of the growing size and magnificence of the court (cf. 1 Kings 18:3; 2 Kings 18:18; Isaiah 22:15). That such an officer was needed, the fact mentioned below (on ver. 23) as to the enormous size of the royal household will prove]: and Adoniram [see on 1 Kings 12:18] the son of Abda was over the tribute. [Marg. "levy," i.e., the forced labour (1 Kings 5:13, 14). See on 1 Kings 12:3.]

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
Ahishar
וַאֲחִישָׁ֖ר (wa·’ă·ḥî·šār)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 301: Ahishar -- 'my brother has sung', one of Solomon's officials

[was] in charge of
עַל־ (‘al-)
Preposition
Strong's 5921: Above, over, upon, against

the palace;
הַבָּ֑יִת (hab·bā·yiṯ)
Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 1004: A house

and Adoniram
וַאֲדֹנִירָ֥ם (wa·’ă·ḏō·nî·rām)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 141: Adoniram -- 'my Lord is exalted', one of Solomon's leaders

son
בֶּן־ (ben-)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 1121: A son

of Abda
עַבְדָּ֖א (‘aḇ·dā)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 5653: Abda -- two Israelites

[was] in charge of
עַל־ (‘al-)
Preposition
Strong's 5921: Above, over, upon, against

the labor force.
הַמַּֽס׃ (ham·mas)
Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 4522: Body of forced laborers, forced service, taskworkers, taskwork, serfdom


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OT History: 1 Kings 4:6 And Ahishar was over the household (1Ki iKi i Ki 1 Kg 1kg)
1 Kings 4:5
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