Hezekiah Proclaims a Passover 1Then Hezekiah sent word throughout all Israel and Judah, and he also wrote letters to Ephraim and Manasseh inviting them to come to the house of the LORD in Jerusalem to keep the Passover of the LORD, the God of Israel. 2For the king and his officials and the whole assembly in Jerusalem had decided to keep the Passover in the second month,a 3since they had been unable to keep it at the regular time, because not enough priests had consecrated themselves and the people had not been gathered in Jerusalem. 4This plan pleased the king and the whole assembly. 5So they established a decree to circulate a proclamation throughout Israel, from Beersheba to Dan, that the people should come to keep the Passover of the LORD, the God of Israel, in Jerusalem. For they had not observed it in great numbers as prescribed. 6At the command of the king, the couriers went throughout Israel and Judah with letters from the king and his officials, which read: “Children of Israel, return to the LORD, the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Israel, so that He may return to those of you who remain, who have escaped the grasp of the kings of Assyria. 7Do not be like your fathers and brothers who were unfaithful to the LORD, the God of their fathers, so that He made them an object of horror, as you can see. 8Now do not stiffen your necks as your fathers did. Submit to the LORD and come to His sanctuary, which He has consecrated forever. Serve the LORD your God, so that His fierce anger will turn away from you. 9For if you return to the LORD, your brothers and sons will receive mercy in the presence of their captors and will return to this land. For the LORD your God is gracious and merciful; He will not turn His face away from you if you return to Him.” 10And the couriers traveled from city to city through the land of Ephraim and Manasseh as far as Zebulun, but the people scorned and mocked them. 11Nevertheless, some from Asher, Manasseh, and Zebulun humbled themselves and came to Jerusalem. 12Moreover, the power of God was on the people in Judah to give them one heart to obey the command of the king and his officials according to the word of the LORD. Hezekiah Celebrates the Passover 13In the second month, a very great assembly gathered in Jerusalem to celebrate the Feast of Unleavened Bread.b 14They proceeded to remove the altars in Jerusalem and to take away the incense altars and throw them into the Kidron Valley. 15And on the fourteenth day of the second month they slaughtered the Passover lamb. The priests and Levites were ashamed, and they consecrated themselves and brought burnt offerings to the house of the LORD. 16They stood at their prescribed posts, according to the Law of Moses the man of God. The priests splattered the blood, which they received from the hand of the Levites. 17Since there were many in the assembly who had not consecrated themselves, the Levites were in charge of slaughtering the Passover lambs for every unclean person to consecrate the lambs to the LORD. 18A large number of the people—many from Ephraim, Manasseh, Issachar, and Zebulun—had not purified themselves, yet they ate the Passover, contrary to what was written. But Hezekiah interceded for them, saying, “May the LORD, who is good, provide atonement for everyone 19who sets his heart on seeking God—the LORD, the God of his fathers—even if he is not cleansed according to the purification rules of the sanctuary.” 20And the LORD heard Hezekiah and healed the people. 21The Israelites who were present in Jerusalem celebrated the Feast of Unleavened Bread for seven days with great joy, and the Levites and priests praised the LORD day after day, accompanied by loud instruments of praise to the LORD.c 22And Hezekiah encouraged all the Levites who performed skillfully before the LORD. For seven days they ate their assigned portion, sacrificing peace offerings and giving thanks to the LORD, the God of their fathers. 23The whole assembly agreed to observe seven more days, so they observed seven days with joy. 24For Hezekiah king of Judah contributed a thousand bulls and seven thousand sheep for the assembly, and the officials contributed a thousand bulls and ten thousand sheep for the assembly, and a great number of priests consecrated themselves. 25Then the whole assembly of Judah rejoiced along with the priests and Levites and the whole assembly that had come from Israel, including the foreigners who had come from Israel and those who lived in Judah. 26So there was great rejoicing in Jerusalem, for nothing like this had happened there since the days of Solomon son of David king of Israel. 27Then the priests and the Levites stood to bless the people, and God heard their voice, and their prayer came into His holy dwelling place in heaven. Footnotes: 2 a See Numbers 9:9–12. 13 b That is, the seven-day period after the Passover during which no leaven may be eaten; see Exodus 12:14–20. 21 c Or day after day, with all their strength to the LORD. Literally day after day, with loud instruments to the LORD. Berean Standard Bible (BSB) printed 2016, 2020, 2022, 2025 by Bible Hub and Berean.Bible. Produced in cooperation with Bible Hub, Discovery Bible, unfoldingWord, Bible Aquifer, OpenBible.com, and the Berean Bible Translation Committee. This text of God's Word has been dedicated to the public domain. Free downloads and unlimited usage available. See also the Berean Literal Bible and Berean Interlinear Bible. Bible Hub  2 Chronicles 30 Summary Hezekiah Proclaims a PassoverVerses 1–5 – Hezekiah’s Invitation to Celebrate Passover Verses 6–9 – The Call to Repent and Return Verses 10–12 – Mixed Responses Verses 13–15 – Assembly and Cleansing Verses 16–19 – Priests, Levites, and Hezekiah’s Prayer Verses 20–22 – Divine Healing and Great Joy Verses 23–27 – An Extended Feast and Lasting Blessing 2 Chronicles 30 paints a vivid picture of a united Israel under King Hezekiah, celebrating the Passover with zeal and fervor. It portrays Hezekiah's earnest attempt to reunite a divided kingdom under the banner of shared faith, highlighting the transformative power of spiritual revival, repentance, and divine mercy. Historical Setting Hezekiah comes to the throne around 715 BC, only a few years after Assyria levels Samaria (722 BC). Most of the northern kingdom is either exiled or living under foreign administration. Spiritually, Judah had just endured the idolatrous reign of Ahaz (2 Chronicles 28). Against that backdrop, chapter 30 records Hezekiah’s dramatic first-year reform—aimed not merely at Judah, but at the fractured family of Israel as a whole. The Second-Month Passover Numbers 9:6-13 allows those who are ceremonially unclean or on a distant journey to keep Passover in the second month. Hezekiah applies that gracious option to an entire nation that is “distant” spiritually and logistically. This flexibility highlights God’s desire for relationship over ritual timing. Comparable instance: the exiles in Ezra 6:19-22 also keep Passover after making temple repairs, again showing that restored worship often requires practical adjustments. Hezekiah’s Unifying Strategy • Sends runners north of the collapsed kingdom lines—remarkable courage with Assyrian garrisons present. • Frames the call on shared patriarchs: “the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Israel.” • Emphasizes family compassion: “your brothers and your children” (v.9). • Promises immediate grace rather than political advantage. By appealing to covenant identity, Hezekiah transcends tribal politics and offers a healed future. The Role of Priests and Levites Some priests hesitate, forcing Levites—already consecrated—to help with sacrifices (v.17). Their willingness parallels earlier reforms under Jehoiada (2 Chronicles 23:14-18). The Levites’ musical leadership (v.21) also references David’s instructions in 1 Chronicles 25. The account nudges spiritual leaders to stay prepared so revival is not delayed. Repentance, Return, and Renewed Joy Chapter 30 mirrors 2 Chronicles 7:14. The people humble themselves, turn from idolatry (removing altars), seek God’s face in worship, and God answers with healing (v.20). Joy follows repentance—a biblical pattern seen in: • Nehemiah 8:10—“The joy of the LORD is your strength.” • Psalm 30:5—“Weeping may stay for the night, but rejoicing comes in the morning.” • Luke 15:7—the heavens rejoice over one sinner who repents. Archaeological Insights from Hezekiah’s Era • Hezekiah’s Tunnel: a 1,750-foot water channel bringing Gihon Spring inside the city walls (2 Chronicles 32:30). Its inscription, discovered in 1880, mentions the moment the two quarry teams met. • The “Broad Wall”: an eight-meter-thick fortification in Jerusalem dated to Hezekiah’s reign, matching his defense efforts (Isaiah 22:8-11). • LMLK (“belonging to the king”) jar handles: stamped storage jars used for royal provisions—likely including food for celebrations. These finds affirm an active, resourceful administration capable of hosting a nationwide feast. Northern Israelites in Judah Many from Ephraim, Manasseh, Issachar, and elsewhere respond positively (v.18). Though the Assyrian deportations were severe, remnants remained (2 Kings 17:6). Hezekiah’s Passover becomes a spiritual refuge for them. Isaiah, a contemporary, predicts such ingathering: “In that day…those who were perishing in Assyria…will worship the LORD on the holy mountain in Jerusalem” (Isaiah 27:13). Echoes of Exodus Passover commemorates Israel’s deliverance from bondage (Exodus 12). Chapter 30 highlights parallel themes: • Blood applied by priests—points back to lamb’s blood on doorposts. • Removal of foreign altars—mirrors Egypt’s gods judged by plagues. • Seven-day Feast of Unleavened Bread—identical schedule (Exodus 12:15-18). Hezekiah’s generation relives the rescue story, reaffirming identity as God’s liberated people. Foreshadowing the Messiah John 1:29 calls Jesus “the Lamb of God.” Paul writes, “For Christ, our Passover lamb, has been sacrificed” (1 Corinthians 5:7). Hezekiah’s inclusive, grace-filled Passover foreshadows Jesus’ open invitation: “Come to Me, all you who are weary” (Matthew 11:28). The king’s prayer that God pardon the unclean (v.18) anticipates Christ’s cleansing of every repentant heart (1 John 1:9). Connections to Other Scriptures • 2 Kings 18 complements this narrative, adding Assyrian political tensions. • Psalm 133 celebrates unity, a theme lived out in the shared worship of Judah and Israel. • Deuteronomy 16 prescribes centralized Passover worship—fulfilled here. • 2 Chronicles 31 follows with systematic tithing and priestly support, showing revival’s practical outflow. • Hebrews 10:22 echoes Hezekiah’s invitation: “draw near with a sincere heart…having our hearts sprinkled to cleanse us.” Practical Takeaways • God always welcomes a repentant return, no matter how long or how far we have strayed. • Leadership that models personal faith and provides practical solutions (second-month option, donated livestock) can ignite nationwide renewal. • Unity blooms when shared worship eclipses tribal and historical wounds. • Joy is not a side effect; it is a hallmark of genuine revival. • Cleansing precedes celebration—removing idols, confessing sin, and embracing grace open the door to deep gladness. Connections to Additional Scriptures Unity in Christ Ephesians 4:3-6 emphasizes the importance of unity in the Spirit among believers. Repentance and Forgiveness 1 John 1:9 speaks to the promise of forgiveness when we confess our sins. Joy in Worship Psalm 100 encourages joyful worship and thanksgiving to God. Teaching Points Hezekiah's LeadershipKing Hezekiah takes initiative to restore the Passover, demonstrating the importance of godly leadership in guiding people back to God. Hezekiah sent word to all Israel and Judah and also wrote letters to Ephraim and Manasseh, inviting them to come to the house of the LORD in Jerusalem to celebrate the Passover to the LORD, the God of Israel (2 Chronicles 30:1). Unity Among the Tribes Despite the division between Israel and Judah, Hezekiah's invitation extends to all tribes, emphasizing the call for unity among God's people. At the king’s command, couriers went throughout Israel and Judah with letters from the king and his officials, which read: 'Children of Israel, return to the LORD, the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Israel, that He may return to you who are left, who have escaped the hand of the kings of Assyria' (2 Chronicles 30:6). Repentance and Cleansing The chapter highlights the importance of repentance and spiritual cleansing before approaching God. They slaughtered the Passover lamb on the fourteenth day of the second month. The priests and Levites were ashamed, and they consecrated themselves and brought burnt offerings to the house of the LORD (2 Chronicles 30:15). God's Grace and Healing Despite imperfections in their observance, God hears their prayers and heals the people, showing His grace and mercy. May the LORD, who is good, pardon everyone who sets his heart on seeking God—the LORD, the God of his fathers—even if he is not cleansed according to the purification rules of the sanctuary. And the LORD heard Hezekiah and healed the people (2 Chronicles 30:18-20). Joy in Worship The chapter concludes with great joy and celebration, illustrating the joy that comes from sincere worship and obedience to God. There was great joy in Jerusalem, for nothing like this had happened since the days of Solomon son of David king of Israel (2 Chronicles 30:26). Practical Applications Embrace Godly LeadershipSeek and support leaders who prioritize spiritual renewal and obedience to God’s commands. Pursue Unity Work towards unity within the body of Christ, setting aside differences to worship and serve God together. Prioritize Repentance Regularly examine your heart and life, seeking God’s forgiveness and cleansing. Trust in God’s Grace Remember that God’s grace covers our imperfections when we sincerely seek Him. Celebrate Joyfully Engage in worship with joy and gratitude, recognizing the blessings of being in God’s presence. People 1. HezekiahHe is the king of Judah who initiates the celebration of the Passover in Jerusalem. Hezekiah is noted for his religious reforms and efforts to restore proper worship practices. The Hebrew root of his name, חִזְקִיָּהוּ (Chizqiyahu), means "Yahweh strengthens." 2. The Priests and Levites These are the religious leaders who assist in the preparations and conduct of the Passover. They play a crucial role in the sanctification process and the offering of sacrifices. The Levites, in particular, are responsible for the music and worship during the festival. 3. The Assembly of Israel This term refers to the people of Israel who gather in Jerusalem to celebrate the Passover. It includes individuals from both Judah and remnants from the northern tribes of Israel, emphasizing the unity and collective worship of the nation. 4. The Runners These are the messengers sent by Hezekiah to deliver letters throughout Israel and Judah, inviting the people to come to Jerusalem for the Passover. Their role is crucial in spreading the king's call for national repentance and worship. 5. The Officials of the King These are the leaders and advisors who support Hezekiah's initiative. They help organize the logistics of the Passover celebration and ensure that the king's directives are carried out. Places 1. JerusalemJerusalem is the central location where King Hezekiah invites all Israel and Judah to come and celebrate the Passover to the LORD, the God of Israel. It is the spiritual and political center of the kingdom, often referred to as the city of David. In Hebrew, Jerusalem is "יְרוּשָׁלַיִם" (Yerushalayim). 2. Ephraim Ephraim is one of the tribes of Israel, representing the northern kingdom. Hezekiah sends letters to Ephraim, urging them to return to the LORD and come to Jerusalem for the Passover. Ephraim is often used to denote the northern tribes collectively. 3. Manasseh Manasseh is another tribe of Israel, closely associated with Ephraim. Like Ephraim, the people of Manasseh are invited to join in the Passover celebration in Jerusalem. The tribe is named after one of Joseph's sons. 4. Zebulun Zebulun is one of the northern tribes of Israel. The people of Zebulun are also called to return to the LORD and participate in the Passover in Jerusalem. Zebulun is often mentioned in the context of the northern kingdom. 5. Asher Asher is another tribe from the northern kingdom. The invitation to celebrate the Passover extends to the people of Asher, encouraging them to reunite with their southern brethren in worship. 6. Issachar Issachar is one of the tribes of Israel, included in the call to return to Jerusalem for the Passover. The tribe is known for its wisdom and understanding of the times. 7. Naphtali Naphtali is a northern tribe, also invited to the Passover in Jerusalem. The tribe is named after one of Jacob's sons and is part of the broader call for unity among the Israelites. Events 1. Hezekiah Invites All Israel and Judah to Celebrate PassoverHezekiah sends letters to all Israel and Judah, inviting them to come to the house of the LORD in Jerusalem to celebrate the Passover. This invitation extends beyond Judah to include the remnant of Israel, emphasizing unity and a return to worship (2 Chronicles 30:1). 2. Proclamation Throughout Israel Couriers go throughout Israel and Judah with the king's letters, urging the people to return to the LORD, the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Israel, so that He may return to them. This call to repentance is rooted in the Hebrew concept of "shuv," meaning to return or turn back (2 Chronicles 30:6). 3. Mixed Reactions to the Invitation Some people scorn and mock the couriers, while others humble themselves and come to Jerusalem. This reflects the varied responses to God's call, highlighting the theme of free will and the choice to follow God (2 Chronicles 30:10-11). 4. Assembling in Jerusalem A large assembly gathers in Jerusalem to keep the Feast of Unleavened Bread in the second month. This decision to celebrate in the second month is due to the priests not being consecrated in time and the people not gathering in Jerusalem (2 Chronicles 30:13, 15). 5. Removal of Idolatrous Altars The people remove the altars in Jerusalem, casting them into the Kidron Valley. This act of purification signifies a return to true worship and the rejection of idolatry, aligning with the Hebrew concept of "tahor," meaning clean or pure (2 Chronicles 30:14). 6. Celebration of the Passover The Passover is celebrated with great joy, and the Levites and priests praise the LORD day by day. This celebration is marked by a renewed commitment to God's commandments and a spirit of unity among the people (2 Chronicles 30:21). 7. Hezekiah Prays for the People Hezekiah prays for those who were not ceremonially clean but had set their hearts to seek God. The LORD hears Hezekiah's prayer and heals the people, demonstrating God's grace and mercy (2 Chronicles 30:18-20). 8. Extended Celebration The assembly agrees to keep the feast for another seven days, celebrating with gladness. This extension reflects the joy and spiritual renewal experienced by the people, as they continue to worship and offer sacrifices to the LORD (2 Chronicles 30:23). 9. Blessing from the Priests and Levites The priests and Levites bless the people, and their voice is heard, and their prayer reaches heaven. This blessing signifies God's favor and the restoration of the covenant relationship between God and His people (2 Chronicles 30:27). Topics 1. Hezekiah Invites All Israel and Judah to Celebrate PassoverKing Hezekiah sends letters to all Israel and Judah, urging them to come to the house of the LORD in Jerusalem to celebrate the Passover. This invitation extends beyond Judah to include the remnant of Israel, emphasizing unity and a return to the worship of Yahweh. The Hebrew root for "Passover" (פֶּסַח, pesach) signifies the importance of this festival as a time of remembrance and deliverance. 2. Call to Repentance and Return to the LORD Hezekiah's message includes a call for repentance, urging the people not to be like their ancestors who were unfaithful to the LORD. He emphasizes the need to return to God so that His fierce anger may turn away from them. The Hebrew word for "return" (שׁוּב, shuv) highlights the concept of repentance and turning back to God. 3. Response to Hezekiah’s Invitation The response to Hezekiah's invitation is mixed. While some people mock and scorn the messengers, others humble themselves and come to Jerusalem. This reflects the varied reception of God's call throughout history, where some accept and others reject His invitation. 4. Celebration of the Passover in the Second Month Due to the unpreparedness of the priests and the people, the Passover is celebrated in the second month, as permitted by the law for those who were unclean or on a journey during the first month. This demonstrates flexibility within the law to accommodate genuine worship and repentance. 5. Purification and Intercession for the People Many participants are not ceremonially clean, but Hezekiah prays for them, asking the LORD to pardon everyone who seeks Him with a sincere heart. This intercession underscores the importance of the heart's intention over ritual purity, aligning with the Hebrew concept of "heart" (לֵב, lev) as the center of one's being and intentions. 6. Great Joy and Unity in Worship The celebration is marked by great joy, as the people of Judah and Israel come together in worship. The unity and joy experienced during this time are reminiscent of the days of Solomon, highlighting a return to a golden age of worship and fellowship with God. 7. Extension of the Feast The assembly decides to extend the feast for another seven days, resulting in a fourteen-day celebration. This extension reflects the people's enthusiasm and desire to continue in worship and fellowship, demonstrating a revival of spiritual fervor. 8. Blessing and Return to Daily Life After the feast, the people return to their homes with joy and blessings, having experienced a profound spiritual renewal. This return to daily life with a renewed commitment to God illustrates the transformative power of genuine worship and repentance. Themes 1. Call to Unity and RepentanceKing Hezekiah invites all Israel and Judah to come to the house of the LORD in Jerusalem to celebrate the Passover. This call emphasizes unity among the divided tribes and a return to God. The Hebrew root for "return" (שׁוּב, shuv) signifies repentance and turning back to God. ^“Hezekiah sent word to all Israel and Judah and also wrote letters to Ephraim and Manasseh, inviting them to come to the house of the LORD in Jerusalem to celebrate the Passover to the LORD, the God of Israel.”^ (2 Chronicles 30:1) 2. Restoration of Proper Worship The chapter highlights the restoration of proper worship practices, as the Passover had not been celebrated according to what was written for a long time. This theme underscores the importance of adhering to God's commandments and the Hebrew term "כָּתוּב" (katub), meaning "written," emphasizes the authority of Scripture. ^“For they had not been able to celebrate it at the regular time because not enough priests had consecrated themselves and the people had not gathered in Jerusalem.”^ (2 Chronicles 30:3) 3. God’s Mercy and Forgiveness Hezekiah prays for those who were not ceremonially clean to partake in the Passover, and God hears his prayer, showing His mercy and willingness to forgive. The Hebrew word "סָלַח" (salach) for "forgive" reflects God's gracious nature. ^“May the LORD, who is good, pardon everyone who sets his heart on seeking God—the LORD, the God of his fathers—even if he is not cleansed according to the purification rules of the sanctuary.”^ (2 Chronicles 30:18-19) 4. Joy and Celebration in Obedience The celebration of the Passover brings great joy to the people, illustrating the theme that obedience to God leads to joy and blessing. The Hebrew word "שִׂמְחָה" (simchah) for "joy" is central to this theme. ^“There was great joy in Jerusalem, for since the days of Solomon son of David king of Israel, nothing like this had happened in Jerusalem.”^ (2 Chronicles 30:26) 5. Divine Healing and Blessing The chapter concludes with God healing the people, which signifies His blessing upon their obedience and unity. The Hebrew root "רָפָא" (rapha) for "heal" indicates restoration and wholeness. ^“And the LORD heard Hezekiah and healed the people.”^ (2 Chronicles 30:20) Answering Tough Questions 1. In 2 Chronicles 30:6, how could King Hezekiah send invitations throughout the northern kingdom if they had already been exiled according to 2 Kings 17? Bible Study Discussion Questions 1. How does Hezekiah's invitation to the Passover reflect his vision for a unified Israel? How can we apply this principle of unity in our own communities today? 2. Why was the reaction to Hezekiah's invitation varied, and what does this teach us about responding to God's call? 3. The people celebrated the Passover despite not being ceremonially clean. What does this reveal about the heart of worship? 4. Reflect on Hezekiah's prayer for the people in verse 18-20. How does this emphasize the importance of intercession and mercy? 5. How does the extension of the Passover feast (verses 21-27) demonstrate the power of collective joy and celebration? 6. Compare the spiritual climate in this chapter with the spiritual climate in your environment. What steps can be taken towards spiritual revival? 7. How does Hezekiah's leadership influence the spiritual awakening in this chapter, and what leadership qualities can we learn from him? 8. How does God's response to Hezekiah's prayer reflect His grace and mercy? 9. How can we foster unity and reconciliation in our present day society, as Hezekiah did in his time? 10. What does the chapter teach us about humility and repentance in the face of ridicule or rejection? 11. How does the concept of communal worship in this chapter apply to our contemporary Christian practices? 12. What can be learned from the willingness of the people to extend the celebration? 13. Reflect on the role of the priests and Levites in the Passover celebration. How does their role reflect the responsibilities of spiritual leaders today? 14. What does Hezekiah's invitation teach us about reaching out to those who have drifted away from faith? 15. Reflect on the importance of observing religious practices as a community. How can this be fostered in our churches today? 16. How does this chapter challenge your understanding of God's mercy and forgiveness? 17. How does the joy in Jerusalem after the Passover celebration inspire you in your personal faith journey? 18. How can we apply the principles of repentance and purification highlighted in this chapter in our daily lives? 19. What does the collective decision to extend the feast tell us about the community's commitment to their faith? 20. How does this chapter encourage you to pray and intercede for others, especially those who may not fully adhere to religious norms? 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