that Moses the man of God
Moses is referred to as "the man of God," a title that underscores his unique role as a prophet, leader, and mediator between God and Israel. This title is used for individuals who have a special relationship with God and are chosen to deliver His messages, as seen in other figures like Elijah and Elisha.

pronounced upon the Israelites
The Israelites, descendants of Jacob, are the recipients of this blessing. This act of pronouncement is a continuation of the covenantal promises made to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, emphasizing the chosen status of Israel as God's people. It also reflects the communal nature of blessings in the ancient Near Eastern context, where leaders would often bless their people.

before his death
The timing of this blessing is significant as it occurs at the end of Moses' life, similar to the blessings given by Jacob to his sons. It marks a transition of leadership and serves as a final act of guidance and encouragement. This moment is pivotal as it precedes the Israelites' entry into the Promised Land, highlighting the continuity of God's promises despite the change in leadership.

Moses is about to convey something more than pleasant wishes—he is delivering a divinely sanctioned impartation of goodness. Throughout Scripture, blessings carry weight because they invoke God’s active favor (Genesis 12:2; Numbers 6:24-26). Here, the definite article (“This”) signals a specific, comprehensive blessing that will shape Israel’s future, much like Jacob’s prophetic blessings over the tribes in Genesis 49.

• Blessing as covenant affirmation: God had already promised prosperity and protection if Israel remained faithful (Deuteronomy 28:1-14). Moses’ words echo and personalize those broader covenant promises.

• Blessing as prophetic forecast: In the chapters that follow, each tribe receives a tailored word, showing that God cares for the collective and the individual (cf. Revelation 21:12, where the tribal names appear on the gates of the New Jerusalem).

The human instrument matters. Moses has walked with Israel from slavery to the brink of the Promised Land, so his words carry unparalleled authority (Exodus 3:10-12; Deuteronomy 34:10-12).

• Proven leadership: Forty years of shepherding a difficult nation give Moses experiential insight into each tribe’s strengths and weaknesses.

• Mediator role: Just as he once stood between sinning Israel and a holy God on Sinai (Exodus 32:30-32), he now stands between God’s promises and Israel’s future, articulating divine intent for them.

This title highlights Moses’ divine commissioning and intimate relationship with the LORD (Psalm 90 superscription; 1 Samuel 9:6; 2 Timothy 3:17).

• Authority rooted in God: The term “man of God” underscores that what follows originates in heaven, not merely in human sentiment (cf. 2 Peter 1:21).

• Model for ministry: Later prophets and leaders will bear the same designation, linking them to Moses’ pattern of obedience and intercession (1 Kings 17:24).

The blessing is corporate, covering all twelve tribes (Deuteronomy 33:6-25). While individuals matter, God’s plan unfolds through a redeemed community (Romans 9:4-5).

• Unity in diversity: Each tribe receives a unique word, yet all are enveloped in a single blessing—anticipating Paul’s picture of one body with many members (1 Corinthians 12:12-14).

• Missional purpose: By blessing Israel, God intends them to be a conduit of blessing to the nations (Genesis 12:3; Isaiah 49:6).

Final words carry special weight in biblical narrative (Genesis 49:1-2; 2 Timothy 4:6-8). Moses’ impending departure heightens the solemnity and urgency.

• Legacy moment: Like a spiritual father, Moses ensures that Israel remembers both God’s faithfulness and their calling once he is gone (Joshua 1:1-2).

• Transition of leadership: The timing prepares Israel to receive Joshua’s guidance, anchoring the new era in God’s spoken blessing (Deuteronomy 31:7-8).

Deuteronomy 33:1 frames Moses’ final act not as a mere farewell but as a divinely charged bestowal of favor. The phrase-by-phrase breakdown shows (1) a specific, powerful blessing, (2) delivered by God’s seasoned servant, (3) invested with prophetic authority, (4) intended for the entire covenant people, and (5) spoken at a decisive turning point. As believers today, we see in this verse a template for godly leadership: anchor others in God’s promises, speak life that aligns with Scripture, and trust the Lord to carry His people forward long after our earthly work is done.

MOSES' LAST BLESSING.

(1) Moses the man of God blessed the children of Israel.--The title man of God is here used for the first time. Its counterpart is to be found in Deuteronomy 34:5 : "Moses the servant of Jehovah died." The more any man is a "servant to Jehovah," the more is he a "man of Elohim" to his fellow-men. After Moses, Elijah and Elisha are more especially described by this title ("man of God ") in the Old Testament.

Blessed . . . Israel before his death.--"And if not then, when should he?" (Rashi.)